Tarikh (al-Tabari) 167
Chapter mentioning the offspring of Abraham (peace and blessings be upon him)
فَلَمَّا اشْتَرَى يُوسُفَ وَأَتَى بِهِ إِلَى مَنْزِلِهِ قَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ، وَاسْمُهَا رَاعِيلُ أَكْرِمِي مَثْوَاهُ عَسَى أَنْ يَنْفَعَنَا [ فَيَكْفِيَنَا ] إِذَا [ هُوَ بَلَغَ وَ ] فَهِمَ الْأُمُورَ بَعْضَ مَا نَحْنُ بِسَبِيلِهِ أَوْ نَتَّخِذَهُ وَلَدًا، وَكَانَ لَا يَأْتِي النِّسَاءَ، وَكَانَتِ امْرَأَتُهُ حَسْنَاءَ نَاعِمَةً فِي مُلْكٍ وَدُنْيَا. فَلَمَّا خَلَا مِنْ عُمُرِ يُوسُفَ ثَلَاثٌ وَثَلَاثُونَ سَنَةً آتَاهُ اللَّهُ الْعِلْمَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ قَبْلَ النُّبُوَّةِ، وَرَاوَدَتْهُ رَاعِيلُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ وَأَغْلَقَتِ الْأَبْوَابَ عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَيْهَا وَدَعَتْهُ إِلَى نَفْسِهَا وَقَالَتْ: هَيْتَ لَكَ [12: 23]، أَيْ: تَهَيَّأْتُ لَكَ، قَالَ: مَعَاذَ اللَّهِ [12: 23]. فَأَمَّا قَوْلُهُ: وَهَمَّ بِهَا [12: 24]، فَإِنَّهُ حَدِيثُ الطَّبْعِ وَتَمَنِّيهِ نَيْلَ الشَّهْوَةِ لَوْ كَانَتْ مُبَاحَةً فَإِنَّ الْإِنْسَانَ إِذَا صَامَ اشْتَهَى شُرْبَ الْمَاءِ، غَيْرَ أَنَّ الصَّوْمَ مَانِعٌ، فَرَأَى الْبُرْهَانَ وَهُوَ عِلْمُهُ بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى حَرَّمَ الزِّنَا، وَلَا يُلْتَفَتُ إِلَى مَا يُرْوَى فِي التَّوَارِيخِ وَالتَّفَاسِيرِ مِنْ أَنَّهُ رَأَى يَعْقُوبَ عَاضًّا عَلَى يَدِهِ فَإِنَّ مَرْتَبَةَ يُوسُفَ كَانَتْ أَعْلَى مِنْ هَذَا. وَالشَّاهِدُ الَّذِي [شَهِدَ] كَانَ طِفْلًا صَغِيرًا تَكَلَّمَ هَكَذَا قَالَ عُلَمَاءُ السِّيَرِ وَجَعَلَتْ تَذْكُرُ مَحَاسِنَهُ وَتُشَوِّقُهُ إِلَى نَفْسِهَا، فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: يَا يُوسُفُ مَا أَحْسَنَ شَعْرَكَ ! قَالَ: هُوَ أَوَّلُ مَا يَنْتَثِرُ مِنْ جَسَدِي. قَالَتْ: يَا يُوسُفُ مَا أَحْسَنَ عَيْنَيْكَ ! قَالَ: هُمَا أَوَّلُ مَا يَسِيلُ مِنْ جَسَدِي. قَالَتْ: مَا أَحْسَنَ وَجْهَكَ ! قَالَ: هُوَ لِلتُّرَابِ. فَقَامَ حِينَ رَأَى بُرْهَانَ رَبِّهِ هَارِبًا يُرِيدُ الْبَابَ، فَأَدْرَكَتْهُ قَبْلَ خُرُوجِهِ مِنَ الْبَابِ فَجَذَبَتْ قَمِيصَهُ مِنْ قِبَلِ ظَهْرِهِ فَقَدَّتْهُ، وَأَلْفَيَا سَيِّدَهَا لَدَى الْبَابِ - وَابْنَ عَمِّهَا مَعَهُ، فَقَالَتْ لَهُ - مَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ أَرَادَ بِأَهْلِكَ سُوءًا إِلَّا أَنْ يُسْجَنَ. قَالَ يُوسُفُ: بَلْ هِيَ رَاوَدَتْنِي عَنْ نَفْسِي فَهَرَبْتُ مِنْهَا فَأَدْرَكَتْنِي فَقَدَّتْ قَمِيصِي. قَالَ لَهَا ابْنُ عَمِّهَا: تِبْيَانُ هَذَا فِي الْقَمِيصِ فَإِنْ كَانَ قُدَّ مِنْ قُبُلٍ فَصَدَقَتْ، وَإِنْ كَانَ قُدَّ مِنْ دُبُرٍ فَكَذَبَتْ، فَأُتِيَ بِالْقَمِيصِ فَوَجَدَهُ قُدَّ مِنْ دُبُرٍ فَقَالَ: إِنَّهُ مِنْ كَيْدِكُنَّ إِنَّ كَيْدَكُنَّ عَظِيمٌ. وَقِيلَ: كَانَ الشَّاهِدُ صَبِيًّا فِي الْمَهْدِ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: تَكَلَّمَ أَرْبَعَةٌ فِي الْمَهْدِ وَهُمْ صِغَارٌ ، ابْنُ مَاشِطَةِ امْرَأَةِ فِرْعَوْنَ، وَشَاهِدُ يُوسُفَ، وَصَاحِبُ جُرَيْجٍ، وَعِيسَى ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ. وَقَالَ زَوْجُهَا لِيُوسُفَ: أَعْرِضْ عَنْ هَذَا أَيْ ذِكْرِ مَا كَانَ مِنْهَا فَلَا تَذْكُرْهُ لِأَحَدٍ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لِزَوْجَتِهِ. اسْتَغْفِرِي لِذَنْبِكِ إِنَّكِ كُنْتِ مِنَ الْخَاطِئِينَ
Translation
✧ When he purchased Joseph and brought him to his dwelling, he said to his wife—whose name was Rāʿīl—“Honor his lodging; perhaps he may benefit us [and suffice us] once [he comes of age and] understands matters, some of what we are engaged in, or we may adopt him as a son.” He did not approach women, and his wife was beautiful and delicate, living in royalty and worldly comfort. When Joseph’s age had reached thirty-three years, God granted him knowledge and wisdom before prophethood. Rāʿīl sought to seduce him from himself, locked the doors upon him and herself, invited him to herself, and said: “Come to you!” (12:23), meaning: “I have prepared myself for you.” He said: “God forbid!” (12:23). As for His saying: “And he desired her” (12:24), it is the prompting of nature and his wishing to attain desire had it been lawful; for when a person fasts, he craves drinking water, yet the fast prevents him. He saw the proof, which was his knowledge that God Most High had forbidden fornication. No attention is to be paid to what is related in histories and commentaries: that he saw Jacob biting his hand; for Joseph’s station was higher than that. The witness who [bore witness] was a small child who spoke—thus said the scholars of biography. She began mentioning his good qualities and enticing him to herself, saying to him: “O Joseph, how beautiful is your hair!” He said: “It is the first thing to fall from my body.” She said: “O Joseph, how beautiful are your eyes!” He said: “They are the first thing to flow from my body.” She said: “How beautiful is your face!” He said: “It is for the dust.” When he saw the proof of his Lord, he rose fleeing toward the door, but she caught him before he exited the door and pulled his shirt from behind, tearing it. They found her master at the door—with her cousin beside him. She said to him: “What is the recompense of one who intended evil toward your family but that he be imprisoned?” Joseph said: “Rather, she sought to seduce me from myself, so I fled from her, and she caught me and tore my shirt.” Her cousin said to her: “The explanation of this lies in the shirt: if it is torn from the front, she has spoken truth; if it is torn from the back, she has lied.” The shirt was brought and found torn from the back, so he said: “Indeed, it is of your cunning; surely your cunning is great.” It is said: the witness was an infant in the cradle. Ibn ʿAbbās said: “Four spoke in the cradle while they were small: the son of the hairdresser of Pharaoh’s wife, the witness of Joseph, the companion of Jurayj, and Jesus son of Mary.” Her husband said to Joseph: “Turn away from this,” meaning from mentioning what occurred from her, and do not mention it to anyone. Then he said to his wife: “Ask forgiveness for your sin; indeed, you were among the sinners.”
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.