Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1827
The caliphate of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ᴿᴬ
فَصْلٌ خَالِدٌ يُحَاصِرُ الْخَوَرْنَقَ وَالسَّدِيرَ وَالنَّجَفَ . ثُمَّ سَارَ خَالِدٌ فَنَزَلَ الْخَوَرْنَقَ وَالسَّدِيرَ وَالنَّجَفَ، وَبَثَّ سَرَايَاهُ هَا هُنَا وَهَا هُنَا، يُحَاصِرُونَ الْحُصُونَ مِنَ الْحِيرَةِ، وَيَسْتَنْزِلُونَ أَهْلَهَا قَسْرًا وَقَهْرًا، وَصُلْحًا وَيُسْرًا، وَكَانَ فِي جُمْلَةِ مَنْ نَزَلَ بِالصُّلْحِ قَوْمٌ مِنْ نَصَارَى الْعَرَبِ، فِيهِمُ ابْنُ بُقَيْلَةَ الْمُتَقَدِّمُ ذِكْرُهُ، وَكَتَبَ لِأَهْلِ الْحِيرَةِ كِتَابَ أَمَانٍ، فَكَانَ الَّذِي رَاوَضَهُ عَلَيْهِ عَمْرُو بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمَسِيحِ بْنِ بُقَيْلَةَ. وَقَالَ سَيْفُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ: لَمَّا افْتَتَحَ خَالِدٌ الْحِيرَةَ صَلَّى ثَمَانِيَ رَكَعَاتٍ بِتَسْلِيمَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ. وَقَدْ قَالَ الْقَعْقَاعُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو فِي هَذِهِ الْأَيَّامِ وَمَنْ قُتِلَ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بِهَا وَأَيَّامِ الرِّدَّةِ: سَقَى اللَّهُ قَتْلَى بِالْفُرَاتِ مُقِيمَةً وَأُخْرَى بِأَثْبَاجِ النِّجَافِ الْكَوَانِفِ وَنَحْنُ وَطِئْنَا بِالْكَوَاظِمِ هُرْمُزًا وَبِالثِّنْيِ قَرْنَيْ قَارَنٍ بَالْجَوَارِفِ وَيَوْمَ أَحَطْنَا بِالْقُصُورِ تَتَابَعَتْ عَلَى الْحِيرَةِ الرَّوْحَاءُ إِحْدَى الْمَصَارِفِ حَطَطْنَاهُمُ مِنْهَا وَقَدْ كَانَ عَرْشُهُمْ يَمِيلُ بِهِمْ فِعْلَ الْجَبَانِ الْمُخَالِفِ رَمَيْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ بِالْقَبُولِ وَقَدْ رَأَوْا غَبُوقَ الْمَنَايَا حَوْلَ تِلْكَ الْمَحَارِفِ صَبِيحَةَ قَالُوا نَحْنُ قَوْمٌ تَنَزَّلُوا إِلَى الرِّيفِ مِنْ أَرْضِ الْعُرَيْبِ الْمَقَانِفِ صلح ابن صلويا خالدا على بانقيا وباروسما وما حولها قَالَ سَيْفٌ بِأَسَانِيدِهِ: ثُمَّ جَاءَ ابْنُ صَلُوبَا فَصَالَحَ خَالِدًا عَلَى بَانِقْيَا وَبَارُوسْمَا وَمَا حَوْلَ ذَلِكَ عَلَى عَشَرَةِ آلَافِ دِينَارٍ، وَجَاءَهُ دَهَاقِينُ تِلْكَ الْبِلَادِ فَصَالَحُوهُ عَلَى بُلْدَانِهِمْ وَأَهَالِيهِمْ، كَمَا صَالَحَ أَهْلُ الْحِيرَةِ عَلَى الْحِيرَةِ، وَاتَّفَقَ فِي تِلْكَ الْأَيَّامِ - الَّتِي كَانَ خَالِدٌ قَدْ تَمَكَّنَ بِأَطْرَافِ الْعِرَاقِ، وَاسْتَحْوَذَ عَلَى الْحِيرَةِ وَتِلْكَ الْبُلْدَانِ وَأَوْقَعَ بِأَهْلِ أُلَّيْسٍ وَالثِّنْيِ وَمَا بَعْدَهَا بِفَارِسَ وَمَنْ تَأَشَّبَ مَعَهُمْ، مَا أَوْقَعَ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ الْفَظِيعِ فِي فُرْسَانِهِمْ - أَنْ عَدَتْ فَارِسُ عَلَى مَلِكِهِمُ الْأَكْبَرِ أَرْدَشِيرَ وَابْنِهِ شِيرَى، فَقَتَلُوهُمَا وَقَتَلُوا كُلَّ مَنْ يَنْتَسِبُ إِلَيْهِمَا، وَبَقِيَتِ الْفُرْسُ حَائِرِينَ لِمَنْ يُوَلُّونَهُ أَمْرَهُمْ ؟ وَاخْتَلَفُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ، غَيْرَ أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ جَهَّزُوا جُيُوشًا تَكُونُ حَائِلَةً بَيْنَ خَالِدٍ وَبَيْنَ الْمَدَائِنِ الَّتِي فِيهَا إِيوَانُ كِسْرَى وَسَرِيرُ مَمْلَكَتِهِ، فَحِينَئِذٍ كَتَبَ خَالِدٌ إِلَى مَنْ هُنَالِكَ مِنَ الْمَرَازِبَةِ وَالْأُمَرَاءِ وَالْوُزَرَاءِ وَالدَّوْلَةِ، يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَإِلَى الدُّخُولِ فِي دِينِ الْإِسْلَامِ ; لِيَثْبُتَ مُلْكُهُمْ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَإِلَّا فَلْيَدْفَعُوا الْجِزْيَةَ، وَإِلَّا فَلْيَعْلَمُوا وَلْيَسْتَعِدُّوا لِقُدُومِهِ عَلَيْهِمْ بِقَوْمٍ يُحِبُّونَ الْمَوْتَ كَمَا يُحِبُّونَ هُمُ الْحَيَاةَ، فَجَعَلُوا يَعْجَبُونَ مِنْ جُرْأَةِ خَالِدٍ وَشَجَاعَتِهِ، وَيَسْخَرُونَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ لِحَمَاقَتِهِمْ وَرُعُونَةٍ بِهِمْ فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ، وَقَدْ أَقَامَ خَالِدٌ هُنَالِكَ بَعْدَ صُلْحِ الْحِيرَةِ سَنَةً يَتَرَدَّدُ فِي بِلَادِ فَارِسَ هَا هُنَا وَهَا هُنَا، وَيُوقِعُ بِأَهْلِهَا مِنَ الْبَأْسِ الشَّدِيدِ، وَالسَّطْوَةِ الْبَاهِرَةِ، مَا يُبْهِرُ الْأَبْصَارَ لِمَنْ شَاهَدَ ذَلِكَ، وَيُشَنِّفُ أَسْمَاعَ مَنْ بَلَغَهُ ذَلِكَ، وَيُحَيِّرُ الْعُقُولَ لِمَنْ تَدَبَّرَهُ.
Translation
✧ Section: Khālid besieges al-Khawarnaq, al-Sadīr, and al-Najaf. Then Khālid marched and encamped at al-Khawarnaq, al-Sadīr, and al-Najaf, and dispatched his raiding parties here and there, besieging the fortresses of al-Ḥīrah and bringing down their inhabitants by force and compulsion, and by peace and ease. Among those who came down by peace were a group of Arab Christians, among them Ibn Buqaylah, whose mention has preceded, and he wrote for the people of al-Ḥīrah a writ of protection. The one who negotiated it with him was ʿAmr b. ʿAbd al-Masīḥ b. Buqaylah. Sayf b. ʿUmar said, from ʿAmr b. Muḥammad, from al-Shaʿbī: When Khālid conquered al-Ḥīrah, he prayed eight rakʿahs with one taslīmah. Al-Qaʿqāʿ b. ʿAmr said in these days, and concerning those of the Muslims killed there and in the days of the Riddah: May God water the slain by the Euphrates, abiding there, and others at the slopes of al-Najaf, the surrounding hills; we trampled at al-Kawāẓim Hurmuz, and at al-Thinī the two horns of Qārin with the sweeping torrents; and the day we surrounded the palaces, there followed in succession upon al-Ḥīrah al-Rawḥāʾ, one of the diversions; we brought them down from it, though their throne had been swaying with them like the act of a cowardly opposer; we cast upon them with acceptance, and they had seen the evening draught of fates around those fields; on the morning they said: We are a people who have descended to the riverbank from the land of the enclosed Arabs. The peace of Ibn Ṣalūbā with Khālid over Bāniqyā and Bārūsmā and what surrounds them Sayf said with his chains of transmission: Then Ibn Ṣalūbā came and made peace with Khālid over Bāniqyā and Bārūsmā and what surrounds that, for ten thousand dīnārs. And the village headmen of those lands came to him and made peace with him over their towns and their people, just as the people of al-Ḥīrah made peace over al-Ḥīrah. And it happened in those days—when Khālid had established himself in the outskirts of Iraq, and taken possession of al-Ḥīrah and those towns, and inflicted upon the people of Ullays and al-Thinī and what was beyond them, and upon the Persians and those who gathered with them, the terrible slaughter he inflicted upon their horsemen—that the Persians rebelled against their supreme king Ardashīr and his son Shīrā, and killed them both, and killed everyone who traced lineage to them. The Persians remained bewildered as to whom they should entrust their affairs, and they differed among themselves, except that they had equipped armies to stand as a barrier between Khālid and al-Madāʾin, in which was the īwān of Kisrā and the throne of his kingdom. Then Khālid wrote to the border lords, commanders, ministers, and officials there, calling them to God and to entering the religion of Islam, so that their kingship might remain established over them; otherwise let them pay the jizyah; otherwise let them know and prepare for his coming upon them with people who love death as they love life. They began to marvel at Khālid's boldness and courage, and to mock that because of their own foolishness and their conceited opinion of themselves. Khālid remained there for a year after the peace of al-Ḥīrah, going back and forth in the lands of Persia here and there, inflicting upon their people such severe might and dazzling power as dazzles the eyes of whoever witnessed it, delights the ears of whoever it reached, and bewilders the minds of whoever reflects upon it.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.