Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1833
The caliphate of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ᴿᴬ
وَقْعَةُ الْفِرَاضِ . ثُمَّ سَارَ خَالِدٌ بِمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إِلَى وَقْعَةِ الْفِرَاضِ وَهِيَ تُخُومُ الشَّامِ وَالْعِرَاقِ وَالْجَزِيرَةِ، فَأَقَامَ هُنَالِكَ شَهْرَ رَمَضَانَ مُفْطِرًا ; لِشُغْلِهِ بِالْأَعْدَاءِ، وَلَمَّا بَلَغَ الرُّومَ أَمْرُ خَالِدٍ وَمَصِيرُهُ إِلَى قُرْبِ بِلَادِهِمْ، حَمُوا وَغَضِبُوا وَجَمَعُوا جُمُوعًا كَثِيرَةً، وَاسْتَمَدُّوا تَغْلِبَ وَإِيَادًا وَالنَّمِرَ، ثُمَّ نَاهَدُوا خَالِدًا، فَحَالَتِ الْفُرَاتُ بَيْنَهُمْ، فَقَالَتِ الرُّومُ لِخَالِدٍ: اعْبُرْ إِلَيْنَا. وَقَالَ خَالِدٌ لِلرُّومِ: بَلِ اعْبُرُوا أَنْتُمْ. فَعَبَرَتِ الرُّومُ إِلَيْهِمْ، وَذَلِكَ لِلنِّصْفِ مِنْ ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ سَنَةَ ثِنْتَيْ عَشْرَةَ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا هُنَالِكَ قِتَالًا عَظِيمًا بَلِيغًا، ثُمَّ هَزَمَ اللَّهُ جُمُوعَ الرُّومِ، وَتَمَكَّنَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ أَقْفَائِهِمْ، فَقُتِلَ فِي هَذِهِ الْمَعْرَكَةِ مِائَةُ أَلْفٍ، وَأَقَامَ خَالِدٌ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِالْفِرَاضِ عَشَرَةَ أَيَّامٍ، ثُمَّ أَذِنَ بِالْقُفُولِ إِلَى الْحِيرَةِ، لِخَمْسٍ بَقِينَ مِنْ ذِي الْقِعْدَةِ. حجة خالد وَأَمَرَ عَاصِمَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو أَنْ يَسِيرَ فِي الْمُقَدِّمَةِ، وَأَمَرَ شَجَرَةَ بْنَ الْأَعَزِّ أَنْ يَسِيرَ فِي السَّاقَةِ، وَأَظْهَرَ خَالِدٌ أَنَّهُ يَسِيرُ فِي السَّاقَةِ، وَسَارَ خَالِدٌ فِي عِدَّةٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَقَصَدَ شَطْرَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ، وَسَارَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ فِي طَرِيقٍ لَمْ تُسْلَكْ قَبْلَهُ قَطُّ، وَتَأَتَّى لَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ أَمْرٌ لَمْ يَقَعْ لِغَيْرِهِ، فَجَعَلَ يَسِيرُ مُعْتَسِفًا عَلَى غَيْرِ جَادَّةٍ، حَتَّى انْتَهَى إِلَى مَكَّةَ فَأَدْرَكَ الْحَجَّ فِي هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ، ثُمَّ عَادَ فَأَدْرَكَ آخِرَ السَّاقَةِ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَصِلُوا إِلَى الْحِيرَةِ، وَلَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَحَدٌ بِحَجِّ خَالِدٍ هَذِهِ السَّنَةَ إِلَّا الْقَلِيلُ مِنَ النَّاسِ مِمَّنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ، وَلَمْ يَعْلَمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ بِذَلِكَ أَيْضًا إِلَّا بَعْدَمَا رَجَعَ أَهْلُ الْحَجِّ مِنَ الْمَوْسِمِ، فَبَعَثَ يَعْتِبُ عَلَيْهِ فِي مُفَارَقَتِهِ الْجَيْشَ، وَكَانَتْ عُقُوبَتَهُ عِنْدَهُ أَنْ صَرَفَهُ مِنْ غَزْوِ الْعِرَاقِ إِلَى غَزْوِ الشَّامِ، وَقَالَ لَهُ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ يَقُولُ لَهُ: وَإِنَّ الْجُمُوعَ لَمْ تَشْجُ بِعَوْنِ اللَّهِ شَجْيَكَ، فَلْيَهْنِكَ أَبَا سُلَيْمَانَ النِّيَّةُ وَالْحُظْوَةُ، فَأَتْمِمْ يُتَمِّمِ اللَّهُ لَكَ، وَلَا يَدْخُلَنَّكَ عُجْبٌ فَتَخْسَرَ وَتُخْذَلَ، وَإِيَّاكَ أَنْ تُدِلَّ بِعَمَلٍ، فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَهُ الْمَنُّ، وَهُوَ وَلِيُّ الْجَزَاءِ.
Translation
✧ The Battle of al-Firāḍ. Then Khālid marched with those Muslims who were with him to the Battle of al-Firāḍ, which lies on the borders of Syria, Iraq, and the Jazīrah. He stayed there during the month of Ramaḍān without fasting, because of his preoccupation with the enemies. When the Byzantines learned of Khālid's affair and his arrival near their lands, they became enraged and angry, gathered great multitudes, and sought reinforcements from Taghlib, Iyād, and al-Namir. Then they advanced against Khālid, but the Euphrates lay between them. The Byzantines said to Khālid: "Cross over to us." Khālid said to the Byzantines: "Rather, you cross over." So the Byzantines crossed over to them, and that was in the middle of Dhū al-Qiʿdah in the year twelve. They fought there a great and intense battle. Then God routed the Byzantine multitudes, and the Muslims gained mastery over their rear, so that in this battle one hundred thousand were killed. Khālid remained after that at al-Firāḍ for ten days, then gave permission to return to al-Ḥīrah, with five days remaining of Dhū al-Qiʿdah. Khālid's Pilgrimage He ordered ʿĀṣim b. ʿAmr to march in the vanguard, and ordered Shajarah b. al-Aʿazz to march in the rearguard. Khālid made it appear that he was marching in the rearguard, but he set out with a number of his companions, heading toward the Sacred Mosque, and traveled to Makkah by a route that had never been taken before. In that he achieved something that had not happened to anyone else. He traveled cross-country, off the beaten track, until he reached Makkah and performed the pilgrimage in that year. Then he returned and caught up with the end of the rearguard before they reached al-Ḥīrah. None knew of Khālid's pilgrimage that year except a few of the people who were with him, and Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq did not know of it either until after the pilgrims had returned from the season. Then he sent to reproach him for leaving the army. His punishment in his view was that he diverted him from the campaign in Iraq to the campaign in Syria. In what he wrote to him, he said: "The multitudes, by God's help, have not choked you as you choked them. So rejoice, Abū Sulaymān, in the intention and the good fortune. Complete your task and God will complete His favor upon you. Let no self-conceit enter you, lest you lose and be forsaken. Beware of boasting of your deeds, for to God belongs the favor, and He is the guardian of reward."
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.