Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1829
The caliphate of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ᴿᴬ
وَقْعَةُ عَيْنِ التَّمْرِ . لَمَّا اسْتَقَلَّ خَالِدٌ بِالْأَنْبَارِ اسْتَنَابَ عَلَيْهَا الزِّبْرِقَانَ بْنَ بَدْرٍ وَقَصَدَ عَيْنَ التَّمْرِ وَبِهَا يَوْمَئِذٍ مِهْرَانُ بْنُ بَهْرَامَ جُوبِينَ فِي جَمْعٍ عَظِيمٍ مِنَ الْعَجَمِ، وَحَوْلَهُمْ مِنَ الْأَعْرَابِ طَوَائِفُ مِنَ النَّمِرِ وَتَغْلِبَ وَإِيَادٍ وَمَنْ لَاقَاهُمْ، وَعَلَيْهِمْ عَقَّةُ بْنُ أَبِي عَقَّةَ، فَلَمَّا دَنَا خَالِدٌ، قَالَ عَقَّةُ لِمِهْرَانَ: إِنَّ الْعَرَبَ أَعْلَمُ بِقِتَالِ الْعَرَبِ، فَدَعْنَا وَخَالِدًا. فَقَالَ لَهُ: دُونَكُمْ وَإِيَّاهُمْ، وَإِنِ احْتَجْتُمْ إِلَيْنَا أَعَنَّاكُمْ. فَلَامَتِ الْعَجَمُ أَمِيرَهُمْ عَلَى هَذَا، فَقَالَ: دَعُوهُمْ، فَإِنْ غَلَبُوا خَالِدًا فَهُوَ لَكُمْ، وَإِنْ غُلِبُوا قَاتَلْنَا خَالِدًا وَقَدْ ضَعُفُوا وَنَحْنُ أَقْوِيَاءُ. فَاعْتَرَفُوا لَهُ بِفَضْلِ الرَّأْيِ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَسَارَ خَالِدٌ وَتَلَقَّاهُ عَقَّةُ، فَلَمَّا تَوَاجَهُوا قَالَ خَالِدٌ لِمُجَنِّبَتَيْهِ: احْفَظُوا مَكَانَكُمْ فَإِنِّي حَامِلٌ. وَأَمَرَ حُمَاتَهُ أَنْ يَكُونُوا مِنْ وَرَائِهِ، وَحَمَلَ عَلَى عَقَّةَ وَهُوَ يُسَوِّي الصُّفُوفَ، فَاحْتَضَنَهُ وَأَسَرَهُ، وَانْهَزَمَ جَيْشُ عَقَّةَ مِنْ غَيْرِ قِتَالٍ، فَأَكْثَرُوا فِيهِمُ الْأَسْرَ، وَقَصَدَ خَالِدٌ حِصْنَ عَيْنِ التَّمْرِ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ مِهْرَانَ هَزِيمَةُ عَقَّةَ وَجَيْشِهِ، نَزَلَ مِنَ الْحِصْنِ وَهَرَبَ وَتَرَكَهُ، وَرَجَعَتْ فُلَّالُ نَصَارَى الْأَعْرَابِ إِلَى الْحِصْنِ، فَوَجَدُوهُ مَفْتُوحًا فَدَخَلُوهُ وَاحْتَمَوْا بِهِ، فَجَاءَ خَالِدٌ فَأَحَاطَ بِهِ، وَحَاصَرَهُمْ أَشَدَّ الْحِصَارِ، فَلَمَّا رَأَوْا ذَلِكَ سَأَلُوهُ الصُّلْحَ، فَأَبَى إِلَّا أَنْ يَنْزِلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِهِ، فَنَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِ خَالِدٍ، فَجُعِلُوا فِي السَّلَاسِلِ وَتَسَلَّمَ الْحِصْنَ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ فَضُرِبَتْ عُنُقُ عَقَّةَ، وَمَنْ كَانَ أُسِرَ مَعَهُ، وَالَّذِينَ نَزَلُوا عَلَى حُكْمِهِ أَيْضًا أَجْمَعِينَ، وَغَنِمَ جَمِيعَ مَا كَانَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْحِصْنِ، وَوَجَدَ فِي الْكَنِيسَةِ الَّتِي بِهِ أَرْبَعِينَ غُلَامًا يَتَعَلَّمُونَ الْإِنْجِيلَ، وَعَلَيْهِمْ بَابٌ مُغْلَقٌ، فَكَسَرَهُ خَالِدٌ وَفَرَّقَهُمْ فِي الْأُمَرَاءِ وَأَهْلِ الْغَنَاءِ، وَكَانَ فِيهِمْ حُمْرَانُ، صَارَ إِلَى عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ مِنَ الْخُمُسِ، وَمِنْهُمْ سِيرِينُ وَالِدُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، أَخَذَهُ أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ، وَجَمَاعَةٌ آخَرُونَ مِنَ الْمَوَالِي الْمَشَاهِيرِ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهِمْ وَبِذَرَارِيِّهِمْ خَيْرًا. وَلَمَّا قَدِمَ الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عُقْبَةَ عَلَى الصِّدِّيقِ بِالْخُمُسِ رَدَّهُ الصِّدِّيقُ إِلَى عِيَاضِ بْنِ غَنْمٍ مَدَدًا لَهُ وَهُوَ مُحَاصِرٌ دُومَةَ الْجَنْدَلِ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ عَلَيْهِ وَجَدَهُ فِي نَاحِيَةٍ مِنَ الْعِرَاقِ يُحَاصِرُ قَوْمًا وَهُمْ قَدْ أَخَذُوا عَلَيْهِ الطُّرُقَ، فَهُوَ مَحْصُورٌ أَيْضًا، فَقَالَ عِيَاضٌ لِلْوَلِيدِ: إِنَّ بَعْضَ الرَّأْيِ خَيْرٌ مِنْ جَيْشٍ كَثِيفٍ، مَاذَا تَرَى فِيمَا نَحْنُ فِيهِ ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ الْوَلِيدُ: اكْتُبْ إِلَى خَالِدٍ يُمِدُّكَ بِجَيْشٍ مِنْ عِنْدِهِ. فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ يَسْتَمِدُّهُ فَقَدِمَ كِتَابُهُ عَلَى خَالِدٍ غِبَّ وَقْعَةِ عَيْنِ التَّمْرِ وَهُوَ يَسْتَغِيثُ بِهِ، فَكَتَبَ إِلَيْهِ: مِنْ خَالِدٍ إِلَى عِيَاضٍ، إِيَّاكَ أُرِيدُ لَبِّثْ قَلِيلًا تَأْتِكَ الْحَلَائِبُ يَحْمِلْنَ آسَادًا عَلَيْهَا الْقَاشِبُ كَتَائِبٌ تَتْبَعُهَا كَتَائِبُ
Translation
✧ The Battle of ʿAyn al-Tamr. When Khālid took full possession of al-Anbār, he appointed al-Zibriqān b. Badr as his deputy over it and headed for ʿAyn al-Tamr. There at that time was Mihrān b. Bahrām Jūbīn with a great gathering of Persians, and around them were groups of Bedouin Arabs from Namir, Taghlib, and Iyād and those who joined them, commanded by ʿAqqah b. Abī ʿAqqah. When Khālid drew near, ʿAqqah said to Mihrān, "The Arabs know best how to fight the Arabs, so leave us to deal with Khālid." Mihrān replied, "You take charge of facing them, and if you need us we will help you." The Persians blamed their commander for this, but he said, "Leave them. If they defeat Khālid, that is in your favor; if they are defeated, we will fight Khālid after they have been weakened, while we are strong." They acknowledged his superior judgment. Khālid advanced, and ʿAqqah went out to meet him. When they faced each other, Khālid said to his two flanking wings, "Hold your positions, for I am charging." He ordered his champions to be behind him, then charged at ʿAqqah while he was straightening the ranks. He seized him and took him captive, and ʿAqqah's army fled without fighting. They took many of them prisoner. Khālid then headed for the fortress of ʿAyn al-Tamr. When news of the defeat of ʿAqqah and his army reached Mihrān, he came down from the fortress and fled, abandoning it. The remnants of the Christian Bedouin Arabs returned to the fortress, found it open, entered it, and fortified themselves inside. Khālid arrived, surrounded it, and besieged them with a severe siege. When they saw that, they asked him for peace, but he refused unless they surrendered to his judgment. So they surrendered to Khālid's judgment. They were put in chains, and he took possession of the fortress. Then he ordered that the neck of ʿAqqah and all those captured with him be struck, along with all those who had surrendered to his judgment. He took as booty everything in that fortress. He found in the church there forty youths who were learning the Gospel, with a locked door upon them. Khālid broke it open and distributed them among the commanders and men of merit. Among them was Ḥumrān, who came to ʿUthmān b. ʿAffān from the fifth share. Among them was Sīrīn, the father of Muḥammad b. Sīrīn, whom Anas b. Mālik took, along with a group of other famous mawālī for whom God willed good, for them and their descendants. When al-Walīd b. ʿUqbah came to al-Ṣiddīq with the fifth share, al-Ṣiddīq sent him back to ʿIyāḍ b. Ghanm as reinforcement for him while he was besieging Dūmat al-Jandal. When he arrived, he found him in a region of Iraq besieging a people who had cut off the roads against him, so he was also under siege. ʿIyāḍ said to al-Walīd, "Sometimes judgment is better than a large army. What do you think about our situation?" Al-Walīd replied, "Write to Khālid to send you an army from his forces." So he wrote to him requesting reinforcement. His letter reached Khālid after the battle of ʿAyn al-Tamr, while he was seeking help from him. Khālid wrote back to him: 'From Khālid to ʿIyāḍ, it is you I intend: Wait a little; the milch-camels will come to you, carrying lions upon them, clad in armor, Battalions followed by battalions.'
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.