Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1593
Mention of Year Nine and Its Designation as the Year of Delegations
الْبَابُ الثَّامِنُ وَالسِّتُّونَ فِي وُفُودِ بَنِي عُذْرَةَ إِلَيْهِ ﷺ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، وَابْنُ سَعْدٍ رَحِمَهُمَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: قَالُوا: قَدِمَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي صَفَرٍ سَنَةَ تِسْعٍ وَفْدُ بَنِي عُذْرَةَ اثْنَا عَشَرَ رَجُلًا فِيهِمْ جَمْرَةُ بْنُ النُّعْمَانِ الْعُذْرِيُّ، وَسُلَيْمٌ، وَسَعْدٌ ابْنَا مَالِكٍ، وَمَالِكُ بْنُ أَبِي رَبَاحٍ، فَنَزَلُوا دَارَ رَمْلَةَ بِنْتِ الْحَدَثِ النَّجَّارِيَّةِ. ثُمَّ جَاءُوا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، فَسَلَّمُوا بِسَلَامِ أَهْلِ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «مَنِ الْقَوْمُ ؟ » فَقَالَ مُتَكَلِّمُهُمْ: مَنْ لَا نُنْكِرُ، نَحْنُ بَنُو عُذْرَةَ إِخْوَةُ قُصَيٍّ لِأُمِّهِ، [نَحْنُ الَّذِينَ عَضَّدُوا قُصَيًّا ] وَأَزَاحُوا مِنْ بَطْنِ مَكَّةَ خُزَاعَةَ وَبَنِي بَكْرٍ وَلَنَا قَرَابَاتٌ وَأَرْحَامٌ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «مَرْحَبًا بِكُمْ وَأَهْلًا، مَا أَعْرَفَنِي بِكُمْ فَمَا يَمْنَعُكُمْ مِنْ تَحِيَّةِ الْإِسْلَامِ ؟ » قَالُوا: كُنَّا عَلَى مَا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ آبَاؤُنَا، فَقَدِمْنَا مُرْتَادِينَ لِأَنْفُسِنَا وَلِقَوْمِنَا. وَقَالُوا: إِلَامَ تَدْعُو ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «أَدْعُوا إِلَى عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنْ تَشْهَدُوا أَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَى النَّاسِ جَمِيعًا» أَوْ قَالَ: «كَافَّةً». فَقَالَ مُتَكَلِّمُهُمْ: فَمَا وَرَاءَ ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْفَرَائِضِ ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «أَدْعُو إِلَى عِبَادَةِ اللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ وَأَنْ تَشْهَدُوا الصَّلَوَاتِ تُحْسِنُ طُهُورَهُنَّ وَتُصَلِّيهِنَّ إِلَى مَوَاقِيتِهِنَّ فَإِنَّهُ أَفْضَلُ الْعَمَلِ». ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ لَهُمْ سَائِرَ الْفَرَائِضِ مِنَ الصِّيَامِ وَالزَّكَاةِ وَالْحَجِّ. فَقَالَ الْمُتَكَلِّمُ: اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، نَشْهَدُ أَلَّا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، قَدْ أَجَبْنَاكَ إِلَى مَا دَعَوْتَ إِلَيْهِ وَنَحْنُ أَعْوَانُكَ وَأَنْصَارُكَ، يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ مَتْجَرَنَا الشَّامُ وَبِهِ هِرَقْلُ فَهَلْ أُوحِيَ إِلَيْكَ فِي أَمْرِهِ بِشَيْءٍ ؟ فَقَالَ: «أَبْشِرُوا فَإِنَّ الشَّامَ سَتُفْتَحُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَيَهْرُبُ هِرَقْلُ إِلَى مُمْتَنَعِ بِلَادِهِ». وَنَهَاهُمْ ﷺ عَنْ سُؤَالِ الْكَاهِنَةِ. فَقَدْ قَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ فِينَا امْرَأَةً كَاهِنَةَ قُرَيْشٍ وَالْعَرَبِ يَتَحَاكَمُونَ إِلَيْهَا فَنَسْأَلُهَا عَنْ أُمُورٍ. فَقَالَ ﷺ: «لَا تَسْأَلُوهَا عَنْ شَيْءٍ». فَقَالَ مُتَكَلِّمُهُمُ: اللَّهُ أَكْبَرُ، ثُمَّ سَأَلَهُ عَنِ الذَّبْحِ الَّذِي كَانُوا يَذْبَحُونَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ لِأَصْنَامِهِمْ. فَنَهَاهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْهَا. وَقَالَ: «لَا ذَبِيحَةَ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَلَا ذَبِيحَةَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي سَنَتِكُمْ إِلَّا وَاحِدَةٌ». قَالَ: وَمَا هِيَ ؟ قَالَ: «الْأُضْحِيَّةُ ضَحِيَّةُ الْعَاشِرِ مِنْ ذِي الْحِجَّةِ، تَذْبَحُ شَاةً عَنْكَ وَعَنْ أَهْلِكَ». وَسَأَلُوا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ عَنْ أَشْيَاءَ مِنْ أَمْرِ دِينِهِمْ فَأَجَابَهُمْ فِيهَا. وَأَقَامُوا أَيَّامًا. ثُمَّ انْصَرَفُوا إِلَى أَهْلِيهِمْ وَأَمَرَ لَهُمْ بِجَوَائِزَ كَمَا كَانَ يُجِيزُ الْوَفْدَ، وَكَسَا أَحَدَهْمْ بُرْدًا. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى عَنْ مُدْلِجِ بْنِ الْمِقْدَادِ بْنِ زَمِلٍ الْعُذْرِيِّ وَغَيْرِهِ قَالُوا: وَفَدَ زَمِلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الْعُذْرِيِّ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَعَقَدَ لَهُ لِوَاءً عَلَى قَوْمِهِ وَأَنْشَأَ يَقُولُ حِينَ وَفَدَ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ: إِلَيْكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَعْمَلْتُ نَصَّهَا أُكَلِّفُهَا حَزْنًا وَقَوْزًا مِنَ الرَّمْلِ لِأَنْصُرَ خَيْرَ النَّاسِ نَصْرًا مُؤَزَّرًا وَأَعْقِدَ حَبْلًا مِنْ حِبَالِكَ فِي حَبْلِي وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ لَا شَيْءَ غَيْرَهُ أَدِينُ لَهُ مَا أَثْقَلَتْ قَدَمِي نَعْلِي
Translation
✧ The sixty-eighth chapter: On the delegations of Banū ʿUdhrah to him ﷺ Muḥammad b. ʿUmar and Ibn Saʿd, may Allah Almighty have mercy on them both, said: They said: In Ṣafar of year nine, the delegation of Banū ʿUdhrah came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, twelve men, among them Jamrah b. al-Nuʿmān al-ʿUdhrī, Sulaym and Saʿd the two sons of Mālik, and Mālik b. Abī Rabāḥ. They alighted at the house of Ramlah bt. al-Ḥadath al-Najjāriyyah. Then they came to the Prophet ﷺ and greeted with the greeting of the people of the Jāhiliyyah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Who are the people?” Their spokesman said: “Those whom you do not deny; we are Banū ʿUdhrah, the maternal brothers of Quṣayy. We are those who supported Quṣayy and expelled Khuzāʿah and Banū Bakr from the interior of Makkah, and we have kinships and ties of blood.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Welcome to you and may you be at home. How well I know you! What prevents you from the greeting of Islam?” They said: “We used to follow what our fathers followed, and we have come seeking good for ourselves and for our people.” They said: “To what do you call?” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “I call to the worship of Allah alone, with no partner, and that you bear witness that I am the Messenger of Allah to all people,” or he said: “to all.” Their spokesman said: “What lies beyond that of the obligatory duties?” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “I call to the worship of Allah alone, with no partner, and that you attend the prayers, performing their ablutions well and praying them at their times, for that is the best of deeds.” Then he mentioned to them the rest of the obligatory duties, including fasting, zakāh, and ḥajj. The spokesman said: “Allah is most great! We bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that you are the Messenger of Allah. We have answered you to what you have called, and we are your helpers and supporters. O Messenger of Allah, our trade goes to Syria, where Heraclius is. Has anything been revealed to you concerning his affair?” He said: “Rejoice, for Syria will be conquered for you, and Heraclius will flee to the most fortified part of his land.” He ﷺ forbade them from consulting the soothsayer. They had said: “O Messenger of Allah, among us is a woman, the soothsayer of Quraysh and the Arabs, to whom they resort for judgment, and we ask her about matters.” He ﷺ said: “Do not ask her about anything.” Their spokesman said: “Allah is most great!” Then he asked him about the sacrifices they used to offer in the Jāhiliyyah to their idols. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ forbade them from that and said: “No sacrifice is for other than Allah, Mighty and Majestic, and you are not obliged to sacrifice in your year except one.” He said: “What is it?” He said: “The sacrificial animal, the sacrifice of the tenth of Dhū al-Ḥijjah. You slaughter a sheep on behalf of yourself and your family.” They asked the Prophet ﷺ about some matters of their religion, and he answered them regarding them. They stayed for some days, then departed to their families. He ordered gifts for them as he used to give to delegations, and he clothed one of them with a striped cloak. Ibn Saʿd, may Allah Almighty have mercy on him, narrated from Mudlij b. al-Miqdād b. Zamil al-ʿUdhrī and others who said: Zamil b. ʿAmr al-ʿUdhrī came as a delegate to the Prophet ﷺ, who tied a banner for him over his people. He began to recite when he came as a delegate to the Prophet ﷺ: To you, O Messenger of Allah, I have urged on my she-camel's brisk pace, driving her over rugged ground and sand dunes, To support the best of mankind with a support that is strengthened, And to bind a rope from your ropes to my rope, And I bear witness that Allah—there is nothing other than Him— I profess His religion as long as my feet carry my sandals.
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