Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1759
The illness of the Prophet ﷺ and his death
مَا يُؤْثَرُ عَنْهُ ﷺ مِنْ أَلْفَاظِهِ فِي مَرَضِ مَوْتِهِ وَآخِرِ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ رَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ قَالَ: لَمَّا ثَقُلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَعَلَ يَتَغَشَّاهُ الْكَرْبُ فَقَالَتْ فَاطِمَةُ ؓ وَاكَرْبَ أَبَتَاهُ فَقَالَ: «لَيْسَ عَلَى أَبِيكِ كَرْبٌ بَعْدَ الْيَوْمِ»، وَرَوَاهُ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَابْنُ مَاجَهْ بِلَفْظِ إِنَّهُ قَدْ حَضَرَ بِأَبِيكِ مَا لَيْسَ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَا?َى بِتَارِكٍ مِنْهُ أَحَدًا لِمُوَافَاةِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ وَالشَّيْخَانِ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ: كُنْتُ أَسْمَعُ أَنَّهُ لَا يَمُوتُ نَبِيٌّ حَتَّى يُخَيَّرَ بَيْنَ الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ قَالَتْ: فَأَصَابَتْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بُحَّةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ فِي مَرَضِهِ فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: مَعَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَالصِّدِّيقِينَ وَالشُّهَدَاءِ وَالصَّالِحِينَ وَحَسُنَ أُولَئِكَ رَفِيقًا [النِّسَاءِ: 69] فَظَنَنْتُ أَنَّهُ خَيْرٌ. وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَابْنُ سَعْدٍ وَالشَّيْخَانِ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: كَانَ جِبْرِيلُ يُعَوِّذُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِذَا مَرِضَ «وَفِي لَفْظٍ: كَأَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُعَوِّذُ بِهَؤُلَاءِ الْكَلِمَاتِ: «أَذْهَبَ الْبَأْسَ رَبُّ النَّاسِ، اشْفِ أَنْتَ الشَّافِي، شِفَاءً لَا يُغَادِرُ سَقَمًا»، قَالَتْ: فَلَمَّا ثَقُلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَخَذْتُ بِيَدِهِ فَجَعَلْتُ أَمْسَحُهُ بِهَا وَأُعَوِّذُهُ فَنَزَعَ يَدَهُ مِنِّي. زَادَ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ «ارْفَعِي عَنِّي، فَإِنَّهَا إِنَّمَا كَانَتْ تَنْفَعُنِي فِي الْمُرَّةِ». وَعِنْدَ الْحَاكِمِ مِنْ حَدِيثِ أَنَسٍ أَنَّ آخِرَ كَلِمَةٍ يَتَكَلَّمُ بِهَا: جَلَالُ رَبِّي الرَّفِيعِ. وَرَوَى النَّسَائِيُّ وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ أَبِي أُسَامَةَ عَنْهَا قَالَتْ: أُغْمِيَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ فِي حِجْرِي فَجَعَلْتُ أَمْسَحُهُ وَأَدْعُو لَهُ بِالشِّفَاءِ بِهَذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتِ: «أَذْهَبَ الْبَأْسَ رَبُّ النَّاسِ» فَفَاقَ فَانْتَزَعَ يَدَهُ مِنْ يَدِي فَقَالَ: «بَلِ اسْأَلِ اللَّهَ الرَّفِيقَ الْأَعْلَى الْأَسْعَدَ مَعَ جِبْرِيلَ وَمِيكَائِيلَ وَإِسْرَافِيلَ». وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ ؓ أَنَّ كَعْبَ الْأَحْبَارِ قَدِمَ زَمَنَ عُمَرَ فَقَالَ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ، مَا كَانَ آخِرُ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: سَلْ عَلِيًّا فَسَأَلَهُ فَقَالَ: الصَّلَاةَ الصَّلَاةَ فَقَالَ كَعْبٌ: كَذَلِكَ آخِرُ عَهْدِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ». وَرَوَى الْبَلَاذُرِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ قَالَ: كُشِفَ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ السِّتْرُ، فَرَأَيْتُهُ مَعْصُوبًا فِي مَرَضِهِ الَّذِي مَاتَ فِيهِ، فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ هَلْ بَلَغْتُ ثَلَاثًا ثُمَّ قَالَ: لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْ مُبَشِّرَاتِ النُّبُوَّةِ إِلَّا الرُّؤْيَا الصَّالِحَةُ يَرَاهَا الْعَبْدُ الصَّالِحُ، أَوْ تُرَى لَهُ. وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ مِنْ طَرِيقَيْنِ مِنْهَا ثِقَاتٌ مُتَّصِلٌ اتَّصَلَ إِسْنَادُهُمَا عَنْ أَبِي عُبَيْدَةَ ؓ قَالَ: آخِرُ مَا تَكَلَّمَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَخْرِجُوا يَهُودَ أَهْلِ الْحِجَازِ وَأَهْلِ نَجْرَانَ مِنْ جَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِ، وَاعْلَمُوا أَنَّ شِرَارَ النَّاسِ الَّذِينَ اتَّخَذُوا قُبُورَ أَنْبِيَائِهِمْ مَسَاجِدَ. وَرَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ: كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ رَكْوَةٌ أَوْ عُلْبَةٌ وَفِيهَا مَاءٌ، فَجَعَلَ يُدْخِلُ يَدَيْهِ فِي الْمَاءِ، فَيَمْسَحُ بِهَا وَجْهَهُ وَيَقُولُ: لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، إِنَّ لِلْمَوْتِ لَسَكَرَاتٍ، ثُمَّ نَصَبَ يَدَهُ الْيُمْنَى فَجَعَلَ يَقُولُ: فِي الرَّفِيقِ الْأَعْلَى حَتَّى قُبِضَ وَمَالَتْ يَدُهُ فِي الْمَاءِ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ وَصَحَّحَهُ الذَّهَبِيُّ عَنْ جَابِرٍ ؓ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَبْلَ مَوْتِهِ بِثَلَاثٍ يَقُولُ: «أَحْسِنُوا الظَّنَّ بِاللَّهِ». وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَالتِّرْمِذِيُّ وَالنَّسَائِيُّ عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ؓ قَالَتْ: رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَمُوتُ وَعِنْدَهُ قَدَحٌ فِيهِ مَاءٌ، يُدْخِلُ يَدَهُ فِي الْقَدَحِ ثُمَّ يَمْسَحُ وَجْهَهُ بِالْمَاءِ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: «اللَّهُمَّ أَعِنِّي عَلَى سَكَرَاتِ الْمَوْتِ». وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ بِسَنَدٍ قَالَ ابْنُ كَثِيرٍ: لَا بَأْسَ بِهِ عَنْهَا أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: «إِنَّهُ لَيَهُونُ عَلَيَّ الْمَوْتُ، إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ بَيَاضَ كَفِّ عَائِشَةَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ» وَرَوَاهُ ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ مُرْسَلًا، وَهَذَا دَلِيلٌ عَلَى صِحَّةِ مَحَبَّتِهِ- عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ- لِعَائِشَةَ.
Translation
✧ What is reported from him ﷺ of his words during the illness of his death, and the last thing he said Al-Bukhārī narrated from Anas ؓ who said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ became gravely ill, distress began to overcome him. Fāṭimah ؓ said, “What distress, my father!” He said, “There is no distress upon your father after this day.” Imām Aḥmad and Ibn Mājah narrated it with the wording: “There has come upon your father that which Allah, Blessed and Exalted, will not leave anyone without meeting on the Day of Resurrection.” Ibn Saʿd and the two Shaykhs narrated from ʿĀʾishah ؓ who said: I used to hear that no prophet dies until he is given the choice between this world and the Hereafter. She said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was afflicted with severe hoarseness in his illness, and I heard him saying: “With those upon whom Allah has bestowed favor—among the prophets, the truthful, the martyrs, and the righteous, and excellent are those as companions” [Qur’an 4:69]. So I thought that he had been given the choice. Imām Aḥmad, Ibn Saʿd, the two Shaykhs, and al-Bayhaqī narrated from her who said: Jibrīl used to seek protection for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when he was ill. In another wording: It was as if the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sought protection with these words: “Remove the affliction, O Lord of mankind; heal, for You are the Healer; a healing that leaves no sickness.” She said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ became gravely ill, I took his hand and began to wipe him with it and seek protection for him, but he withdrew his hand from me. Ibn Saʿd added: “Take it away from me, for it only benefited me that one time.” According to al-Ḥākim, from the ḥadīth of Anas, the last word he spoke was: “The glory of my Lord, the Most High.” Al-Nasāʾī and al-Ḥārith b. Abī Usāmah narrated from her who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fell unconscious while he was in my lap, so I began to wipe him and pray for his healing with these words: “Remove the affliction, O Lord of mankind.” Then he regained consciousness, snatched his hand from mine, and said: “Rather, ask Allah for the Highest Companion, the most felicitous, with Jibrīl, Mīkāʾīl, and Isrāfīl.” Ibn Saʿd narrated from Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh ؓ that Kaʿb al-Aḥbār came during the time of ʿUmar and said: “O Commander of the Faithful, what was the last thing the Messenger of Allah ﷺ spoke?” He said: “Ask ʿAlī.” So he asked him, and he said: “The prayer, the prayer.” Kaʿb said: “Thus is the last charge of the prophets.” Al-Balādhurī narrated from Ibn ʿAbbās ؓ who said: The curtain was lifted from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and I saw him with his head bandaged in the illness in which he died. He said: “O Allah, have I conveyed?” three times. Then he said: “Nothing remains of the glad tidings of prophethood except the righteous dream which the righteous servant sees or which is seen for him.” Imām Aḥmad narrated through two chains, among them trustworthy narrators, with a connected chain whose two isnāds connect, from Abū ʿUbaydah ؓ who said: The last thing the Messenger of Allah ﷺ spoke was: “Expel the Jews of the people of the Ḥijāz and the people of Najrān from the Arabian Peninsula, and know that the worst of people are those who took the graves of their prophets as mosques.” Al-Bukhārī and al-Bayhaqī narrated from ʿĀʾishah ؓ who said: There was before the Messenger of Allah ﷺ a small water-skin or a bowl containing water. He began to dip his hands into the water and wipe his face with them, saying: “There is no god but Allah; indeed death has pangs.” Then he raised his right hand and began to say: “In the Highest Companion,” until he was taken, and his hand fell into the water. Ibn Saʿd and al-Bayhaqī narrated, and al-Dhahabī authenticated it, from Jābir ؓ who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ three days before his death saying: “Think well of Allah.” Imām Aḥmad, al-Tirmidhī, and al-Nasāʾī narrated from ʿĀʾishah ؓ who said: I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ dying while there was a cup containing water near him. He would dip his hand into the cup, then wipe his face with the water, then say: “O Allah, help me against the pangs of death.” Imām Aḥmad narrated with a chain that Ibn Kathīr said is unobjectionable, from her, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Indeed death is made easy for me, for I saw the whiteness of ʿĀʾishah’s palm in Paradise.” Ibn Saʿd narrated it from al-Shaʿbī as mursal. This is evidence of the soundness of his ﷺ love for ʿĀʾishah.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.