Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1822
The caliphate of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ᴿᴬ
ثُمَّ كَانَتْ وَقْعَةُ الْمَذَارِ فِي صَفَرٍ مِنْ هَذِهِ السَّنَةِ. وَيُقَالُ لَهَا: وَقْعَةُ الثَّنْيِ. وَهُوَ النَّهْرُ. قَالَ ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ: وَيَوْمَئِذٍ قَالَ النَّاسُ: صَفَرُ الْأَصْفَارِ، فِيهِ يُقْتَلُ كُلُّ جَبَّارٍ، عَلَى مَجْمَعِ الْأَنْهَارِ. وَكَانَ سَبَبَهَا أَنَّ هُرْمُزَ كَانَ قَدْ كَتَبَ إِلَى أَرْدَشِيرَ وَشِيرَى بِقَدُومِ خَالِدٍ نَحْوَهُ مِنَ الْيَمَامَةِ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ كِسْرَى بِمَدَدٍ مَعَ أَمِيرٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ: قَارَنُ بْنُ قِرْيَانِسَ. فَلَمْ يَصِلْ إِلَى هُرْمُزَ حَتَّى كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِهِ مَعَ خَالِدٍ مَا تَقَدَّمَ، وَفَرَّ مَنْ فَرَّ مِنَ الْفُرْسِ، فَتَلَقَّاهُمْ قَارَنُ، فَالْتَفُّوا عَلَيْهِ فَتَذَامَرُوا وَاتَّفَقُوا عَلَى الْعَوْدِ إِلَى خَالِدٍ، فَسَارُوا إِلَى مَوْضِعٍ يُقَالُ لَهُ: الْمَذَارُ. وَعَلَى مُجَنِّبَتَيْ قَارَنَ قُبَاذُ وَأَنُوشَجَانُ، فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى الْخَبَرُ إِلَى خَالِدٍ، قَسَمَ مَا كَانَ مَعَهُ مِنْ أَرْبَعَةِ أَخْمَاسٍ غَنِيمَةً يَوْمَ ذَاتِ السَّلَاسِلِ، وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى الصِّدِّيقِ بِخَبَرِهِ مَعَ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ، وَسَارَ خَالِدٌ بِمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنَ الْجُيُوشِ حَتَّى نَزَلَ عَلَى الْمَذَارِ، وَهُوَ عَلَى تَعْبِئَتِهِ، فَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالَ حَنَقٍ وَحَفِيظَةٍ، وَخَرَجَ قَارَنُ يَدْعُو إِلَى الْبِرَازِ، فَبَرَزَ إِلَيْهِ خَالِدٌ، وَابْتَدَرَهُ الشُّجْعَانُ مِنَ الْأُمَرَاءِ، فَقَتَلَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ الْأَعْشَى بْنِ النَّبَّاشِ قَارَنَ، وَقَتَلَ عَدِيُّ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ قُبَاذَ، وَقَتَلَ عَاصِمٌ أَنُوشَجَانَ، وَفَّرَّتِ الْفُرْسُ، وَرَكِبَهُمُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فِي ظُهُورِهِمْ، فَقَتَلُوا مِنْهُمْ يَوْمَئِذٍ ثَلَاثِينَ أَلْفًا، وَغَرِقَ كَثِيرٌ مِنْهُمْ فِي الْأَنْهَارِ وَالْمِيَاهِ، وَأَقَامَ خَالِدٌ بِالْمَذَارِ، وَسَلَّمَ الْأَسْلَابَ إِلَى مَنْ قَتَلَ - وَكَانَ قَارَنُ قَدِ انْتَهَى شَرَفُهُ فِي أَبْنَاءِ فَارِسَ - وَجَمَعَ بَقِيَّةَ الْغَنِيمَةِ وَخَمَّسَهَا، وَبَعَثَ بِالْخُمُسِ وَالْفَتْحِ وَالْبِشَارَةِ إِلَى الصِّدِّيقِ، مَعَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ النُّعْمَانِ، أَخِي بَنِي عَدِيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ، وَأَقَامَ خَالِدٌ هُنَاكَ حَتَّى قَسَمَ أَرْبَعَةَ الْأَخْمَاسِ وَسَبَى ذَرَارِيَّ مَنْ حَضَرَهُ مِنَ الْمُقَاتِلَةِ، دُونَ الْفَلَّاحِينَ ; فَإِنَّهُ أَقَرَّهُمْ بِالْجِزْيَةِ، وَكَانَ فِي هَذَا السَّبْيِ حَبِيبٌ أَبُو الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيُّ، وَكَانَ نَصْرَانِيًّا، وَمَافِنَّةُ مَوْلَى عُثْمَانَ، وَأَبُو زِيَادٍ مَوْلَى الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ شُعْبَةَ. ثُمَّ أَمَّرَ عَلَى الْجُنْدِ سَعِيدَ بْنَ النُّعْمَانِ وَعَلَى الْجِزْيَةِ سُوَيْدَ بْنَ مُقَرِّنٍ، وَأَمَرَهُ أَنْ يَنْزِلَ الْحَفِيرَ ; لِيَجْبِيَ إِلَيْهِ الْأَمْوَالَ، وَأَقَامَ خَالِدٌ يَتَحَسَّسُ الْأَخْبَارَ عَنِ الْأَعْدَاءِ.
Translation
✧ Then the Battle of al-Madhār took place in Ṣafar of this year. It is also called the Battle of al-Thanī — that is, the canal. Ibn Jarīr said: On that day the people said: 'Ṣafar of the Ṣafars, in it every tyrant is slain, at the confluence of the rivers.' Its cause was that Hurmuz had written to Ardashīr and Shīrā of the approach of Khālid toward him from al-Yamāmah, so Kisrā sent him reinforcements under a commander named Qāran b. Qiryānis. He did not reach Hurmuz until what had happened between Hurmuz and Khālid had already occurred, and those of the Persians who fled met Qāran and gathered around him. They encouraged one another and agreed to return against Khālid, so they marched to a place called al-Madhār. On Qāran's two flanks were Qubādh and Anūshajān. When the news reached Khālid, he divided the four-fifths of the spoils that were with him from the Day of Dhāt al-Salāsil, and he sent news of it to al-Ṣiddīq with al-Walīd b. ʿUqbah. Khālid marched with the armies that were with him until he encamped at al-Madhār, maintaining his battle order. They fought a battle of rage and vengeance. Qāran came out calling for single combat, and Khālid went out to meet him, but the brave commanders rushed ahead of him. Maʿqil b. al-Aʿshā b. al-Nabbāsh killed Qāran, ʿAdī b. Ḥātim killed Qubādh, and ʿĀṣim killed Anūshajān. The Persians fled, and the Muslims pursued them on their heels, killing thirty thousand of them that day, while many of them drowned in the canals and waters. Khālid stayed at al-Madhār and handed over the spoils of the slain to those who had killed them — Qāran's nobility had reached its height among the sons of Persia — and he gathered the rest of the booty and took a fifth of it. He sent the fifth, the news of the victory, and the glad tidings to al-Ṣiddīq with Saʿīd b. al-Nuʿmān, brother of Banū ʿAdī b. Kaʿb. Khālid remained there until he divided the four-fifths and took captive the children of the combatants who were present, but not the peasants, for he confirmed them in the payment of the jizyah. Among those captives were Ḥabīb Abū al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī, who was a Christian, Māfinna the mawlā of ʿUthmān, and Abū Ziyād the mawlā of al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah. Then he appointed Saʿīd b. al-Nuʿmān over the army and Suwayd b. Muqarrin over the collection of the jizyah, and he ordered him to encamp at al-Ḥafīr to gather the revenues there. Khālid remained, seeking news of the enemy.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.