Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1857
The caliphate of ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
فَتْحُ الْبِقَاعِ . ثُمَّ إِنَّ أَبَا عُبَيْدَةَ بَعَثَ خَالِدَ بْنَ الْوَلِيدِ إِلَى الْبِقَاعِ فَفَتَحَهُ بِالسَّيْفِ، وَبَعَثَ سَرِيَّةً فَالْتَقَوْا مَعَ الرُّومِ بِعَيْنِ مَيْسَنُونَ، وَعَلَى الرُّومِ رَجُلٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ: سِنَانٌ. تَحَدَّرَ عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ مِنْ عَقَبَةِ بَيْرُوتَ، فَقُتِلَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ يَوْمَئِذٍ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنَ الشُّهَدَاءِ، فَكَانُوا يُسَمُّونَ عَيْنَ مَيْسَنُونَ عَيْنَ الشُّهَدَاءِ. وَاسْتَخْلَفَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ عَلَى دِمَشْقَ يَزِيدَ بْنَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، كَمَا وَعَدَهُ بِهَا الصِّدِّيقُ، وَبَعَثَ يَزِيدُ دِحْيَةَ بْنَ خَلِيفَةَ إِلَى تَدْمُرَ فِي سَرِيَّةٍ لِيُمَهِّدُوا أَمْرَهَا، وَبَعَثَ أَبَا الزَّهْرَاءِ الْقُشَيْرِيَّ إِلَى الْبَثَنِيَّةِ وَحَوْرَانَ فَصَالَحَ أَهْلَهَا. قَالَ أَبُو عُبَيْدٍ الْقَاسِمُ بْنُ سَلَّامٍ، رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ: افْتَتَحَ خَالِدٌ دِمَشْقَ صُلْحًا، وَهَكَذَا سَائِرُ مُدُنِ الشَّامِ كَانَتْ صُلْحًا دُونَ أَرْضِهَا، فَعَلَى يَدَيْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ وَشُرَحْبِيلَ ابْنِ حَسَنَةَ وَأَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ. وَقَالَ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ: أَخْبَرَنِي غَيْرُ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ شُيُوخِ دِمَشْقَ أَنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بَيْنَمَا هُمْ عَلَى حِصَارِ دِمَشْقَ إِذْ أَقْبَلَتْ خَيْلٌ مِنْ عَقَبَةِ السَّلَمِيَّةِ مُخَمَّرَةٌ بِالْحَرِيرِ، فَثَارَ إِلَيْهِمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ، فَالْتَقَوْا فِيمَا بَيْنَ بَيْتِ لَهْيَا وَالْعَقَبَةِ الَّتِي أَقْبَلُوا مِنْهَا، فَهَزَمُوهُمْ وَطَرَدُوهُمْ إِلَى أَبْوَابِ حِمْصَ، فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَهْلُ حِمْصَ ذَلِكَ ظَنُّوا أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ فَتَحُوا دِمَشْقَ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَهْلُ حِمْصَ: إِنَّا نُصَالِحُكُمْ عَلَى مَا صَالَحْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَهْلَ دِمَشْقَ. فَفَعَلُوا. وَقَالَ خَلِيفَةُ بْنُ خَيَّاطٍ: حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: افْتَتَحَ شُرَحْبِيلُ ابْنُ حَسَنَةَ الْأُرْدُنَّ كُلَّهَا عَنْوَةً مَا خَلَا طَبَرِيَّةَ، فَإِنَّ أَهْلَهَا صَالَحُوهُ. وَهَكَذَا قَالَ ابْنُ الْكَلْبِيِّ. وَقَالَا: بَعَثَ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ خَالِدًا فَغَلَبَ عَلَى أَرْضِ الْبِقَاعِ وَصَالَحَهُ أَهَلُ بَعْلَبَكَّ وَكَتَبَ لَهُمْ كِتَابًا، وَقَالَ ابْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ: وَصَالَحَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْصَافِ مَنَازِلِهِمْ وَكَنَائِسِهِمْ، وَوَضْعِ الْخَرَاجِ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَغَيْرُهُ: وَفِي سَنَةِ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ فُتِحَتْ حِمْصُ وَبَعْلَبَكُّ صُلْحًا عَلَى يَدَيْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ فِي ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ. قَالَ خَلِيفَةُ: وَيُقَالُ فِي سَنَةِ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ.
Translation
✧ The Conquest of al-Biqāʿ. Then Abū ʿUbaydah dispatched Khālid b. al-Walīd to al-Biqāʿ, and he conquered it by the sword. He also sent a raiding party, and they met the Byzantines at ʿAyn Maysanūn, with the Byzantines commanded by a man called Sinān. He descended upon the Muslims from the pass of Beirut, and a group of martyrs from the Muslims was killed that day, so they called ʿAyn Maysanūn ʿAyn al-Shuhadāʾ. Abū ʿUbaydah appointed Yazīd b. Abī Sufyān as his deputy over Damascus, as al-Ṣiddīq had promised it to him, and Yazīd dispatched Diḥyah b. Khalīfah to Tadmur in a raiding party to pave the way for its affairs. He also sent Abū al-Zahrāʾ al-Qushayrī to al-Bathaniyyah and Ḥawrān, and he made peace with their people. Abū ʿUbayd al-Qāsim b. Sallām, may God have mercy on him, said: Khālid opened Damascus by treaty, and likewise the rest of the cities of Syria were by treaty without their land, at the hands of Yazīd b. Abī Sufyān, Shuraḥbīl b. Ḥasanah, and Abū ʿUbaydah. Al-Walīd b. Muslim said: More than one of the elders of Damascus informed me that while the Muslims were besieging Damascus, cavalry came from the pass of al-Salamiyyah, veiled in silk. The Muslims rose against them and met them between Bayt Lihyā and the pass from which they had come, and they defeated them and drove them to the gates of Homs. When the people of Homs saw that, they thought that the Muslims had conquered Damascus, so the people of Homs said to them: We will make peace with you on the same terms as you made peace with the people of Damascus. And they did so. Khalīfah b. Khayyāṭ said: ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Mughīrah narrated to me from his father, who said: Shuraḥbīl b. Ḥasanah conquered all of Jordan by force except Tiberias, for its people made peace with him. So said Ibn al-Kalbī likewise. They both said: Abū ʿUbaydah sent Khālid, and he took control of the land of al-Biqāʿ, and the people of Baʿlabakk made peace with him, and he wrote a document for them. Ibn al-Mughīrah said, from his father: He made peace with them on half of their houses and churches and the imposition of the kharāj. Ibn Isḥāq and others said: In the year 14 AH, Homs and Baʿlabakk were conquered by treaty at the hands of Abū ʿUbaydah in Dhū al-Qaʿdah. Khalīfah said: It is also said in the year 15 AH.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.