Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1353
The Expedition of Khaybar
قِصَّةَ الْعَبْدِ الْأَسْوَدِ؛ الَّذِي رَزَقَهُ اللَّهُ الْإِيمَانَ وَالشَّهَادَةَ فِي سَاعَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ رَوَى الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ أَنَسٍ ؓ وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، وَعَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ عُقْبَةَ: أَنَّ عَبْدًا حَبَشِيًّا لِرَجُلٍ مِنْ أَهْلِ خَيْبَرَ وقال محمد بن سعد كَانَ يَسَارٌ عَبْدًا لِعَامِرٍ الْيَهُودِيِّ يَرْعَى غَنَمًا لَهُ لَمَّا رَآهُمْ قَدْ أَخَذُوا السِّلَاحَ وَاسْتَعَدُّوا لِقِتَالِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَأَلَهُمْ: مَا تُرِيدُونَ ؟ قَالُوا: نُقَاتِلُ هَذَا الرَّجُلَ، الَّذِي يَزْعُمُ أَنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ. فَوَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِهِ ذِكْرُ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فَخَرَجَ بِغَنَمِهِ لِيَرْعَاهَا، فَأَخَذَهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ، فَجَاءُوا بِهِ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَفِي لَفْظِ ابْنِ عُقْبَةَ: أَنَّهُ عَمَدَ بِغَنَمِهِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَكَلَّمَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُكَلِّمَهُ، فَقَالَ الرَّجُلُ: مَاذَا تَقُولُ، وَمَاذَا تَدْعُو إِلَيْهِ ؟ قَالَ: «أَدْعُوكَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَأَنْ تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَأَنْ لَا تَعْبُدَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ». قَالَ الْعَبْدُ: وَمَاذَا يَكُونُ لِي إِنْ شَهِدْتَ بِذَلِكَ، وَآمَنْتَ بِاللَّهِ تَعَالَى ؟ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «لَكَ الْجَنَّةُ إِنْ آمَنْتَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ» فَأَسْلَمَ الْعَبْدُ، وَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنِّي رَجُلٌ أَسْوَدُ اللَّوْنِ قَبِيحُ الْوَجْهِ، مُنْتِنُ الرِّيحِ، لَا مَالَ لِي، فَإِنْ قَاتَلْتُ هَؤُلَاءِ حَتَّى أَقْتُلَ، أَدْخُلُ الْجَنَّةَ ؟ قَالَ: «نَعَمْ». قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْغَنَمَ عِنْدِي أَمَانَةٌ فَكَيْفَ بِهَا ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَخْرِجْهَا مِنَ الْعَسْكَرِ، وَارْمِهَا بِالْحَصْبَاءِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - سَيُؤَدِّي عَنْكَ أَمَانَتَكَ» فَفَعَلَ، وَأَعْجَبَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَلِمَتُهُ، فَخَرَجَتِ الْغَنَمُ تَشْتَدُّ مُجْتَمِعَةً كَأَنَّ سَائِقًا يَسُوقُهَا حَتَّى دَخَلَتْ كُلُّ شَاةٍ إِلَى أَهْلِهَا، فَعَرَفَ الْيَهُودِيُّ أَنَّ غُلَامَهُ قَدْ أَسْلَمَ، ثُمَّ تَقَدَّمَ الْعَبْدُ الْأَسْوَدُ إِلَى الصَّفِّ، فَقَاتَلَ فَأَصَابَهُ سَهْمٌ فَقَتَلَهُ، وَلَمْ يُصَلِّ لِلَّهِ - تَعَالَى - سَجْدَةً قَطُّ، فَاحْتَمَلَهُ الْمُسْلِمُونَ إِلَى عَسْكَرِهِمْ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «أَدْخَلُوهُ الْفُسْطَاطَ»، وَفِي لَفْظٍ «الْخِبَاءَ» فَأَدْخَلُوهُ خِبَاءَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَ فَقَالَ «لَقَدْ حَسُنَ إِسْلَامُ صَاحِبِكُمْ، لَقَدْ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ، وَإِنَّ عِنْدَهُ لَزَوْجَتَيْنِ لَهُ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ». وَفِي حَدِيثِ أَنَسٍ: فَأَتَى عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ مَقْتُولٌ، فَقَالَ: «لَقَدْ حَسَّنَ اللَّهُ وَجْهَكَ، وَطَيَّبَ رِيحَكَ، وَكَثَّرَ مَالَكَ، لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ زَوْجَتَيْهِ مِنَ الْحُورِ الْعِينِ يَنْزِعَانِ جُبَّتَهُ يَدْخُلَانِ فِيمَا بَيْنَ جِلْدِهِ وَجُبَّتِهِ». وَعِنْدَ ابْنِ إِسْحَاقَ «يَنْفُضَانِ التُّرَابَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ، وَيَقُولَانِ: «تَرَّبَ اللَّهُ وَجْهَ مَنْ تَرَّبَكَ وَقَتَلَ مَنْ قَتَلَكَ».
Translation
✧ The story of the black slave whom God granted faith and martyrdom in a single hour. Al-Bayhaqī narrated from Jābir b. ʿAbd Allāh, and al-Bayhaqī from Anas ؓ, and al-Bayhaqī from ʿUrwah, and from Mūsā b. ʿUqbah: that an Abyssinian slave belonging to a man from the people of Khaybar—and Muḥammad b. Saʿd said: Yasār was a slave of ʿĀmir the Jew, herding sheep for him—when he saw them taking up weapons and preparing to fight the Messenger of God ﷺ, he asked them: "What do you intend?" They said: "We will fight this man who claims that he is a prophet." Then mention of the Prophet ﷺ fell into his heart, so he went out with his sheep to graze them, and the Muslims seized him and brought him to the Messenger of God ﷺ. In the wording of Ibn ʿUqbah: he headed with his sheep to the Messenger of God ﷺ, and the Messenger of God ﷺ spoke to him as much as God willed that he speak to him. The man said: "What do you say, and what do you call to?" He said: "I call you to Islam, that you bear witness that there is no god but God and that I am the Messenger of God, and that you worship none but God." The slave said: "What will be for me if I bear witness to that and believe in God, exalted is He?" The Messenger of God ﷺ said: "Paradise will be yours if you believe in that." So the slave became Muslim and said: "O Messenger of God, I am a man black in color, ugly of face, foul of smell, with no wealth. If I fight these people until I am killed, will I enter Paradise?" He said: "Yes." He said: "O Messenger of God, these sheep are a trust in my keeping, so what should I do with them?" The Messenger of God ﷺ said: "Take them out of the army and drive them away with pebbles, for God, mighty and glorious, will discharge your trust for you." So he did, and his words pleased the Messenger of God ﷺ. The sheep went out running together as if a herdsman was driving them until every sheep entered to its owner. Then the Jew knew that his slave had become Muslim. Then the black slave advanced to the battle line and fought, and an arrow struck him and killed him, and he had never prayed a single prostration to God, exalted is He. The Muslims carried him to their camp, and the Messenger of God ﷺ said: "Bring him into the tent," and in one wording, "the pavilion." So they brought him into the pavilion of the Messenger of God ﷺ. When the Messenger of God ﷺ had finished, he entered upon him, then he came out and said: "The Islam of your companion has become excellent. I entered upon him, and he had with him two wives from the houris of Paradise." In the hadith of Anas: the Messenger of God ﷺ came upon him when he was slain and said: "God has made your face beautiful, made your scent pleasant, and multiplied your wealth. I saw his two wives from the houris pulling off his coat, passing between his skin and his coat." According to Ibn Isḥāq: "They were brushing the dust from his face and saying: 'May God cover with dust the face of the one who covered you with dust and kill the one who killed you.'"
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