Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1928
The caliphate of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
وفي سنة إحدى وعشرين أَنَّ عَمْرَو بْنَ الْعَاصِ سَارَ فِي جَيْشٍ مَعَهُ إِلَى أَنْطَابُلُسَ - قَالَ: وَهِيَ بَرْقَةُ - فَافْتَتَحَهَا صُلْحًا عَلَى ثَلَاثَةَ عَشَرَ أَلْفِ دِينَارٍ فِي كُلِّ سَنَةٍ. وَأَنْ يَبِيعُوا مِنْ أَبْنَائِهِمْ مَنْ أَرَادُوا بَيْعَهُ. فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ بَرْقَةَ سَارَ إِلَى طَرَابُلُسَ الْغَرْبِ فَحَاصَرَهَا شَهْرًا فَلَمْ يَظْفَرْ بِهَا، وَكَانَ قَدْ نَزَلَ شَرْقِيَّهَا، فَخَرَجَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي مُدْلِجٍ يَتَصَيَّدُ فِي سَبْعَةِ نَفَرٍ، وَسَلَكُوا غَرْبَ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَلَمَّا رَجَعُوا اشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْحَرُّ فَأَخَذُوا عَلَى جَانِبِ الْبَحْرِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنِ السُّورُ مُتَّصِلًا بِالْبَحْرِ، وَكَانَتْ سُفُنُ الرُّومِ فِي مَرْسَاهَا مُقَابِلَ بُيُوتِهِمْ، فَرَأَى الْمُدْلِجِيُّ وَأَصْحَابُهُ مَسْلَكًا بَيْنَ الْبَحْرِ وَالْبَلَدِ فَدَخَلُوا مِنْهُ وَكَبَّرُوا، فَلَمْ يَكُنْ لِلرُّومِ مَلْجَأٌ إِلَّا سُفُنُهُمْ، لِأَنَّهُمْ ظَنُّوا أَنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ قَدْ دَخَلُوا الْبَلَدَ، وَنَظَرَ عَمْرٌو وَمَنْ مَعَهُ فَرَأَى السُّيُوفَ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ وَسَمِعُوا الصِّيَاحَ، فَأَقْبَلَ بِجَيْشِهِ حَتَّى دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْبَلَدَ، فَلَمْ يُفْلِتِ الرُّومُ إِلَّا بِمَا خَفَّ مَعَهُمْ فِي مَرَاكِبِهِمْ. وَكَانَ أَهْلُ حِصْنِ سَبْرَةَ قَدْ تَحَصَّنُوا لَمَّا نَزَلَ عَمْرٌو عَلَى طَرَابُلُسَ، فَلَمَّا امْتَنَعُوا عَلَيْهِ بِطَرَابُلُسَ أَمِنُوا وَاطْمَأَنُّوا، فَلَمَّا فُتِحَتْ طَرَابُلُسُ جَنَّدَ عَمْرٌو عَسْكَرًا كَثِيفًا وَسَيَّرَهُ إِلَى سَبْرَةَ، فَصَبَّحُوهَا وَقَدْ فَتَحَ أَهْلُهَا الْبَابَ وَأَخْرَجُوا مَوَاشِيَهُمْ لِتَسْرَحَ ; لِأَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَكُنْ بَلَغَهُمْ خَبَرُ طَرَابُلُسَ، فَوَقَعَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَدَخَلُوا الْبَلَدَ مُكَابَرَةً وَغَنِمُوا مَا فِيهِ وَعَادُوا إِلَى عَمْرٍو. ثُمَّ سَارَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ إِلَى بَرْقَةَ وَبِهَا لُوَاتَةُ، وَهُمْ مِنَ الْبَرْبَرِ. وَكَانَ سَبَبُ مَسِيرِ الْبَرْبَرِ إِلَيْهَا وَإِلَى غَيْرِهَا مِنَ الْغَرْبِ أَنَّهُمْ كَانُوا بِنَوَاحِي فِلَسْطِينَ مِنَ الشَّامِ، وَكَانَ مَلِكُهُمْ جَالُوتَ، فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ سَارَتِ الْبَرَابِرُ وَطَلَبُوا الْغَرْبَ، حَتَّى إِذَا انْتَهَوْا إِلَى لُوبِيَّةَ وَمَرَاقِيَّةَ، وَهُمَا كُورَتَانِ مِنْ كُوَرِ مِصْرَ الْغَرْبِيَّةِ، تَفَرَّقُوا فَسَارَتْ زَنَاتَةُ وَمُغِيلَةُ، وَهُمَا قَبِيلَتَانِ مِنَ الْبَرْبَرِ إِلَى الْغَرْبِ فَسَكَنُوا الْجِبَالَ، وَسَكَنَتْ لُوَاتَةُ أَرْضَ بَرْقَةَ، وَتُعْرَفُ قَدِيمًا بِأَنْطَابُلُسَ، وَانْتَشَرُوا فِيهَا حَتَّى بَلَغُوا السُّوسَ، وَنَزَلَتْ هَوَّارَةُ مَدِينَةَ لَبْدَةَ، وَنَزَلَتْ نَفُوسَةُ إِلَى مَدِينَةِ سَبْرَةَ وَجَلَا مَنْ كَانَ بِهَا مِنَ الرُّومِ لِذَلِكَ، وَقَامَ الْأَفَارِقُ، وَهُمْ خَدَمُ الرُّومِ، عَلَى صُلْحٍ يُؤَدُّونَهُ إِلَى مَنْ غَلَبَ عَلَى بِلَادِهِمْ. قَالَ: وفي سنة إحدى وعشرين بَعَثَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ عُقْبَةَ بْنَ نَافِعٍ الْفِهْرِيَّ إِلَى زَوِيلَةَ فَفَتَحَهَا بِصُلْحٍ، وَصَارَ مَا بَيْنَ بَرْقَةَ إِلَى زَوِيلَةَ سِلْمًا لِلْمُسْلِمِينَ.
Translation
✧ In the year twenty-one, ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ marched with an army under his command to Anṭābulus – he said: that is Barqah – and conquered it by treaty for thirteen thousand dīnārs every year, and on condition that they may sell from their children whom they wish to sell. When he finished with Barqah, he marched to Ṭarābulus al-Gharb and besieged it for a month without success. He had encamped to its east. A man from Banū Mudlij went out hunting with seven companions, and they took a route west of the city. When they returned, the heat became severe for them, so they took the side of the sea. The wall was not connected to the sea, and the ships of the Byzantines were in their anchorage opposite their houses. The Mudlijī and his companions saw a passage between the sea and the town, so they entered through it and shouted "Allāhu akbar." The Byzantines had no refuge except their ships, for they thought that the Muslims had entered the town. ʿAmr and those with him looked and saw the swords in the city and heard the shouting, so he advanced with his army until he entered the town upon them. The Byzantines escaped only with what was light for them in their ships. The people of the fort of Sabrah had fortified themselves when ʿAmr encamped at Ṭarābulus. When it was denied to him at Ṭarābulus, they felt safe and secure. When Ṭarābulus was conquered, ʿAmr dispatched a dense army and sent it to Sabrah. They attacked it in the morning while its people had opened the gate and brought out their livestock to graze, because the news of Ṭarābulus had not reached them. The Muslims fell upon them and entered the town by force, seized what was in it as booty, and returned to ʿAmr. Then ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ marched to Barqah, where the Lawātah were, and they are among the Berbers. The reason for the Berbers' march to it and to other places in the west was that they had been in the regions of Palestine in Syria, and their king was Jālūt. When he was killed, the Berbers marched and sought the west, until when they reached Lūbiyah and Marāqiyah, which are two districts of the western districts of Egypt, they dispersed. The Zanātah and Mughīlah, two tribes of the Berbers, marched to the west and settled in the mountains. The Lawātah settled the land of Barqah, known anciently as Anṭābulus, and spread through it until they reached al-Sūs. The Hawwārah settled the city of Labdah, and the Nafūsah settled the city of Sabrah, and the Byzantines who were there departed for that reason. The Afāriq, who are the servants of the Byzantines, remained on terms of tribute which they paid to whoever gained control over their lands. He said: In the year twenty-one, ʿAmr b. al-ʿĀṣ sent ʿUqbah b. Nāfiʿ al-Fihrī to Zawīlah, and he conquered it by treaty, and what lies between Barqah and Zawīlah became a peaceful territory for the Muslims.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.