Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1503
The Expedition of Ḥunayn (Hawāzin)
ذِكْرُ مَنِ اسْتُشْهِدَ بِحُنَيْنٍ أَيْمَنُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ الْخَزْرَجِيُّ وَابْنُ أُمِّ أَيْمَنَ، وَسُرَاقَةُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، وَرَقِيمُ بْنُ ثَابِتِ بْنِ ثَعْلَبَةَ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ لُوذَانَ، وَأَبُو عَامِرٍ الْأَشْعَرِيُّ أُصِيبَ بِأَوْطَاسَ، كَمَا سَيَأْتِي فِي السَّرَايَا، وَيَزِيدُ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ بْنِ الْأَسْوَدِ جَمَحَ بِهِ فَرَسٌ يُقَالُ لَهُ الْجَنَاحُ فَقُتِلَ. [ مَقْتَلُ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْأَشْعَرِيِّ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي آثَارِ مَنْ تَوَجَّهَ قِبَلَ أَوْطَاسٍ أَبَا عَامِرٍ الْأَشْعَرِيَّ، فَأَدْرَكَ مِنْ النَّاسِ بَعْضَ مَنْ انْهَزَمَ، فَنَاوَشُوهُ الْقِتَالَ فَرُمِيَ أَبُو عَامِرٍ بِسَهْمِ فَقُتِلَ، فَأَخَذَ الرَّايَةَ أَبُو مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيُّ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ فَقَاتَلَهُمْ، فَفَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ وَهَزَمَهُمْ. فَيَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّ سَلَمَةَ بْنَ دُرَيْدٍ هُوَ الَّذِي رَمَى أَبَا عَامِرٍ الْأَشْعَرِيَّ بِسَهْمِ، فَأَصَابَ رُكْبَتَهُ، فَقَتَلَهُ قال ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَحَدَّثَنِي مَنْ أَثِقُ بِهِ مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ بِالشِّعْرِ، وَحَدِيثُهُ: أَنَّ أَبَا عَامِرٍ الْأَشْعَرِيَّ لَقِيَ يَوْمَ أَوْطَاسٍ عَشَرَةَ إخْوَةٍ مِنْ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ أَحَدُهُمْ، فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو عَامِرٍ وَهُوَ يَدْعُوهُ إلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَيَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ اشْهَدْ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَتَلَهُ أَبُو عَامِرٍ، ثُمَّ حَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ آخَرُ، فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو عَامِرٍ، وَهُوَ يَدْعُوهُ إلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَيَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ اشْهَدْ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَتَلَهُ أَبُو عَامِرٍ: ثُمَّ جَعَلُوا يَحْمِلُونَ عَلَيْهِ رَجُلًا رَجُلًا، وَيَحْمِلُ أَبُو عَامِرٍ وَيَقُولُ ذَلِكَ، حَتَّى قَتَلَ تِسْعَةً، وَبَقِيَ الْعَاشِرُ، فَحَمَلَ عَلَى أَبِي عَامِرٍ، وَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِ أَبُو عَامِرٍ، وَهُوَ يَدْعُوهُ إلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَيَقُولُ: اللَّهُمَّ اشْهَدْ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: اللَّهُمَّ لَا تَشْهَدْ عَلَيَّ، فَكَفَّ عَنْهُ أَبُو عَامِرٍ، فَأَفْلَتْ، ثُمَّ أَسْلَمَ بَعْدُ فَحَسُنَ إسْلَامُهُ. فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إذَا رَآهُ قَالَ: هَذَا شَرِيدُ أَبِي عَامِرٍ. وَرَمَى أَبَا عَامِرٍ أَخَوَانِ: الْعَلَاءُ وَأَوْفَى ابْنَا الْحَارِثِ، مِنْ بَنِي جُشَمِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ، فَأَصَابَ أَحَدُهُمَا قَلْبَهُ، وَالْآخَرُ رُكْبَتَهُ، فَقَتَلَاهُ. وَوَلِيَ النَّاسَ أَبُو مُوسَى الْأَشْعَرِيُّ فَحَمَلَ عَلَيْهِمَا فَقَتَلَهُمَا، فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي جُشَمِ بْنِ مُعَاوِيَةَ يَرْثِيهِمَا إنَّ الرَّزِيَّةَ قَتْلُ الْعَلَاءِ وَأَوْفَى جَمِيعًا وَلَمْ يُسْنَدَا هُمَا الْقَاتِلَانِ أَبَا عَامِرٍ وَقَدْ كَانَ ذَا هَبَّةٍ أَرْبَدَا هُمَا تَرَكَاهُ لَدَى مَعْرَكٍ كَأَنَّ عَلَى عِطْفِهِ مُجْسَدَا فَلَمْ تَرَ فِي النَّاسِ مِثْلَيْهِمَا أَقَلَّ عِثَارًا وَأَرْمَى يَدَا وفي رواية قال أَبُو مُوسَى: فَرُمِيَ أَبُو عَامِرٍ فِي رُكْبَتِهِ، رَمَاهُ جُشَمِيٌّ بِسَهْمٍ فَأَثْبَتَهُ فِي رُكْبَتِهِ. قَالَ فَانْتَهَيْتُ إِلَيْهِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا عَمِّ، مَنْ رَمَاكَ؟ فَأَشَارَ إِلَى أَبِي مُوسَى فَقَالَ: ذَاكَ قَاتِلِي الَّذِي رَمَانِي. فَقَصَدْتُ لَهُ فَلَحِقْتُهُ، فَلَمَّا رَآنِي وَلَّى، فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ وَجَعَلْتُ أَقُولُ لَهُ: أَلَا تَسْتَحِي؟ أَلَا تَثْبُتُ؟ فَكَفَّ، فَاخْتَلَفْنَا ضَرْبَتَيْنِ بِالسَّيْفِ فَقَتَلْتُهُ، ثُمَّ قُلْتُ لِأَبِي عَامِرٍ: قَتَلَ اللَّهُ صَاحِبَكَ. قَالَ: فَانْزِعْ هَذَا السَّهْمَ. فَنَزَعْتُهُ فَنَزَا مِنْهُ الْمَاءُ. قَالَ: يَا ابْنَ أَخِي أَقْرِئْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ السَّلَامَ، وَقُلْ لَهُ اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي. وَاسْتَخْلَفَنِي أَبُو عَامِرٍ عَلَى النَّاسِ، فَمَكَثَ يَسِيرًا ثُمَّ مَاتَ، فَرَجَعْتُ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي بَيْتِهِ عَلَى سَرِيرٍ مُرَمَّلٍ، وَعَلَيْهِ فِرَاشٌ قَدْ أَثَّرَ رِمَالُ السَّرِيرِ بِظَهْرِهِ وَجَنْبَيْهِ، فَأَخْبَرْتُهُ بِخَبَرِنَا وَخَبَرِ أَبِي عَامِرٍ وَقَوْلِهِ: قُلْ لَهُ: اسْتَغْفِرْ لِي. قَالَ فَدَعَا بِمَاءٍ فَتَوَضَّأَ، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ يَدَيْهِ فَقَالَ: " اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِعُبَيْدٍ أَبِي عَامِرٍ ". وَرَأَيْتُ بَيَاضَ إِبِطَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: " اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَوْقَ كَثِيرٍ مِنْ خَلْقِكَ " أَوْ " مِنَ النَّاسِ ". فَقُلْتُ: وَلِي فَاسْتَغْفِرْ. فَقَالَ: " اللَّهُمَّ اغْفِرْ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ ذَنْبَهُ، وَأَدْخِلْهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ مُدْخَلًا كَرِيمًا ".
Translation
✧ Mention of those who were martyred at Ḥunayn Ayman b. ʿUbayd Allāh b. Zayd al-Khazrajī, the son of Umm Ayman; Surāqa b. al-Ḥārith al-Anṣārī; Raqīm b. Thābit b. Thaʿlaba b. Zayd b. Lūdhān; and Abū ʿĀmir al-Ashʿarī, who was struck at Awṭās, as will come in the expeditions; and Yazīd b. Zamʿa b. al-Aswad: a horse of his called al-Janāḥ bolted with him and he was killed. [The killing of Abū ʿĀmir al-Ashʿarī] Ibn Isḥāq said: The Messenger of God ﷺ sent Abū ʿĀmir al-Ashʿarī in pursuit of those who had headed toward Awṭās. He caught up with some of those who had fled, and they engaged him in skirmishing. Abū ʿĀmir was shot with an arrow and killed. Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī, who was his paternal cousin, took the banner and fought them, and God granted victory at his hands and defeated them. They claim that Salama b. Durayd was the one who shot Abū ʿĀmir al-Ashʿarī with an arrow; it struck his knee and killed him. Ibn Hishām said: A person I trust among the scholars of poetry related to me, and his account is: Abū ʿĀmir al-Ashʿarī encountered on the day of Awṭās ten brothers from the polytheists. One of them charged at him, and Abū ʿĀmir charged at him while calling him to Islam and saying: "O God, bear witness against him," and Abū ʿĀmir killed him. Then another charged at him, and Abū ʿĀmir charged at him while calling him to Islam and saying: "O God, bear witness against him," and Abū ʿĀmir killed him. Then they began to charge at him one by one, and Abū ʿĀmir charged and said that, until he had killed nine. The tenth remained; he charged at Abū ʿĀmir, and Abū ʿĀmir charged at him while calling him to Islam and saying: "O God, bear witness against him." The man said: "O God, do not bear witness against me," so Abū ʿĀmir held back from him, and he escaped. He later became a Muslim, and his Islam was good. Whenever the Messenger of God ﷺ saw him, he would say: "This is the fugitive of Abū ʿĀmir." Two brothers, al-ʿAlāʾ and Awfā, the two sons of al-Ḥārith, of Banū Jusham b. Muʿāwiya, shot Abū ʿĀmir. One of them hit his heart and the other his knee, and they killed him. Abū Mūsā al-Ashʿarī took charge of the people and charged at them and killed them. A man of Banū Jusham b. Muʿāwiya said in mourning for them: Truly the calamity is the killing of al-ʿAlāʾ and Awfā together, and they were not laid to rest; they are the two who killed Abū ʿĀmir, and he was one of vigor, dark-hued; they left him at a battlefield, as if upon his side was a striped garment; you will not see among people the like of them two, less prone to stumbling and more sure of hand. In another version, Abū Mūsā said: Abū ʿĀmir was shot in his knee; a Jushamī shot him with an arrow and lodged it in his knee. He said: I came to him and said: "O uncle, who shot you?" He pointed to Abū Mūsā and said: "That is my killer, the one who shot me." So I went straight for him and caught up with him. When he saw me, he turned to flee, and I followed him and kept saying to him: "Are you not ashamed? Will you not stand firm?" So he stopped, and we exchanged two blows with swords, and I killed him. Then I said to Abū ʿĀmir: "May God kill your companion." He said: "Then pull out this arrow." I pulled it out, and water gushed from it. He said: "O son of my brother, convey peace to the Messenger of God ﷺ, and tell him to ask forgiveness for me." Abū ʿĀmir appointed me as his successor over the people, and he remained a short while, then died. I returned and entered upon the Messenger of God ﷺ in his house, upon a bed of woven palm ropes, with a covering; the ropes of the bed had left marks on his back and sides. I told him our news and the news of Abū ʿĀmir and his saying: "Tell him to ask forgiveness for me." He said: So he called for water, performed ablution, then raised his hands and said: "O God, forgive ʿUbayd Abū ʿĀmir." I saw the whiteness of his armpits. Then he said: "O God, make him on the Day of Resurrection above many of Your creation," or "of the people." So I said: "And for me, ask forgiveness." He said: "O God, forgive ʿAbd Allāh b. Qays his sin, and admit him on the Day of Resurrection to a noble entrance."
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