Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1904
The caliphate of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
عَزْلِ خَالِدِ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ سَنَةُ سَبْعَ عَشْرَةَ قَالَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ وَفِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ أَدْرَبَ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ وَعِيَاضُ بْنُ غَنْمٍ، أَيْ سَلَكَا دَرْبَ الرُّومِ وَأَغَارَا عَلَيْهِمْ، فَغَنِمُوا أَمْوَالًا عَظِيمَةً وَسَبَيَا كَثِيرًا. ثُمَّ رُوِيَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ سَيْفٍ، عَنْ أَبِي عُثْمَانَ وَأَبِي حَارِثَةَ وَالرَّبِيعِ وَأَبِي الْمُجَالِدِ، قَالُوا: لَمَّا رَجَعَ خَالِدٌ وَمَعَهُ أَمْوَالٌ جَزِيلَةٌ مِنَ الصَّائِفَةِ، انْتَجَعَهُ النَّاسُ يَبْتَغُونَ رِفْدَهُ وَنَائِلَهُ، فَكَانَ مِمَّنْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ الْأَشْعَثُ بْنُ قَيْسٍ، فَأَجَازَهُ بِعَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ. وَدَخَلَ خَالِدٌ الْحَمَّامَ، فَتَدَلَّكَ بِغُسْلٍ فِيهِ خَمْرٌ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّكَ تَدَلَّكْتَ بِخَمْرٍ، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ حَرَّمَ ظَاهِرَ الْخَمْرِ وَبَاطِنَهُ وَمَسَّهُ، فَلَا تُمِسُّوهَا أَجْسَادَكُمْ. فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ خَالِدٌ: إِنَّا قَتَلْنَاهَا فَعَادَتْ غَسُولًا غَيْرَ خَمْرٍ. فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ عُمَرُ: إِنَّ آلَ الْمُغِيرَةِ ابْتُلُوا بِالْجَفَاءِ فَلَا أَمَاتَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ. فَلَمَّا فَرَّقَ خَالِدٌ فِي الَّذِينَ انْتَجَعُوهُ الْأَمْوَالَ سَمِعَ بِذَلِكَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ، وَكَانَ لَا يَخْفَى عَلَيْهِ شَيْءٌ مِنْ عَمَلِهِ، فَدَعَا عُمَرُ الْبَرِيدَ، فَكَتَبَ مَعَهُ إِلَى إِلَى أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ يَأْمُرُهُ أَنْ يُقِيمَ خَالِدًا، وَيَكْشِفَ عِمَامَتَهُ، وَيَنْزِعَ عَنْهُ قَلَنْسُوَتَهُ، وَيُقَيِّدَهُ بِعِمَامَتِهِ، وَيَسْأَلَهُ عَنْ هَذِهِ الْعَشْرَةِ آلَافٍ، إِنْ كَانَ أَجَازَهَا الْأَشْعَثَ مِنْ مَالِهِ فَهُوَ سَرَفٌ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مِنْ مَالِ الصَّائِفَةِ فَهِيَ خِيَانَةٌ، ثُمَّ اعْزِلْهُ عَنْ عَمَلِهِ. فَطَلَبَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ خَالِدًا، وَصَعِدَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ الْمِنْبَرَ، وَأُقِيمَ خَالِدٌ بَيْنَ يَدَيِ الْمِنْبَرِ، وَقَامَ إِلَيْهِ بِلَالٌ فَفَعَلَ بِهِ مَا أَمَرَ بِهِ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ هُوَ وَالْبَرِيدِيُّ الَّذِي قَدِمَ بِالْكِتَابِ. هَذَا وَأَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ سَاكِتٌ لَا يَتَكَلَّمُ، ثُمَّ نَزَلَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ وَاعْتَذَرَ إِلَى خَالِدٍ مِمَّا كَانَ بِغَيْرِ اخْتِيَارِهِ وَإِرَادَتِهِ فَعَذَرَهُ خَالِدٌ، وَعَرَفَ أَنَّهُ لَا قَصْدَ لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ. ثُمَّ سَارَ خَالِدٌ إِلَى قِنَّسْرِينَ فَخَطَبَ أَهْلَ الْبَلَدِ وَوَدَّعَهُمْ، وَسَارَ بِأَهْلِهِ إِلَى حِمْصَ فَخَطَبَهُمْ أَيْضًا وَوَدَّعَهُمْ وصول خالد بن الوليد إلى المدينة وَسَارَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ خَالِدٌ عَلَى عُمَرَ أَنْشَدَ عُمَرُ قَوْلَ الشَّاعِرِ صَنَعْتَ فَلَمْ يَصْنَعْ كَصُنْعِكَ صَانِعُ وَمَا يَصْنَعُ الْأَقْوَامُ فَاللَّهُ صَانِعُ ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ: مَنْ أَيْنَ هَذَا الْيَسَارُ الَّذِي تُجِيزُ مِنْهُ بِعَشَرَةِ آلَافٍ ؟ فَقَالَ: مِنَ الْأَنْفَالِ وَالسُّهْمَانِ. قَالَ: فَمَا زَادَ عَلَى السِّتِّينَ أَلْفًا فَلَكَ. ثُمَّ قَوَّمَ أَمْوَالَهُ وَعُرُوضَهُ وَأَخَذَ مِنْهُ عِشْرِينَ أَلْفًا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: وَاللَّهِ إِنَّكَ عَلَيَّ لَكَرِيمٌ، وَإِنَّكَ إِلَيَّ لَحَبِيبٌ، وَلَنْ تَعْمَلَ لِي بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ عَلَى شَيْءٍ. وَقَالَ سَيْفٌ بسنده عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ سَهْلٍ قَالَ: كَتَبَ عُمَرُ إِلَى الْأَمْصَارِ: إِنِّي لَمْ أَعْزِلْ خَالِدًا عَنْ سُخْطَةٍ وَلَا خِيَانَةٍ، وَلَكِنَّ النَّاسَ فُتِنُوا بِهِ، فَأَحْبَبْتُ أَنْ يَعْلَمُوا أَنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الصَّانِعُ. وَأَنْ لَا يَكُونُوا بِعَرَضِ فِتْنَةٍ. وَعَوَّضَهُ عَمَّا أُخِذَ مِنْهُ.
Translation
✧ The dismissal of Khālid b. al-Walīd in the year seventeen Ibn Jarīr said: In this year Khālid b. al-Walīd and ʿIyāḍ b. Ghanm “adrabā,” meaning they took the road of the Byzantines and raided them, gaining great wealth and many captives. Then it is narrated by way of Sayf, from Abū ʿUthmān, Abū Ḥārithah, al-Rabīʿ, and Abū al-Mujālid, who said: When Khālid returned with abundant wealth from the summer expedition, people sought him out hoping for his gifts and bounty. Among those who went in to see him was al-Ashʿath b. Qays, and he gave him a gift of ten thousand. Khālid entered the bathhouse and rubbed himself with a wash that contained wine. ʿUmar wrote to him: “It has reached me that you rubbed yourself with wine. God has forbidden the outward and inward aspects of wine and even touching it, so do not let it touch your bodies.” Khālid wrote back to him: “We killed it, and it reverted to being a cleanser, not wine.” ʿUmar wrote to him: “The family of al-Mughīrah has been afflicted with coarseness; may God not cause you to die upon it.” When Khālid distributed the wealth among those who had sought him out, ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb heard of it—for nothing of his actions was hidden from him. ʿUmar summoned the courier and wrote with him to Abū ʿUbaydah, ordering him to make Khālid stand, remove his turban, take off his cap, bind him with his own turban, and ask him about these ten thousand: if he had given them to al-Ashʿath from his own wealth, it was extravagance; if from the wealth of the summer expedition, it was betrayal. Then he was to dismiss him from his post. Abū ʿUbaydah sought out Khālid. Abū ʿUbaydah ascended the pulpit, Khālid was made to stand before the pulpit, and Bilāl came up to him and did what ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb had commanded, he and the courier who had brought the letter. All the while Abū ʿUbaydah was silent, not speaking. Then Abū ʿUbaydah descended and apologized to Khālid for what had happened against his choice and will. Khālid excused him and understood that he had no intention in that. Then Khālid went to Qinnasrīn and addressed the people of the town and bade them farewell. He traveled with his family to Ḥimṣ, addressed them as well, and bade them farewell. Khālid b. al-Walīd’s arrival in Madinah He traveled to Madinah. When Khālid entered upon ʿUmar, ʿUmar recited the poet’s verse: “You acted, and no doer has acted as you have acted; whatever people do, God is the true Doer.” Then he asked him: “Where did this wealth come from, from which you give a gift of ten thousand?” He said: “From the anfāl and the shares.” He said: “Whatever exceeds the sixty thousand is yours.” Then he assessed his wealth and goods and took twenty thousand from him. Then he said: “By God, you are generous toward me, and you are beloved to me, but you will never again work for me in anything.” Sayf said with his chain from ʿAdī b. Sahl: ʿUmar wrote to the garrison towns: “I have not dismissed Khālid out of anger or betrayal, but the people were tempted by him, and I wanted them to know that God is the Doer, and that they should not be exposed to temptation.” And he compensated him for what had been taken from him.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.