Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1541
The Expedition of Tabūk
عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ أَوْ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ - شَكَّ الْأَعْمَشُ - قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ أَصَابَ النَّاسَ مَجَاعَةٌ، فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، لَوْ أَذِنْتَ لَنَا فَنَنْحَرُ نَوَاضِحَنَا، فَأَكَلْنَا وَادَّهَنَّا. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " افْعَلُوا ". فَجَاءَ عُمَرُ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنْ فَعَلْتَ قَلَّ الظَّهْرُ، وَلَكِنِ ادْعُهُمْ بِفَضْلِ أَزْوَادِهِمْ، وَادْعُ اللَّهَ لَهُمْ فِيهَا بِالْبَرَكَةِ، لَعَلَّ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ فِيهَا الْبَرَكَةَ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " نَعَمْ ". فَدَعَا بِنِطَعٍ فَبَسَطَهُ، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِفَضْلِ أَزْوَادِهِمْ فَجَعَلَ الرَّجُلُ يَجِيءُ بِكَفِّ ذُرَةٍ، وَيَجِيءُ الْآخَرُ بِكَفٍّ مِنَ التَّمْرِ، وَيَجِيءُ الْآخَرُ بِكِسْرَةٍ حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَ عَلَى النِّطَعِ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ يَسِيرٌ، فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالْبَرَكَةِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ لَهُمْ: " خُذُوا فِي أَوْعِيَتِكُمْ ". فَأَخَذُوا فِي أَوْعِيَتِهِمْ حَتَّى مَا تَرَكُوا فِي الْعَسْكَرِ وِعَاءً إِلَّا مَلَئُوهُ وَأَكَلُوا حَتَّى شَبِعُوا، وَفَضَلَتْ فَضْلَةٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ لَا يَلْقَى اللَّهَ بِهَا عَبْدٌ غَيْرُ شَاكٍّ فَيُحْجَبُ عَنِ الْجَنَّةِ ". وعَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قِيلَ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ: حَدِّثْنَا عَنْ شَأْنِ سَاعَةِ الْعُسْرَةِ . فَقَالَ عُمَرُ: خَرَجْنَا إِلَى تَبُوكَ فِي قَيْظٍ شَدِيدٍ، فَنَزَلْنَا مَنْزِلًا وَأَصَابَنَا فِيهِ عَطَشٌ حَتَّى ظَنَنَّا أَنَّ رِقَابَنَا سَتَنْقَطِعُ، حَتَّى إِنْ كَانَ أَحَدُنَا لَيَذْهَبُ فَيَلْتَمِسُ الرَّحْلَ فَلَا يَرْجِعُ حَتَّى يَظُنَّ أَنَّ رَقَبَتَهُ سَتَنْقَطِعُ، حَتَّى إِنَّ الرَّجُلَ لَيَنْحَرُ بَعِيرَهُ فَيَعْتَصِرُ فَرْثَهُ فَيَشْرَبُهُ، ثُمَّ يَجْعَلُ مَا بَقِيَ عَلَى كَبِدِهِ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ عَوَّدَكَ فِي الدُّعَاءِ خَيْرًا، فَادْعُ اللَّهَ لَنَا. فَقَالَ: " أَتُحِبُّ ذَلِكَ ؟ " قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَرَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ نَحْوَ السَّمَاءِ، فَلَمْ يُرْجِعْهُمَا حَتَّى قَالَتِ السَّمَاءَ، فَأَظَلَّتْ ثُمَّ سَكَبَتْ، فَمَلَئُوا مَا مَعَهُمْ، ثُمَّ ذَهَبْنَا نَنْظُرُ فَلَمْ نَجِدْهَا جَاوَزَتِ الْعَسْكَرَ إِسْنَادُهُ جَيِّدٌ، وَلَمْ يُخَرِّجُوهُ مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ. عناد المنافقين عن قبول الحق وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ رِجَالٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ أَنَّ هَذِهِ الْقَضِيَّةَ كَانَتْ وَهُمْ بِالْحِجْرِ، وَأَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا لِرَجُلٍ مَعَهُمْ مُنَافِقٌ: وَيْحَكَ ! هَلْ بَعْدَ هَذَا مِنْ شَيْءٍ ؟ ! فَقَالَ سَحَابَةٌ مَارَّةٌ. وَذَكَرَ أَنَّ نَاقَةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ضَلَّتْ، فَذَهَبُوا فِي طَلَبِهَا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِعُمَارَةَ بْنِ حَزْمٍ الْأَنْصَارِيِّ - وَكَانَ عِنْدَهُ -: إِنَّ رَجُلًا قَالَ: هَذَا مُحَمَّدٌ يُخْبِرُكُمْ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ وَيُخْبِرُكُمْ خَبَرَ السَّمَاءِ وَهُوَ لَا يَدْرِي أَيْنَ نَاقَتُهُ. وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَا أَعْلَمُ إِلَّا مَا عَلَّمَنِي اللَّهُ، وَقَدْ دَلَّنِي اللَّهُ عَلَيْهَا، هِيَ فِي الْوَادِي قَدْ حَبَسَتْهَا شَجَرَةٌ بِزِمَامِهَا ". فَانْطَلَقُوا فَجَاءُوا بِهَا فَرَجَعَ عُمَارَةُ إِلَى رَحْلِهِ، فَحَدَّثَهُمْ عَمَّا جَاءَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ خَبَرِ الرَّجُلِ، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِمَّنْ كَانَ فِي رَحْلِ عُمَارَةَ: إِنَّمَا قَالَ ذَلِكَ زَيْدُ بْنُ اللُّصَيْتِ وَكَانَ فِي رَحْلِ عُمَارَةَ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ، فَأَقْبَلَ عُمَارَةُ عَلَى زَيْدٍ يَجَأُ فِي عُنُقِهِ وَيَقُولُ: إِنَّ فِي رَحْلِي لَدَاهِيَةً وَأَنَا لَا أَدْرِي، اخْرُجْ عَنِّي يَا عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ، فَلَا تَصْحَبْنِي. فَقَالَ بَعْضُ النَّاسِ: إِنَّ زَيْدًا تَابَ. وَقَالَ بَعْضُهُمْ: لَمْ يَزَلْ مُصِرًّا حَتَّى هَلَكَ. زيادة الماء ببركة فضل ماء رسول الله ﷺ وبشارته بامتلاء تبوك بالجنان عَنْ أَبِي الطُّفَيْلِ عَامِرِ بْنِ وَاثِلَةَ أَنَّ مُعَاذَ بْنَ جَبَلٍ أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُمْ خَرَجُوا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَامَ تَبُوكَ فَكَانَ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ، وَبَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ. قَالَ: فَأَخَّرَ الصَّلَاةَ يَوْمًا، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ جَمِيعًا، ثُمَّ دَخَلَ ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَصَلَّى الْمَغْرِبَ وَالْعِشَاءَ جَمِيعًا، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " إِنَّكُمْ سَتَأْتُونَ غَدًا، إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ عَيْنَ تَبُوكَ، وَإِنَّكُمْ لَنْ تَأْتُوهَا حَتَّى يَضْحَى النَّهَارُ، فَمَنْ جَاءَهَا فَلَا يَمَسَّ مِنْ مَائِهَا شَيْئًا حَتَّى آتِيَ " قَالَ: فَجِئْنَاهَا وَقَدْ سَبَقَ إِلَيْهَا رَجُلَانِ، وَالْعَيْنُ مِثْلُ الشِّرَاكِ تَبِضُّ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ مَاءٍ، فَسَأَلَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " هَلْ مَسَسْتُمَا مِنْ مَائِهَا شَيْئًا ؟ " قَالَا: نَعَمْ. فَسَبَّهُمَا وَقَالَ لَهُمَا مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَقُولَ، ثُمَّ غَرَفُوا بِأَيْدِيهِمْ مِنَ الْعَيْنِ قَلِيلًا قَلِيلًا حَتَّى اجْتَمَعَ فِي شَيْءٍ، ثُمَّ غَسَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فِيهِ وَجْهَهُ وَيَدَيْهِ، ثُمَّ أَعَادَهُ فِيهَا، فَجَرَتِ الْعَيْنُ بِمَاءٍ كَثِيرٍ، فَاسْتَقَى النَّاسُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " يَا مُعَاذُ يُوشِكُ إِنْ طَالَتْ بِكَ حَيَاةٌ أَنْ تَرَى مَا هَاهُنَا قَدْ مُلِئَ جِنَانًا ". وَأَخْرَجَهُ مُسْلِمٌ مِنْ حَدِيثِ مَالِكٍ بِهِ. فائدة حديثية قال ابن القيم رحمه الله تعالى: في حديث معاذ في الجمع بين الصلوات: وَقَالَ الترمذي: (إِذَا ارْتَحَلَ بَعْدَ زَيْغِ الشَّمْسِ عَجَّلَ الْعَصْرَ إِلَى الظُّهْرِ، وَصَلَّى الظُّهْرَ وَالْعَصْرَ جَمِيعًا ); وَقَالَ: حَدِيثٌ حَسَنٌ غَرِيبٌ. وَقَالَ أبو داود: هَذَا حَدِيثٌ مُنْكَرٌ، وَلَيْسَ فِي تَقْدِيمِ الْوَقْتِ حَدِيثٌ قَائِمٌ وَقَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدِ بْنُ حَزْمٍ: لَا يَعْلَمُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الْحَدِيثِ لِيَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ سَمَاعًا مِنْ أبي الطفيل وَقَالَ الحاكم فِي حَدِيثِ أبي الطفيل هَذَا: هُوَ حَدِيثٌ رُوَاتُهُ أَئِمَّةٌ ثِقَاتٌ، وَهُوَ شَاذُّ الْإِسْنَادِ وَالْمَتْنِ، لَا نَعْرِفُ لَهُ عِلَّةً نُعَلِّلُهُ بِهَا، فَنَظَرْنَا فَإِذَا الْحَدِيثُ مَوْضُوعٌ، وَذَكَرَ عَنِ الْبُخَارِيِّ: قُلْتُ لِقُتَيْبَةَ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ: مَعَ مَنْ كَتَبْتَ عَنِ الليث حَدِيثَ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي حَبِيبٍ عَنْ أبي الطفيل ؟ قَالَ: كَتَبْتُهُ مَعَ خالد المدائني، وَكَانَ خالد المدائني يُدْخِلُ الْأَحَادِيثَ عَلَى الشُّيُوخِ، وَرَوَاهُ أبو داود أَيْضًا: حَدَّثَنَا يزيد بن خالد بن يزيد بن عبد الله بن موهب الرملي، حَدَّثَنَا مُفَضَّلُ بْنُ فَضَالَةَ وَاللَّيْثُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ أبي الزبير، عَنْ أبي الطفيل، عَنْ مُعَاذِ بْنِ جَبَلٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ فِي غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ إِذَا زَاغَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَحِلَ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ، وَفِي الْمَغْرِبِ مِثْلُ ذَلِكَ ; إِنْ غَابَتِ الشَّمْسُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَرْتَحِلَ جَمَعَ بَيْنَ الْمَغْرِبِ وَالْعِشَاءِ، وَإِنِ ارْتَحَلَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَغِيبَ الشَّمْسُ أَخَّرَ الْمَغْرِبَ حَتَّى يَنْزِلَ لِلْعِشَاءِ ثُمَّ يَجْمَعُ بَيْنَهُمَا وَهِشَامُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ: ضَعِيفٌ عِنْدَهُمْ، ضَعَّفَهُ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ، وَابْنُ مَعِينٍ، وأبو حاتم، وَأَبُو زُرْعَةَ، وَيَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، وَكَانَ لَا يُحَدِّثُ عَنْهُ، وَضَعَّفَهُ النَّسَائِيُّ أَيْضًا، وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْبَزَّارُ: لَمْ أَرَ أَحَدًا تَوَقَّفَ عَنْ حَدِيثِ هِشَامِ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، وَلَا اعْتَلَّ عَلَيْهِ بِعِلَّةٍ تُوجِبُ التَّوَقُّفَ عَنْهُ، وَقَالَ أبو داود: حَدِيثُ المفضل والليث حَدِيثٌ مُنْكَرٌ فائدة قال ابن القيم: وثَبَتَ فِي " صَحِيحِ مسلم " ( أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَهُمْ: إِنَّكُمْ سَتَأْتُونَ غَدًا إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ عَيْنَ تَبُوكَ، وَإِنَّكُمْ لَنْ تَأْتُوهَا حَتَّى يُضْحِيَ النَّهَارُ، فَمَنْ جَاءَهَا فَلَا يَمَسَّ مِنْ مَائِهَا شَيْئًا )، الْحَدِيثَ، وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ فَإِنْ كَانَتِ الْقِصَّةُ وَاحِدَةً فَالْمَحْفُوظُ حَدِيثُ مسلم، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ قِصَّتَيْنِ فَهُوَ مُمْكِنٌ ذِكْرُ بَعْضِ آيَاتٍ وَقَعَتْ فِي رُجُوعِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ تَبُوكَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، وَأَبُو نُعَيْمٍ عَنْ أَبِي قَتَادَةَ ؓ قَالَ: بَيْنَا نَحْنُ نَسِيرُ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْجَيْشِ لَيْلًا وَهُوَ قَافِلٌ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ إِذْ خَفَقَ خَفْقَةً - وَهُوَ عَلَى رَاحِلَتِهِ فَمَالَ عَلَى شِقِّهِ فَدَنَوْتُ مِنْهُ فَدَعَمْتُهُ فَانْتَبَهَ، فَقَالَ: "مَنْ هَذَا ؟ " فَقُلْتُ: أَبُو قَتَادَةَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، خِفْتُ أَنْ تَسْقُطَ فَدَعَّمْتُكَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ "حَفِظَكَ اللَّهُ كَمَا حَفِظْتَ رَسُولَهُ" ثُمَّ سَارَ غَيْرَ كَثِيرٍ ثُمَّ فَعَلَ مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ هَذَا فَدَعَمْتُهُ فَانْتَبَهَ فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا قَتَادَةَ، هَلْ لَكَ فِي التَّعْرِيسِ ؟ " فَقُلْتُ: مَا شِئْتَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، فَقَالَ: "انْظُرْ مَنْ خَلْفَكَ" فَنَظَرْتُ فَإِذَا رَجُلَانِ أَوْ ثَلَاثَةٌ، فَقَالَ "ادْعُهُمْ" فَقُلْتُ: أَجِيبُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَجَاءُوا فَعَرَّسْنَا - وَنَحْنُ خَمْسَةٌ - بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَمَعِي إِدَاوَةٌ فِيهَا مَاءٌ وَرَكْوَةٌ لِي أَشْرَبُ فِيهَا، فَنِمْنَا فَمَا انْتَبَهْنَا إِلَّا بِحَرِّ الشَّمْسِ، فَقُلْنَا: إِنَّا لِلَّهِ فَاتَنَا الصُّبْحُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "لَنَغِيظَنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ كَمَا غَاظَنَا" فَتَوَضَّأَ مِنْ مَاءِ الْإِدَاوَةِ فَفَضَلَ فَضْلَةٌ فَقَالَ: "يَا أَبَا قَتَادَةَ احْتَفِظْ بِمَا فِي الْإِدَاوَةِ وَالرَّكْوَةِ، فَإِنَّ لَهُمَا شَأْنًا" وَصَلَّى ﷺ بِنَا الْفَجْرَ بَعْدَ طُلُوعِ الشَّمْسِ، فَقَرَأَ بِالْمَائِدَةِ، فَلَمَّا انْصَرَفَ مِنَ الصَّلَاةِ قَالَ: أَمَا إِنَّهُمْ لَوْ أَطَاعُوا أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ لَرَشَدُوا وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرَ أَرَادَا أَنْ يَنْزِلَا بِالْجَيْشِ عَلَى الْمَاءِ فَأَبَوْا ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمَا، فَنَزَلُوا عَلَى غَيْرِ مَاءٍ بِفَلَاةٍ مِنَ الْأَرْضِ، فَرَكِبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَحِقَ الْجَيْشَ عِنْدَ زَوَالِ الشَّمْسِ وَنَحْنُ مَعَهُ. وَقَدْ كَادَتْ أَعْنَاقُ الْخَيْلِ وَالرِّجَالِ وَالرِّكَابِ تُقَطَّعُ عَطَشًا، فَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالرَّكْوَةِ فَأَفْرَغَ مَا فِي الْإِدَاوَةِ فِيهَا. وَوَضَعَ أَصَابِعَهُ عَلَيْهَا فَنَبَعَ الْمَاءُ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَصَابِعِهِ ، وَأَقْبَلَ النَّاسُ فَاسْتَقَوْا وَفَاضَ الْمَاءُ حَتَّى رَوَوْا، وَرَوَوْا خَيْلَهُمْ، وَرِكَابَهُمْ، وَكَانَ فِي الْعَسْكَرِ اثْنَا عَشَرَ أَلْفَ بَعِيرٍ، وَالنَّاسُ ثَلَاثُونَ أَلْفًا، وَالْخَيْلُ اثْنَا عَشَرَ أَلْفَ فَرَسٍ، فَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ "احْتَفِظْ بِالرَّكْوَةِ وَالْإِدَاوَةِ". وَرَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، وَأَبُو نُعَيْمٍ عَنْ جَمَاعَةٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَغَازِي قَالَ: بَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَسِيرُ مُنْحَدِرًا إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَهُوَ فِي قَيْظٍ شَدِيدٍ، عَطِشَ الْعَسْكَرُ بَعْدَ الْمَرَّتَيْنِ الْأُولَيَيْنِ عَطَشًا شَدِيدًا حَتَّى لَا يُوجَدَ لِلشَّفَةِ مَاءٌ قَلِيلٌ وَلَا كَثِيرٌ، فَشَكَوْا ذَلِكَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَرْسَلَ أُسَيْدَ بْنَ الْحُضَيْرِ فِي يَوْمٍ صَائِفٍ، وَهُوَ مُتَلَثِّمٌ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ "عَسَى أَنْ تَجِدَ لَنَا مَاءً" فَخَرَجَ أُسَيْدٌ وَهُوَ فِيمَا بَيْنَ تَبُوكَ وَالْحَجَرِ فِي كُلِّ وَجْهٍ فَيَجِدُ رَاوِيَةً مِنْ مَاءٍ مَعَ امْرَأَةٍ مَنْ بَلِيٍّ، فَكَلَّمَهَا أُسَيْدٌ، وَأَخْبَرَهَا خَبَرَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ: فَهَذَا الْمَاءُ، فَانْطَلِقْ بِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَدْ وَصَفَتْ لَهُ الْمَاءَ وَبَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ الطَّرِيقِ هُنَيْهَةٌ، فَلَمَّا جَاءَ أُسَيْدٌ بِالْمَاءِ دَعَا فِيهِ رَسُولُ ?للَّهِ ﷺ وَدَعَا فِيهِ بِالْبَرَكَةِ ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: "هَلُمَّ أَسْقَيْتُكُمْ" فَلَمْ يَبْقَ مَعَهُمْ سِقَاءٌ إِلَّا مَلَئُوهُ، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِرِكَابِهِمْ وَخُيُولِهِمْ، فَسَقَوْهَا حَتَّى نَهِلَتْ، وَيُقَالُ إِنَّهُ ﷺ أَمَرَ بِمَا جَاءَ بِهِ أُسَيْدٌ فَصَبَّهُ فِي قَعْبٍ عَظِيمٍ مِنْ عِسَاسِ أَهْلِ الْبَادِيَةِ فَأَدْخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِيهِ يَدَهُ، وَغَسَلَ وَجْهَهُ وَيَدَيْهِ وَرِجْلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ مُدًّا، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ وَإِنَّ الْقَعْبَ لَيَفُورُ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِلنَّاسِ "رِدُوا" فَاتَّسَعَ الْمَاءُ وَانْبَسَطَ النَّاسُ حَتَّى يُصَنَّفَ عَلَيْهِ الْمِائَةُ وَالْمِائَتَانِ فَارْتَوَوْا، وَإِنَّ الْقَعْبَ لَيَجِيشُ بِالرِّوَاءِ، ثُمَّ رَاحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مُبَرِّدًا مُتَرَوِّيًا. بركة يد رسول الله ﷺ في الطعام وقوله المؤمن يأكل في معاء واحد ذِكْرُ الْآيَةِ فِي التَّمْرِ وَالْأَقِطِ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِمَا بِلَالٌ بِتَبُوكَ رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ عَنْ شُيُوخِهِ قَالُوا: قَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي سَعْدِ هُذَيْمٍ: جِئْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ بِتَبُوكَ فِي نَفَرٍ فَقَالَ "يَا بِلَالُ أَطْعِمْنَا" . فَبَسَطَ بِلَالٌ نَطْعًا ثُمَّ جَعَلَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ حَمِيتٍ لَهُ فَأَخْرَجَ خُرُجَاتٍ بِيَدِهِ مِنْ تَمْرٍ مَعْجُونٍ بِسَمْنٍ وَأَقِطٍ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: "كُلُوا" فَأَكَلْنَا حَتَّى شَبِعْنَا، فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنْ كُنْتُ لَآكُلُ هَذَا وَحْدِي، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ "الْكَافِرُ يَأْكُلُ فِي سَبْعَةِ أَمْعَاءٍ وَالْمُؤْمِنُ يَأْكُلُ فِي مِعَاءٍ وَاحِدٍ"، ثُمَّ جِئْتُ فِي الْغَدِ مُتَحَيِّنًا لِغَدَائِهِ لِأَزْدَادَ فِي الْإِسْلَامِ يَقِينًا، فَإِذَا عَشَرَةُ نَفَرٍ حَوْلَهُ فَقَالَ: "هَاتِ أَطْعِمْنَا يَا بِلَالُ" فَجَعَلَ يُخْرِجُ مِنْ جِرَابٍ تَمْرًا بِكَفِّهِ قَبْضَةً قَبْضَةً فَقَالَ: "أَخْرِجْ وَلَا تَخْشَ مِنْ ذِي الْعَرْشِ إِقْلَالًا" فَجَاءَ بِالْجِرَابِ وَنَشَرَهُ. فَقَالَ: فَحَزَرْتُهُ مُدَّيْنِ، فَوَضَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَدَهُ عَلَى التَّمْرِ وَقَالَ: "كُلُوا بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ" فَأَكَلَ الْقَوْمُ وَأَكَلْتُ مَعَهُمْ، وَأَكَلْتُ حَتَّى مَا أَجِدُ لَهُ مَسْلَكًا. قَالَ: وَبَقِيَ عَلَى النَّطْعِ مِثْلُ الَّذِي جَاءَ بِهِ بِلَالٌ كَأَنَّا لَمْ نَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ تَمْرَةً وَاحِدَةً. قَالَ: ثُمَّ غَدَوْتُ مِنَ الْغَدِ وَعَادَ نَفَرٌ فَكَانُوا عَشَرَةً أَوْ يَزِيدُونَ رَجُلًا أَوْ رَجُلَيْنِ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ "يَا بِلَالُ أَطْعِمْنَا" فَجَاءَ بِلَالٌ بِذَلِكَ الْجِرَابِ بِعَيْنِهِ، أَعْرِفُهُ، فَنَثَرَهُ، وَوَضَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَقَالَ: "كُلُوا بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ" فَأَكَلْنَا حَتَّى نَهِلْنَا ثُمَّ رَجَعَ مِثْلُ الَّذِي صَبَّ فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ. قِصَّةٌ أُخْرَى: رَوَى مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، وَأَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، وَابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ عَنْ عِرْبَاضِ بْنِ سَارِيَةَ ؓ قَالَ: كُنْتُ أَلْزَمُ بَابَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْحَضَرِ وَالسَّفَرِ، فَرَأَيْتُنَا لَيْلَةً وَنَحْنُ بِتَبُوكَ وَذَهَبْنَا لِحَاجَةٍ فَرَجَعْنَا إِلَى مَنْزِلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَقَدْ تَعَشَّى وَمَنْ مَعَهُ مِنْ أَضْيَافِهِ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُرِيدُ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ قُبَّتَهُ - وَمَعَهُ زَوْجَتُهُ أُمُّ سَلَمَةَ - فَلَمَّا طَلَعْتُ عَلَيْهِ قَالَ: أَيْنَ كُنْتَ مُنْذُ اللَّيْلَةِ ؟ فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ، فَطَلَعَ جِعَالُ بْنُ سُرَاقَةَ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُغَفَّلٍ الْمَزَنِيُّ فَكُنَّا ثَلَاثَةً كُلُّنَا جَائِعٌ إِنَّمَا نَغْشَى بَابَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَدَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْبَيْتَ فَطَلَبَ شَيْئًا نَأْكُلُهُ فَلَمْ يَجِدْهُ، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا فَنَادَى: "يَا بِلَالُ هَلْ مِنْ عَشَاءٍ لِهَؤُلَاءِ النَّفَرِ ؟ " فَقَالَ: وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لَقَدْ نَفَضْنَا جُرُبَنَا وَحُمُتَنَا، قَالَ: "انْظُرْ عَسَى أَنْ تَجِدَ شَيْئًا"، فَأَخَذَ الْجُرُبَ يَنْفُضُهَا جِرَابًا جِرَابًا، فَتَقَعُ التَّمْرَةُ وَالتَّمْرَتَانِ حَتَّى رَأَيْتُ فِي يَدِهِ سَبْعَ تَمَرَاتٍ، ثُمَّ دَعَا بِصَحْفَةٍ فَوَضَعَ التَّمْرَ فِيهَا، ثُمَّ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى التَّمَرَاتِ، وَسَمَّى اللَّهَ - تَعَالَى - فَقَالَ: "كُلُوا بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ" فَأَكَلْنَا، فَحَصَيْتُ أَرْبَعًا وَخَمْسِينَ تَمْرَةً، أَعُدُّهَا عَدًّا وَنَوَاهَا فِي يَدِي الْأُخْرَى، وَصَاحِبَايَ يَصْنَعَانِ مِثْلَ مَا أَصْنَعُ، وَشَبِعْنَا، فَأَكَلَ كُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنَّا خَمْسِينَ تَمْرَةً، وَرَفَعْنَا أَيْدِيَنَا فَإِذَا التَّمَرَاتُ السَّبْعُ كَمَا هِيَ. فَقَالَ: "يَا بِلَالُ ارْفَعْهَا فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَأْكُلُ مِنْهَا أَحَدٌ إِلَّا نَهِلَ شِبَعًا" فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ صَلَّى صَلَاةَ الصُّبْحِ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ إِلَى فِنَاءِ قُبَّتِهِ فَجَلَسَ وَجَلَسْنَا حَوْلَهُ، فَقَرَأَ مِنَ "الْمُؤْمِنُونَ" عَشْرًا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ "هَلْ لَكُمْ فِي الْغَدَاءِ ؟ " قَالَ عِرْبَاضٌ: فَجَعَلْتُ أَقُولُ فِي نَفْسِي أَيُّ غَدَاءٍ، فَدَعَا بِلَالًا بِالتَّمَرَاتِ، فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهِنَّ فِي الصَّحْفَةِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: "كُلُوا بِسْمِ اللَّهِ فَأَكَلْنَا - فَو الَّذِي بَعَثَهُ بِالْحَقِّ - حَتَّى شَبِعْنَا وَإِنَّا لَعَشَرَةٌ، ثُمَّ رَفَعُوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ مِنْهَا شِبَعًا وَإِذَا التَّمَرَاتُ كَمَا هِيَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ "لَوْلَا أَنِّي أَسْتَحِي مِنْ رَبِّي لَأَكَلْنَا مِنْ هَذَا التَّمْرِ حَتَّى نَرِدَ الْمَدِينَةَ عَنْ آخِرِنَا"، وَطَلَعَ عَلَيْهِمْ غُلَامٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْبَدْوِ فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ التَّمَرَاتِ فَدَفَعَهَا إِلَيْهِ فَوَلَّى الْغُلَامُ يَلُوكُهُنَّ. وَرَوَى الطَّبَرَانِيُّ بِرِجَالٍ وُثِّقُوا، وَأَبُو نُعَيْمٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَمْزَةَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْأَسْلَمِيِّ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ ؓ قَالَ: خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى غَزْوَةِ تَبُوكَ، وَكُنْتُ عَلَى خِدْمَتِهِ ذَلِكَ، فَنَظَرْتُ إِلَى نِحْيِ السَّمْنِ قَدْ قَلَّ مَا فِيهِ، وَهَيَّأْتُ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ طَعَامًا فَوَضَعْتُ النِّحْيَ فِي الشَّمْسِ، وَنِمْتُ فَانْتَبَهْتُ بِخَرِيرِ النِّحْيِ، فَقُمْتُ فَأَخَذْتُ رَأْسَهُ بِيَدِي. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَرَآنِي: لَوْ تَرَكْتَهُ لَسَالَ الْوَادِي سَمْنًا. نزوله ﷺ بذي المروة وما وقع من الآيات ذِكْرُ نُزُولِهِ ﷺ بِذِي الْمَرْوَةِ، وَمَا وَقَعَ فِي ذَلِكَ مِنَ الْآيَاتِ رَوَى الطَّبَرَانِيُّ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ سَلَامٍ ؓ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا مَرَّ بِالْخَلِيجَةِ فِي سَفَرِهِ إِلَى تَبُوكَ قَالَ لَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ: الْمَبْرَكُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ الظِّلُّ وَالْمَاءُ - وَكَانَ فِيهَا دَوْمٌ وَمَاءٌ، فَقَالَ "إِنَّهَا أَرْضُ زَرْعِ نَفَرٍ"، دَعُوهَا فَإِنَّهَا مَأْمُورَةٌ - يَعْنِي نَاقَتَهُ - فَأَقْبَلَتْ حَتَّى بَرَكَتْ تَحْتَ الدَّوْمَةِ الَّتِي كَانَتْ فِي مَسْجِدِ ذِي الْمَرْوَةِ.
Translation
✧ On the authority of Abū Hurayrah or on the authority of Abū Saʿīd al-Khudrī – al-Aʿmash was uncertain – he said: On the day of the expedition of Tabūk the people were stricken by famine, so they said: O Messenger of God, if only you would permit us to slaughter our water-camels, and we would eat and anoint ourselves. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “Do so.” Then ʿUmar came and said: O Messenger of God, if you do that, the riding beasts will become few. Instead, call them to bring the surplus of their provisions, and supplicate God for blessing in them; perhaps God will place blessing in them. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “Yes.” So he called for a leather mat and spread it out, then called for the surplus of their provisions. One man came with a handful of maize, another came with a handful of dates, and another came with a piece of bread, until a small amount of that gathered on the mat. The Messenger of God ﷺ supplicated for blessing, then said to them: “Take into your vessels.” They took into their vessels until they left no vessel in the camp but filled it, and they ate until they were full, and some remained. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “I bear witness that there is no god but God and that I am the Messenger of God. No servant meets God with this, not doubting, and is veiled from Paradise.” And on the authority of ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbbās that it was said to ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb: Tell us about the affair of the hour of hardship. ʿUmar said: We went out to Tabūk in intense heat, and we halted at a stopping place where thirst afflicted us until we thought our necks would snap, so much so that one of us would go in search of the saddle and would not return until he thought his neck would snap, so much so that a man would slaughter his camel, squeeze out its stomach contents, and drink it, then place what remained on his liver. Then Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq said: O Messenger of God, God has accustomed you to good in supplication, so supplicate to God for us. He said: “Would you like that?” He said: Yes. He said: Then he raised his hands toward the sky and did not lower them until the sky spoke, then it shaded, then poured down. They filled what they had with them, then we went to look and found that it had not gone beyond the camp. Its chain is good, and they did not transmit it from this angle. The stubbornness of the hypocrites in accepting the truth Ibn Isḥāq mentioned on the authority of ʿĀṣim b. ʿUmar b. Qatādah, from men of his people, that this incident occurred while they were at al-Ḥijr, and that they said to a man with them, a hypocrite: Woe to you! Is there anything after this? He said: A passing cloud. And he mentioned that the she-camel of the Messenger of God ﷺ went astray, so they went in search of it. The Messenger of God ﷺ said to ʿUmārah b. Ḥazm al-Anṣārī – and he was with him: “A man said: This Muḥammad tells you that he is a prophet and tells you the news of heaven, yet he does not know where his she-camel is. And by God, I know nothing except what God has taught me, and God has directed me to her: she is in the valley, held back by a tree by her halter.” So they went and brought her back, and ʿUmārah returned to his baggage and told them about the news of the man that had come to the Messenger of God ﷺ. A man among those in ʿUmārah’s baggage said: Only Zayd b. al-Luṣayt said that, and he was in ʿUmārah’s baggage before he came. ʿUmārah turned on Zayd, striking his neck, saying: In my baggage there is a calamity and I do not know it. Get away from me, O enemy of God, and do not accompany me. Some people said: Zayd repented. Others said: He remained obstinate until he perished. The increase of water through the blessing of the leftover water of the Messenger of God ﷺ and his good tidings that Tabūk would be filled with gardens On the authority of Abū al-Ṭufayl ʿĀmir b. Wāthilah that Muʿādh b. Jabal informed him that they went out with the Messenger of God ﷺ in the year of Tabūk, and he used to combine ẓuhr and ʿaṣr, and maghrib and ʿishāʾ. He said: One day he delayed the prayer, then came out and prayed ẓuhr and ʿaṣr together, then entered, then came out and prayed maghrib and ʿishāʾ together, then said: “Tomorrow, God willing, you will come to the spring of Tabūk, and you will not reach it until the day is bright. Whoever reaches it should not touch any of its water until I come.” He said: We reached it, and two men had preceded us to it, and the spring was like a shoe-lace, trickling with a little water. The Messenger of God ﷺ asked them: “Have you touched any of its water?” They said: Yes. He rebuked them and said to them what God willed him to say. Then they scooped with their hands from the spring little by little until it gathered in a vessel. Then the Messenger of God ﷺ washed his face and hands in it, then returned it to the spring, and the spring flowed with abundant water. The people drew water. Then the Messenger of God ﷺ said: “O Muʿādh, if life lasts for you, you will soon see this place filled with gardens.” Muslim transmitted it from the ḥadīth of Mālik from him. A ḥadīth-related benefit: Ibn al-Qayyim, may God Almighty have mercy on him, said concerning the ḥadīth of Muʿādh about combining the prayers: Al-Tirmidhī said: “When he departed after the sun had declined, he advanced ʿaṣr to ẓuhr and prayed ẓuhr and ʿaṣr together.” And he said: It is a ḥasan gharīb ḥadīth. Abū Dāwūd said: This is a munkar ḥadīth, and there is no sound ḥadīth on advancing the time. Abū Muḥammad b. Ḥazm said: None of the scholars of ḥadīth know of any audition for Yazīd b. Abī Ḥabīb from Abū al-Ṭufayl. Al-Ḥākim said concerning this ḥadīth of Abū al-Ṭufayl: It is a ḥadīth whose transmitters are trustworthy imams, but it is shādhdh in both chain and text. We do not know of a defect with which to criticize it. Then we examined it and found the ḥadīth to be fabricated. He mentioned on the authority of al-Bukhārī: I said to Qutaybah b. Saʿīd: With whom did you write from al-Layth the ḥadīth of Yazīd b. Abī Ḥabīb from Abū al-Ṭufayl? He said: I wrote it with Khālid al-Madāʾinī, and Khālid al-Madāʾinī used to insert ḥadīths into the shaykhs. Abū Dāwūd also transmitted it: Yazīd b. Khālid b. Yazīd b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Mawhab al-Ramlī narrated to us, saying: Mufaḍḍal b. Faḍālah and al-Layth b. Saʿd narrated to us, from Hishām b. Saʿd, from Abū al-Zubayr, from Abū al-Ṭufayl, from Muʿādh b. Jabal, that the Messenger of God ﷺ during the expedition of Tabūk, when the sun declined before he departed, combined ẓuhr and ʿaṣr, and likewise with maghrib; if the sun set before he departed, he combined maghrib and ʿishāʾ, and if he departed before the sun set, he delayed maghrib until he halted for ʿishāʾ, then combined them. Hishām b. Saʿd is weak according to them; Imam Aḥmad, Ibn Maʿīn, Abū Ḥātim, Abū Zurʿah, and Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd declared him weak, and Yaḥyā would not transmit from him. Al-Nasāʾī also declared him weak. Abū Bakr al-Bazzār said: I have not seen anyone refrain from the ḥadīth of Hishām b. Saʿd or criticize it with a defect that would require such refraining. Abū Dāwūd said: The ḥadīth of al-Mufaḍḍal and al-Layth is munkar. A benefit: Ibn al-Qayyim said: It is established in “Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim” that the Messenger of God ﷺ said to them: “Tomorrow, God willing, you will come to the spring of Tabūk, and you will not reach it until the day is bright. Whoever reaches it should not touch any of its water,” and the ḥadīth has already been mentioned. If the story is one, then the preserved version is the ḥadīth of Muslim; if they are two stories, it is possible. Mention of some of the signs that occurred during the return of the Messenger of God ﷺ from Tabūk to Madinah Muḥammad b. ʿUmar and Abū Nuʿaym transmitted on the authority of Abū Qatādah ؓ who said: While we were traveling with the Messenger of God ﷺ in the army at night, and he was returning, and I was with him, he dozed off – and he was on his mount – and leaned to one side. I drew near to him and supported him, and he woke up and said: “Who is this?” I said: Abū Qatādah, O Messenger of God; I feared you would fall and so supported you. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “May God protect you as you have protected His Messenger.” Then he traveled on for a short while, then did the same thing again. I supported him and he woke up and said: “O Abū Qatādah, would you like to halt for the night?” I said: Whatever you wish, O Messenger of God. He said: “Look who is behind you.” I looked and there were two or three men. He said: “Call them.” I said: Answer the Messenger of God ﷺ. They came, and we halted for the night – we were five – with the Messenger of God ﷺ. I had with me a water-skin containing water and a small basin from which I drank. We slept and did not wake except with the heat of the sun. We said: To God we belong; we missed the dawn prayer. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “We will anger Satan as he has angered us.” Then he performed ablution from the water of the water-skin, and some remained, so he said: “O Abū Qatādah, keep what is in the water-skin and the basin, for they will have a matter.” He ﷺ led us in the dawn prayer after sunrise, and he recited from al-Māʾidah. When he finished the prayer, he said: “Indeed, if they had obeyed Abū Bakr and ʿUmar, they would have been guided.” That is because Abū Bakr and ʿUmar wanted the army to halt at the water, but they refused them that, so they halted without water in a desolate land. The Messenger of God ﷺ mounted and caught up with the army at the sun’s decline, and we were with him. The necks of the horses, men, and camels were nearly cut off from thirst. The Messenger of God ﷺ called for the basin and poured what was in the water-skin into it, and placed his fingers on it, and water gushed from between his fingers. The people came and drew water, and water overflowed until they drank and gave drink to their horses and camels. In the camp there were twelve thousand camels, the people were thirty thousand, and the horses were twelve thousand. That is the meaning of the Messenger of God ﷺ saying: “Keep the basin and the water-skin.” Muḥammad b. ʿUmar and Abū Nuʿaym transmitted on the authority of a group of the scholars of military expeditions, who said: While the Messenger of God ﷺ was traveling down toward Madinah in intense heat, the army became severely thirsty after the first two times, to the point that no water, little or much, could be found for the lips. They complained of that to the Messenger of God ﷺ, so he sent Usayd b. al-Ḥuḍayr on a summer day, and he was veiled. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “Perhaps you will find water for us.” Usayd went out, and he was between Tabūk and al-Ḥajar in every direction, and he found a water-skin with water with a woman of Balī. Usayd spoke to her and told her the news of the Messenger of God ﷺ. She said: Here is this water; take it to the Messenger of God ﷺ. She had described the water to him, and between it and the road was a short distance. When Usayd brought the water, the Messenger of God ﷺ supplicated in it and asked for blessing in it, then said: “Come, I will give you drink.” No water-skin remained with them but they filled it. Then he called for their camels and horses, and they gave them drink until they had their fill. It is said that he ﷺ ordered what Usayd had brought to be poured into a large wooden bowl of the vessels of the desert people. The Messenger of God ﷺ inserted his hand into it, washed his face, hands, and feet, then prayed two rakʿahs, then raised his hands outstretched, then departed while the bowl was bubbling. The Messenger of God ﷺ said to the people: “Come to drink.” The water spread out and the people dispersed until a hundred and two hundred were arranged around it, and they drank their fill, while the bowl was overflowing with abundance. Then the Messenger of God ﷺ departed, cooled and satisfied. The blessing of the hand of the Messenger of God ﷺ in food and his saying: the believer eats in one intestine Mention of the sign regarding the dates and dried curds that Bilāl brought at Tabūk Muḥammad b. ʿUmar transmitted on the authority of his shaykhs, who said: A man from Banū Saʿd Hudhaym said: I came to the Messenger of God ﷺ while he was sitting at Tabūk with a group. He said: “O Bilāl, feed us.” Bilāl spread a leather mat, then began to take from a leather bag of his. He brought out handfuls with his hand of dates kneaded with clarified butter and dried curds. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “Eat.” We ate until we were full. I said: O Messenger of God, I used to eat this amount alone. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “The disbeliever eats in seven intestines, and the believer eats in one intestine.” Then I came the next day seeking his meal to increase in certainty of Islam, and there were ten people around him. He said: “Bring, feed us, O Bilāl.” He began to take out dates from a sack by the handful, handful after handful, and he said: “Take out, and do not fear from the Owner of the Throne any decrease.” He brought the sack and spread it. He said: I estimated it as two mudds. The Messenger of God ﷺ placed his hand on the dates and said: “Eat in the name of God.” The people ate, and I ate with them, and I ate until I could find no passage for more. He said: There remained on the mat the like of what Bilāl had brought, as if we had not eaten a single date from it. He said: Then I went the next morning, and a group returned; they were ten or more by one or two men. The Messenger of God ﷺ said: “O Bilāl, feed us.” Bilāl came with that same sack, I recognize it, and he scattered the dates, and the Messenger of God ﷺ placed his hand on them and said: “Eat in the name of God.” We ate until we had our fill, then it returned to the like of what he had poured. He did that for three days. Another story: Muḥammad b. ʿUmar, Abū Nuʿaym, and Ibn ʿAsākir related from ʿIrbāḍ b. Sāriyah ؓ, who said: I used to keep close to the door of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when at home and on journeys. One night, while we were at Tabūk, we went to relieve ourselves, and when we returned to the Messenger of Allah's ﷺ lodging, he had already eaten supper with his guests, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ intended to enter his tent, accompanied by his wife Umm Salamah. When I appeared before him, he said: "Where have you been since tonight?" I informed him. Then Jiʿāl b. Surāqah and ʿAbd Allāh b. Mughaffal al-Muzanī appeared, so we were three, all hungry, simply frequenting the door of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered the tent and looked for something for us to eat but found nothing. He came out to us and called: "O Bilāl, is there any supper for these people?" Bilāl said: "By the One who sent you with the truth, we have shaken out our provision bags and waterskins." He said: "Look, perhaps you will find something." So Bilāl took the bags and shook them one by one, and a date or two fell out, until I saw seven dates in his hand. Then he called for a large bowl, placed the dates in it, put his hand over them, and mentioned the name of Allah, the Exalted, saying: "Eat in the name of Allah." We ate, and I counted fifty-four dates, counting them precisely, with their pits in my other hand, while my two companions did the same as I. We were satisfied; each of us ate fifty dates, and when we lifted our hands, the seven dates were still as they were. He said: "O Bilāl, take them away, for no one eats from them except he drinks his fill of satiety." When morning came, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ performed the dawn prayer, then retired to the area in front of his tent and sat down, and we sat around him. He recited ten verses from Sūrat al-Muʾminūn. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Would you like breakfast?" ʿIrbāḍ said: I said to myself, what breakfast? He called Bilāl for the dates, placed his hand over them in the bowl, then said: "Eat in the name of Allah." We ate—and by the One who sent him with the truth—until we were full, even though we were ten. Then they lifted their hands from them satisfied, and the dates were still as they were. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Were it not that I would be ashamed before my Lord, we could have eaten from these dates until we reached Madinah with the last of us." Then a Bedouin boy appeared before them, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ took the dates and gave them to him. The boy went away chewing them. Al-Ṭabarānī related with trustworthy narrators, and Abū Nuʿaym, from Muḥammad b. Ḥamzah b. ʿAmr al-Aslamī, from his father, from his grandfather ؓ, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ set out on the expedition of Tabūk, and I was in his service at that time. I noticed a skin of clarified butter whose contents had diminished. I prepared food for the Prophet ﷺ and placed the skin in the sun, then I slept. I was awakened by the gurgling of the skin, so I got up and seized its opening with my hand. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw me and said: "Had you left it, the valley would have flowed with clarified butter." His ﷺ halting at Dhū al-Marwah and the signs that occurred there Al-Ṭabarānī related from ʿAbd Allāh b. Salām ؓ: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by al-Khalījah on his journey to Tabūk, his companions said to him: "The resting place, O Messenger of Allah, is the shade and the water"—for there were dum palm trees and water there. He said: "It is the land of the crop of a group of people; leave it, for she is commanded"—meaning his she-camel. So she went on until she knelt beneath the dum palm that was in the mosque of Dhū al-Marwah.
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