Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1656
The Farewell Pilgrimage
إِفَاضَتِهِ، عَلَيْهِ الصَّلَاةُ وَالسَّلَامُ، مِنْ عَرَفَاتٍ إِلَى الْمَشْعَرِ الْحَرَامِ . فَلَمَّا غَرَبَتِ الشَّمْسُ وَاسْتَحْكَمَ غُرُوبُهَا بِحَيْثُ ذَهَبَتِ الصُّفْرَةُ أَفَاضَ مِنْ عَرَفَةَ، وَأَرْدَفَ أُسَامَةَ بْنَ زَيْدٍ خَلْفَهُ، وَأَفَاضَ بِالسَّكِينَةِ، وَضَمَّ إِلَيْهِ زِمَامَ نَاقَتِهِ الْقَصْوَاءِ حَتَّى إِنَّ رَأْسَهَا لِيُصِيبَ طَرَفَ رِجْلِهِ، وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: «أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ عَلَيْكُمُ السِّكِّينَةُ، فَإِنَّ الْبِرَّ لَيْسَ بِالْإِيضَاعِ»، أَيْ لَيْسَ بِالْإِسْرَاعِ، وَأَفَاضَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ الْمَأْزِمَيْنِ وَكَانَ دَخَلَ مَكَّةَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ ضَبٍّ». قُلْتُ: وَفِي حَدِيثِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ؓ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَفَاضَ مِنْ عَرَفَاتٍ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: «إِلَيْكَ تَغْدُو قَلْفًا وَضِينُهَا مُخَالِفًا دِينَ النَّصَارَى دِينُهَا» رَوَاهُ الطَّبَرَانِيُّ وَقَالَ: الْمَشْهُورُ فِي الرِّوَايَةِ أَنَّهُ مِنْ فِعْلِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ أَيْ: لَا مَرْفُوعًا، وَاللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَعْلَمُ. ثُمَّ جَعَلَ يَسِيرُ الْعَنَقَ وَهُوَ ضَرْبٌ مِنَ السَّيْرِ لَيْسَ بِالسَّرِيعِ وَلَا الْبَطِيءِ، فَإِذَا وَجَدَ فَجْوَةً- وَهُوَ الْمُتَّسَعُ- نَصَّ سِيَرَهُ أَيْ رَفَعَهُ فَوْقَ ذَلِكَ وَكُلَّمَا أَتَى رُبْوَةً مِنْ تِلْكَ الرُّبَى أَرْخَى لِلنَّاقَةِ- وَهِيَ الْعَضْبَاءُ- زِمَامَهَا قَلِيلًا حَتَّى تَصْعَدَ، وَكَانَ يُلَبِّي فِي مُسِيرِهِ ذَلِكَ لَا يَقْطَعُ التَّلْبِيَةَ، فَلَمَّا كَانَ فِي أَثْنَاءِ الطَّرِيقِ مَالَ إِلَى الشِّعْبِ وَهُوَ شِعْبُ الْأَذَاخِرِ عَنْ يَسَارِ الطَّرِيقِ بَيْنَ الْمَأْزِمَيْنِ- نَزَلَ ﷺ فَبَالَ وَتَوَضَّأَ خَفِيفًا، فَقَالَ أُسَامَةُ: الصَّلَاةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ: فَقَالَ: «الصَّلَاةُ أَمَامَكَ»، ثُمَّ سَارَ حَتَّى أَتَى الْمُزْدَلِفَةَ. قُلْتُ: نَزَلَ قَرِيبًا مِنَ النَّارِ الَّتِي عَلَى قُزَحٍ فَتَوَضَّأَ وَضَوْءَ الصَّلَاةِ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِالْأَذَانِ فَأَذَّنَ الْمُؤَذِّنُ، ثُمَّ أَقَامَ الصَّلَاةَ فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ قَبْلَ حَطِّ الرَّحَّالِ، وَتَبْرِيكِ الْجِمَالِ، فَلَمَّا حَطُّوا رِحَالَهُمْ أَمَرَ فَأُقِيمَتِ الصَّلَاةُ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى الْعِشَاءَ الْآخِرَةَ بِإِقَامَةٍ بِلَا أَذَانٍ، وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ بَيْنَهُمَا شَيْئًا وَقَدْ رُوِيَ: أَنَّهُ صَلَّاهُمَا بِأَذَانَيْنِ وَإِقَامَتَيْنِ، وَرُوِيَ بِإِقَامَتَيْنِ بِلَا أَذَانٍ، وَالصَّحِيحُ: أَنَّهُ صَلَّاهُمَا بِأَذَانٍ وَإِقَامَتَيْنِ، كَمَا فَعَلَ بِعَرَفَةَ. ثُمَّ نَامَ حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ، وَلَمْ يُحْيِ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ، وَلَا صَحَّ عَنْهُ فِي إِحْيَاءِ لَيْلَتَيِ الْعِيدَيْنِ شَيْءٌ.
Translation
✧ His departure (peace and blessings be upon him) from ʿArafāt to the Sacred Monument . When the sun had set and its setting was complete, such that the yellow glow had departed, he departed from ʿArafah, and he mounted Usāmah b. Zayd behind him. He departed with tranquility, and he drew close to himself the reins of his she-camel al-Qaṣwāʾ until its head struck the edge of his foot, while he was saying: “O people, upon you is tranquility, for piety is not in hastening,” that is, it is not in going quickly. He departed by the road of al-Maʾzimayn, and he had entered Makkah by the road of Ḍabb.” I say: In the ḥadīth of Ibn ʿUmar ؓ it is related that the Messenger of God ﷺ departed from ʿArafāt while saying: “To You it goes early, its girth strap worn, Its religion opposed to the religion of the Christians.” Al-Ṭabarānī related it and said: The well-known version is that it is from the action of Ibn ʿUmar, that is, not raised, and God Almighty knows best. Then he began to travel at al-ʿanaq, which is a type of pace neither fast nor slow. When he found a gap—that is, an open space—he urged on his pace, that is, raised it above that. Whenever he came to a hillock among those hillocks, he slackened the reins of the she-camel—which was al-ʿAḍbāʾ—a little so that it could ascend. He was performing the talbiyah during that journey, not cutting off the talbiyah. When he was in the middle of the road, he inclined toward the ravine—that is, the ravine of al-Adhākhir, on the left of the road between al-Maʾzimayn—he ﷺ dismounted, urinated, and performed a light ablution. Usāmah said: The prayer, O Messenger of God. He said: “The prayer is ahead of you.” Then he traveled on until he came to Muzdalifah. I say: He dismounted near the fire that was on Quzaḥ, and he performed the ablution of prayer. Then he ordered the call to prayer, and the caller gave the call. Then the iqāmah was given for the prayer, and he prayed the maghrib before the saddles were taken down and the camels made to kneel. When they had taken down their saddles, he ordered the iqāmah to be given, and then he prayed the latter ʿishāʾ with one iqāmah without an adhān, and he did not pray anything between them. It has been related that he prayed them with two adhāns and two iqāmahs, and it has been related with two iqāmahs without an adhān. The sound version is that he prayed them with one adhān and two iqāmahs, as he did at ʿArafah. Then he slept until morning, and he did not keep vigil that night, and nothing sound is reported from him concerning keeping vigil on the two nights of the festivals.
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