Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1937
The caliphate of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
أَوَّلُ غَزْوِ التُّرْكِ وَهُوَ تَصْدِيقُ الْحَدِيثِ الثَّابِتِ فِي " الصَّحِيحِ "، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، وَعُمَرَ بْنِ تَغْلِبَ؛ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ﷺ، قَالَ: لَا تَقُومُ السَّاعَةُ حَتَّى تُقَاتِلُوا قَوْمًا عِرَاضَ الْوُجُوهِ، ذُلْفَ الْأُنُوفِ، حُمْرَ الْوُجُوهِ، كَأَنَّ وُجُوهَهُمُ الْمَجَانُّ الْمُطْرَقَةُ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ يَنْتَعِلُونَ الشَّعْرَ. لَمَّا جَاءَ كِتَابُ عُمَرَ إِلَى عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ يَأْمُرُهُ بِأَنْ يَغْزُوَ التُّرْكَ، سَارَ حَتَّى قَطَعَ الْبَابَ قَاصِدًا لِمَا أَمَرَهُ عُمَرُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ شَهْرَبْرَازُ: أَيْنَ تُرِيدُ ؟ قَالَ: أُرِيدُ مَلِكَ التُّرْكِ بَلَنْجَرَ. فَقَالَ لَهُ شَهْرَبْرَازُ: إِنَّا لَنَرْضَى مِنْهُمْ بِالْمُوَادَعَةِ، وَنَحْنُ مِنْ وَرَاءِ الْبَابِ. فَقَالَ لَهُ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولًا، وَوَعَدَنَا عَلَى لِسَانِهِ بِالنَّصْرِ وَالظَّفَرِ، وَنَحْنُ لَا نَزَالُ مَنْصُورِينَ. فَقَاتَلَ التُّرْكَ وَسَارَ فِي بِلَادِ بَلَنْجَرَ مِائَتَيْ فَرْسَخٍ، وَغَزَا مَرَّاتٍ مُتَعَدِّدَةً. ثُمَّ كَانَتْ لَهُ وَقَائِعُ هَائِلَةٌ فِي زَمَنِ عُثْمَانَ، كَمَا سَنُورِدُهُ فِي مَوْضِعِهِ، إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى. فَعَنْ سَلْمَانَ بْنِ رَبِيعَةَ، قَالَ: لَمَّا دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ بِلَادَهُمْ حَالَ اللَّهُ بَيْنَ التُّرْكِ وَالْخُرُوجِ عَلَيْهِ، وَقَالُوا: مَا اجْتَرَأَ عَلَيْنَا هَذَا الرَّجُلُ إِلَّا وَمَعَهُمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ تَمْنَعُهُمْ مِنَ الْمَوْتِ. فَتَحَصَّنُوا مِنْهُ وَهَرَبُوا بِالْغُنْمِ وَالظَّفَرِ. ثُمَّ إِنَّهُ غَزَاهُمْ غَزَوَاتٍ فِي زَمَنِ عُثْمَانَ فَظَفِرَ بِهِمْ، كَمَا كَانَ يَظْفَرُ بِغَيْرِهِمْ. فَلَمَّا وَلَّى عُثْمَانُ عَلَى الْكُوفَةِ بَعْضَ مَنْ كَانَ ارْتَدَّ، غَزَاهُمْ فَتَذَامَرَتِ التُّرْكُ، وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ لِبَعْضٍ: إِنَّهُمْ لَا يَمُوتُونَ. وَقَالَ: انْظُرُوا. وَفَعَلُوا فَاخْتَفَوْا لَهُمْ فِي الْغِيَاضِ، فَرَمَى رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلًا مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ عَلَى غِرَّةٍ، فَقَتَلَهُ وَهَرَبَ عَنْهُ أَصْحَابُهُ، فَخَرَجُوا عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى عَرَفُوا أَنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَمُوتُونَ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، وَنَادَى مُنَادٍ مِنَ الْجَوِّ: صَبْرًا آلَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ وَمَوْعِدُكُمُ الْجَنَّةُ. فَقَاتَلَ عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ حَتَّى قُتِلَ وَانْكَشَفَ النَّاسُ، وَأَخَذَ الرَّايَةَ سَلْمَانُ بْنُ رَبِيعَةَ فَقَاتَلَ بِهَا، وَنَادَى الْمُنَادِي مِنَ الْجَوِّ: صَبْرًا آلَ سَلْمَانَ بْنَ رَبِيعَةَ. فَقَاتَلَ قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، ثُمَّ تَحَيَّزَ سَلْمَانُ وَأَبُو هُرَيْرَةَ بِالْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَفَرُّوا مِنْ كَثْرَةِ التُّرْكِ وَرَمْيِهِمُ الشَّدِيدِ السَّدِيدِ عَلَى جِيلَانَ فَقَطَعُوهَا إِلَى جُرْجَانَ وَاجْتَرَأَتِ التُّرْكُ بَعْدَهَا، وَمَعَ هَذَا أَخَذَتِ التُّرْكُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ رَبِيعَةَ فَدَفَنُوهُ فِي بِلَادِهِمْ، فَهُمْ يَسْتَسْقُونَ بِقَبْرِهِ إِلَى الْيَوْمِ.
Translation
✧ The first raid against the Turks This confirms the authentic hadith in the Ṣaḥīḥ, from Abū Hurayrah and ʿUmar b. Taghlib; that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: The Hour will not be established until you fight a people with broad faces, snub noses, and red faces, as if their faces are layered shields. In one narration: they wear hair. When ʿUmar's letter came to ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Rabīʿah commanding him to raid the Turks, he marched until he crossed the Bāb, heading for what ʿUmar had commanded him. Shahrabarāz said to him: Where do you intend to go? He said: I intend to go to the king of the Turks, Balanjar. Shahrabarāz said to him: We are content with a truce with them, and we are behind the Bāb. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān said to him: Allah has sent us a Messenger, and promised us victory and triumph through his tongue, and we will continue to be victorious. He fought the Turks and traveled in the lands of Balanjar for two hundred farsakhs, and raided them many times. Then there occurred terrible battles in the time of ʿUthmān, as we will mention in its place, if Allah Almighty wills. From Salmān b. Rabīʿah, he said: When ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Rabīʿah entered their lands against them, Allah came between the Turks and their coming out against him, and they said: This man would not have dared against us unless angels were with them, preventing them from death. So they fortified themselves against him and fled with the spoils and victory. Then he raided them in several campaigns in the time of ʿUthmān and triumphed over them, as he triumphed over others. When ʿUthmān appointed over Kufa someone who had apostatized, he raided them, and the Turks encouraged one another, and some of them said to others: They do not die. He said: Look. They did so and hid for them in the thickets. A man among them shot a man among the Muslims by surprise, killed him, and fled from his companions. Then they came out against the Muslims after that until they knew that the Muslims die. They fought a fierce battle, and a caller called from the air: Patience, family of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, and your appointment is Paradise. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān fought until he was killed, and the people were routed. Salmān b. Rabīʿah took the banner and fought with it, and the caller called from the air: Patience, family of Salmān b. Rabīʿah. He fought a fierce battle. Then Salmān and Abū Hurayrah withdrew with the Muslims, and they fled from the multitude of the Turks and their intense, accurate shooting, to Jīlān, and they crossed it to Jurjān. The Turks became emboldened after that. Despite this, the Turks took ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Rabīʿah and buried him in their lands, and they seek rain by his grave to this day.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.