Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1808
The caliphate of Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq ᴿᴬ
قِتَالُ خَالِدٍ فِي بُزَاخَةَ كَانَ قَدِ اجْتَمَعَ طَائِفَةٌ كَثِيرَةٌ مِنَ الْفُلَّالِ يَوْمَ بُزَاخَةَ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ طُلَيْحَةَ مِنْ بَنِي غَطَفَانَ، فَاجْتَمَعُوا إِلَى امْرَأَةٍ يُقَالُ لَهَا: أُمُّ زِمْلٍ سَلْمَى بِنْتُ مَالِكِ بْنِ حُذَيْفَةَ. وَكَانَتْ مِنْ سَيِّدَاتِ الْعَرَبِ، كَأُمِّهَا أُمِّ قِرْفَةَ، وَكَانَ يُضْرَبُ بِأُمِّهَا الْمَثَلُ فِي الشَّرَفِ ; لِكَثْرَةِ أَوْلَادِهَا وَعِزَّةِ قَبِيلَتِهَا وَبَيْتِهَا، فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعُوا إِلَيْهَا ذَمَرَتْهُمْ لِقِتَالِ خَالِدٍ، فَهَاجُوا لِذَلِكَ، وَتَأَشَّبَ إِلَيْهِمْ آخَرُونَ مِنْ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ وَطَيِّئٍ وَهَوَازِنَ وَأَسَدٍ، فَصَارُوا جَيْشًا كَثِيفًا، وَتَفَحَّلَ أَمْرُ هَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةِ، فَلَمَّا سَمِعَ بِهِمْ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ سَارَ إِلَيْهِمْ، وَاقْتَتَلُوا قِتَالًا شَدِيدًا، وَهِيَ رَاكِبَةٌ عَلَى جَمَلِ أُمِّهَا الَّذِي كَانَ يُقَالُ: مَنْ نَخَسَ جَمَلَهَا فَلَهُ مِائَةٌ مِنَ الْإِبِلِ. وَذَلِكَ لِعِزِّهَا، فَهَزَمَهُمْ خَالِدٌ وَعَقَرَ جَمَلَهَا وَقَتَلَهَا، وَبَعَثَ بِالْفَتْحِ إِلَى الصِّدِّيقِ، ؓ. ذِكْرُ رِدَّةِ بَنِي عَامِرٍ وَهَوَازِنَ وَسُلَيْمٍ وَكَانَتْ بَنُو عَامِرٍ تُقَدِّمُ إِلَى الرِّدَّةِ رِجْلًا وَتُؤَخِّرُ أُخْرَى، وَتَنْظُرُ مَا تَصْنَعُ أَسَدٌ وَغَطَفَانُ، فَلَمَّا أُحِيطَ بِهِمْ وَبَنُو عَامِرٍ عَلَى قَادَتِهِمْ وَسَادَتِهِمْ - كَانَ قُرَّةُ بْنُ هُبَيْرَةَ فِي كَعْبٍ وَمَنْ لَافَّهَا، وَعَلْقَمَةُ بْنُ عُلَاثَةَ فِي كِلَابٍ وَمَنْ لَافَّهَا، وَكَانَ أَسْلَمَ ثُمَّ ارْتَدَّ فِي زَمَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَلَحِقَ بِالشَّامِ بَعْدَ فَتْحِ الطَّائِفِ، فَلَمَّا تُوُفِّيَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَقْبَلَ مُسْرِعًا حَتَّى عَسْكَرَ فِي بَنِي كَعْبٍ. فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ، فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ سَرِيَّةً عَلَيْهَا الْقَعْقَاعُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو، وَقِيلَ: بَلْ قَعْقَاعُ بْنُ سَوْرٍ، وَقَالَ لَهُ لِيُغِيرَ عَلَى عَلْقَمَةَ لَعَلَّهُ يَقْتُلُهُ أَوْ يَسْتَأْسِرُهُ. فَخَرَجَ حَتَّى أَغَارَ عَلَى الْمَاءِ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ عَلْقَمَةُ، وَكَانَ لَا يَبْرَحُ إِلَّا مُسْتَعِدًّا، فَسَابَقَهُمْ عَلَى فَرَسِهِ فَسَبَقَهُمْ، وَأَسْلَمَ أَهْلُهُ وَوَلَدُهُ، وَأَخَذَهُمُ الْقَعْقَاعُ وَقَدِمَ بِهِمْ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَجَحَدُوا أَنْ يَكُونُوا عَلَى حَالِ عَلْقَمَةَ، وَلَمْ يَبْلُغْ أَبَا بَكْرٍ عَنْهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ فَارَقُوا دَارَهُمْ، وَقَالُوا لَهُ: مَا ذَنْبُنَا فِيمَا صَنَعَ عَلْقَمَةُ ؟ فَأَرْسَلَهُمْ. ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ، فَقُبِلَ ذَلِكَ مِنْهُ. وَأَقْبَلَتْ بَنُو عَامِرٍ بَعْدَ هَزِيمَةِ أَهْلِ بُزَاخَةَ يَقُولُونَ: نَدْخُلُ فِيمَا خَرَجْنَا مِنْهُ، وَنُؤْمِنُ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، وَأَتَوْا خَالِدًا فَبَايَعَهُمْ عَلَى مَا بَايَعَ أَهْلَ بُزَاخَةَ، وَأَعْطَوْهُ بِأَيْدِيهِمْ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، وَكَانَتْ بَيْعَتُهُ: عَلَيْكُمْ عَهْدُ اللَّهِ وَمِيثَاقُهُ لَتُؤْمِنُنَّ بِاللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ، وَلَتُقِيمُنَّ الصَّلَاةَ، وَلَتُؤْتُنَّ الزَّكَاةَ، وَتُبَايِعُونَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ أَبْنَاءَكُمْ وَنِسَاءَكُمْ. فَيَقُولُونَ: نَعَمْ وَلَمْ يَقْبَلْ مِنْ أَحَدٍ مِنْ أَسَدٍ، وَغَطَفَانَ، وَطَيِّئٍ، وَسُلَيْمٍ، وَعَامِرٍ - إِلَّا أَنْ يَأْتُوهُ بِالَّذِينَ حَرَّقُوا وَمَثَّلُوا وَعَدَوْا عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فِي حَالِ رِدَّتِهِمْ، فَأَتَوْهُ بِهِمْ، فَمَثَّلَ بِهِمْ وَحَرَّقَهُمْ وَرَضَخَهُمْ بِالْحِجَارَةِ، وَرَمَى بِهِمْ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ، وَنَكَّسَهُمْ فِي الْآبَارِ، وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ يُعْلِمُهُ مَا فَعَلَ، وَأَرْسَلَ إِلَيْهِ قُرَّةَ بْنَ هُبَيْرَةَ وَنَفَرًا مَعَهُ مُوَثَّقِينَ، وَزُهَيْرًا أَيْضًا.
Translation
✧ Khālid’s fighting at Buzākhah A large party of the fugitives from the day of Buzākhah, from among the companions of Ṭulayḥah of Banū Ghaṭafān, had gathered. They gathered around a woman called Umm Ziml Salmā bt. Mālik b. Ḥudhayfah. She was one of the noblewomen of the Arabs, like her mother Umm Qirfah. Her mother was proverbial for nobility, because of her many children, the might of her tribe, and her household. When they gathered around her, she incited them to fight Khālid, and they were stirred up for that. Others from Banū Sulaym, Ṭayyiʾ, Hawāzin, and Asad joined them, and they became a dense army. The affair of this woman became formidable. When Khālid b. al-Walīd heard of them, he marched against them, and they fought a severe battle. She was riding on her mother’s camel, about which it used to be said: ‘Whoever goads her camel shall have a hundred camels,’ because of her prestige. Khālid defeated them, hamstrung her camel, and killed her. He sent news of the victory to al-Ṣiddīq, ؓ. The apostasy of Banū ʿĀmir, Hawāzin, and Sulaym Banū ʿĀmir were putting forward one foot toward apostasy and holding back the other, watching what Asad and Ghaṭafān would do. When those were surrounded, Banū ʿĀmir were under their leaders and chiefs: Qurrah b. Hubayrah among Kaʿb and those attached to them, and ʿAlqamah b. ʿUlāthah among Kilāb and those attached to them. He had become Muslim, then apostatized during the time of the Prophet ﷺ and joined al-Shām after the conquest of al-Ṭāʾif. When the Prophet ﷺ died, he came hastening back and encamped among Banū Kaʿb. News of that reached Abū Bakr, and he sent a raiding party against him commanded by al-Qaʿqāʿ b. ʿAmr — and it is said, rather, Qaʿqāʿ b. Sawr — and told him to raid ʿAlqamah, perhaps he would kill him or capture him. He set out and raided the watering place where ʿAlqamah was. ʿAlqamah was never off his guard, so he raced them on his horse and outran them. His family and children surrendered, and al-Qaʿqāʿ seized them and brought them to Abū Bakr. They denied that they had been in ʿAlqamah’s position, and no report had reached Abū Bakr that they had left their homes. They said to him: ‘What is our sin in what ʿAlqamah did?’ So he released them. Then ʿAlqamah became Muslim, and that was accepted from him. After the defeat of the people of Buzākhah, Banū ʿĀmir came forward saying: ‘We enter into what we left, and we believe in God and His Messenger.’ They came to Khālid, and he accepted their pledge on the same terms as the people of Buzākhah. They gave him their hands upon Islam. His pledge was: ‘You have God’s covenant and His compact that you will surely believe in God and His Messenger, that you will surely establish the prayer, and that you will surely give the zakāh, and you pledge your sons and women to that.’ They would say: ‘Yes.’ He would not accept from anyone of Asad, Ghaṭafān, Ṭayyiʾ, Sulaym, or ʿĀmir unless they brought him those who had burned, mutilated, and transgressed against Islam during their apostasy. They brought them to him, and he mutilated them, burned them, crushed them with stones, threw them from mountains, hung them head down in wells, and sent to Abū Bakr informing him of what he had done. He also sent to him Qurrah b. Hubayrah and a number of men with him in bonds, and Zuhayr as well.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.