Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1329
The Treaty of al-Hudaybiyah
، وَأَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ « بِالْحُدَيْبِيَةِ تِسْعَةَ عَشَرَ يَوْمًا، وَيُقَالُ عِشْرِينَ لَيْلَةً، ذَكَرَهُ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، وَابْنُ سَعْدٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ عَائِذٍ: وَأَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي غَزْوَتِهِ هَذِهِ شَهْرًا وَنِصْفًا. ذِكْرُ رُجُوعِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ - صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَل?يْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - وَعَنْ أَبِي خُنَيْسٍ الْغِفَارِيِّ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ عَنْ شُيُوخِهِ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا انْصَرَفَ مِنَ « الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ » نَزَلَ بِمَرِّ «الظَّهْرَانِ» ثُمَّ نَزَلَ «بِعُسْفَانَ» وَأَرْمَلُوا مِنَ الزَّادِ، فَشَكَا النَّاسُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ بَلَغُوا مِنَ الْجُوعِ الْجَهْدَ، وَفِي النَّاسِ ظَهْرٌ، فَقَالُوا: نَنْحَرُهُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَنَدَّهِنُ مِنْ شُحُومِهِ وَنَتَّخِذُ مِنْ جُلُودِهِ أَحْذِيَةً فَأَذِنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأُخْبِرَ بِذَلِكَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ فَجَاءَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ لَا تَفْعَلْ، فَإِنْ يَكُنْ فِي النَّاسِ بَقِيَّةُ ظَهْرٍ يَكُنْ أَمْثَلَ، كَيْفَ بِنَا إِذَا نَحْنُ لَقِينَا الْعَدُوَّ غَدًا جِيَاعًا رِجَالًا ؟ ! وَلَكِنْ إِنْ رَأَيْتَ أَنْ تَدْعُوَ النَّاسَ بِبَقَايَا أَزْوَادِهِمْ فَتَجْمَعُهَا ثُمَّ تَدْعُو فِيهَا بِالْبَرَكَةِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ سَيُبَلِّغُنَا بِدَعْوَتِكَ، وَدَعَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ النَّاسَ بِبَقَايَا أَزْوَادِهِمْ وَبَسَطَ نَطْعًا فَجَعَلَ النَّاسُ يَجِيئُونَ بِالْحَفْنَةِ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَفَوْقَ ذَلِكَ، فَكَانَ أَعْلَاهُمْ مَنْ جَاءَ بِصَاعِ تَمْرٍ، فَاجْتَمَعَ زَادُ الْقَوْمِ عَلَى النَّطْعِ، قَالَ سَلَمَةُ: فَتَطَاوَلْتُ لِأُحَرِّرَكُمْ هُوَ فَحَرَّرْتُهُ كَرُبْضَةِ عَنْزٍ وَنَحْنُ أَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ مِائَةً، فَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَدَعَا بِمَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَدْعُوَ، فَأَكَلُوا حَتَّى شَبِعُوا، ثُمَّ حَشَوْا أَوْعِيَتَهُمْ، وَبَقِيَ مِثْلُهُ، فَضَحِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى بَدَتْ نَوَاجِذُهُ، وَقَالَ: «أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَاللَّهِ لَا يَلْقَى اللَّهَ - تَعَالَى - عَبْدٌ مُؤْمِنٌ بِهِمَا إِلَّا حُجِبَ مِنَ النَّارِ». ثُمَّ أَذِنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الرَّحِيلِ، فَلَمَّا ارْتَحَلُوا أُمْطِرُوا مَا شَاءُوا وَهُمْ صَائِفُونَ، فَنَزَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَنَزَلُوا، فَشَرِبُوا مِنْ مَاءِ السَّمَاءِ. ثُمَّ قَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَخَطَبَهُمْ، فَجَاءَ ثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ فَجَلَسَ اثْنَانِ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَذَهَبَ وَاحِدٌ مَعْرَضًا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «أَلَا أُخْبِرُكُمْ عَنِ الثَّلَاثَةِ ؟ قَالُوا: بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. قَالَ: أَمَّا وَاحِدٌ فَاسْتَحْيَا فَاسْتَحْيَا اللَّهُ مِنْهُ، وَأَمَّا الْآخَرُ فَتَابَ فَتَابَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ، أَمَّا الثَّالِثُ فَأَعْرَضَ. فَأَعْرَضَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ». وَرَوَى الْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ عُرْوَةَ قَالَ: قَفَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَاجِعًا فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا هَذَا بِفَتْحٍ، لَقَدْ صُدِدْنَا عَنِ الْبَيْتِ وَصُدَّ هَدْيُنَا. وَرَدَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَجُلَيْنِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كَانَا خَرَجَا إِلَيْهِ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ: «بِئْسَ الْكَلَامُ، بَلْ هُوَ أَعْظَمُ الْفَتْحِ، قَدْ رَضِيَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ أَنْ يَدْفَعُوكُمْ بِالرَّاحِ عَنْ بِلَادِهِمْ. وَيَسْأَلُوكُمُ الْقَضِيَّةَ، وَيَرْغَبُونَ إِلَيْكُمْ فِي الْأَمَانِ، وَلَقَدْ رَأَوْا مِنْكُمْ مَا كَرِهُوا، وَأَظْفَرَكُمُ اللَّهُ - تَعَالَى - عَلَيْهِمْ وَرَدَّكُمْ سَالِمِينَ مَأْجُورِينَ فَهُوَ أَعْظَمُ الْفَتْحِ، أَنَسِيتُمْ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ ؟ إِذْ تُصْعِدُونَ وَلَا تَلْوُونَ عَلَى أَحَدٍ، وَأَنَا أَدْعُوكُمْ فِي أُخْرَاكُمْ!! أَنَسِيتُمْ يَوْمَ الْأَحْزَابِ ؟ إِذْ جَاءُوكُمْ مِنْ فَوْقِكُمْ وَمِنْ أَسْفَلِ مِنْكُمْ وَإِذْ زَاغَتِ الْأَبْصَارُ وَبَلَغَتِ الْقُلُوبُ الْحَنَاجِرَ وَتَظُنُّونَ بِاللَّهِ الظَّنُونَا !! فَقَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ: صَدَقَ اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، فَهُوَ أَعْظَمُ الْفُتُوحِ، وَاللَّهِ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ مَا فَكَّرْنَا فِيمَا فَكَّرْتَ فِيهِ، وَلَأَنْتَ أَعْلَمُ بِاللَّهِ وَبِالْأُمُورِ مِنَّا.
Translation
✧ And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed at al-Ḥudaybiyah for nineteen days, and it is said twenty nights—this was mentioned by Muḥammad b. ʿUmar and Ibn Saʿd. Ibn ʿĀʾidh said: And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed during this expedition of his for a month and a half. Mention of the return of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ And on the authority of Abū Khunays al-Ghifārī, and Muḥammad b. ʿUmar on the authority of his shaykhs: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ departed from al-Ḥudaybiyah, he halted at Marr al-Ẓahrān, then he halted at ʿUsfān, and they ran out of provisions. The people complained to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that they had reached extreme hunger, and there were riding camels among the people. They said: We shall slaughter them, O Messenger of Allah, and anoint ourselves with their fat and make sandals from their hides. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave permission. ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb was informed of that, so he came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: O Messenger of Allah, do not do it. If there remains among the people any riding camels, let it be better. How will it be with us if we meet the enemy tomorrow hungry and on foot?! But if you see fit to call the people to bring the remnants of their provisions, gather them, then invoke blessing over them, then Allah will suffice us by your supplication. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called the people to bring the remnants of their provisions and spread out a leather mat. The people began coming with handfuls of food and more than that, and the most any of them brought was a ṣāʿ of dates. The provisions of the people gathered on the mat. Salamah said: I stretched myself out to estimate it for you, and I estimated it to be like the resting place of a goat, while we were one thousand four hundred. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood and supplicated with whatever Allah willed that he supplicate, and they ate until they were full, then they filled their vessels, and the like of it remained. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ laughed until his molars showed, and said: "I bear witness that there is no god but Allah and that I am the Messenger of Allah. By Allah, no believing servant will meet Allah—Exalted is He—holding these two, except that he will be veiled from the Fire." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave permission to depart. When they set off, they were rained upon as much as they wished while they were summer travelers. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ halted and they halted, and they drank from the water of the sky. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ stood and addressed them. Three individuals came; two sat with the Prophet ﷺ and one went away turning aside. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Shall I inform you about the three?" They said: Yes, O Messenger of Allah. He said: "As for one, he was shy, so Allah was shy of him; as for the other, he repented, so Allah turned to him; as for the third, he turned away, so Allah turned away from him." Al-Bayhaqī narrated from ʿUrwah: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ returned homeward, and a man among the Companions of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: This is not a victory; we have been barred from the House and our sacrificial animals were barred. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ had sent back two believing men who had gone out to him. That reached the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so he said: "What a bad statement! Rather, it is the greatest victory. The polytheists have been content to push you away from their lands with a truce, to ask you for a pact, and to desire security from you. They have seen from you what they disliked, and Allah—Exalted is He—has granted you victory over them, and returned you safe and rewarded. So it is the greatest victory. Have you forgotten the day of Uḥud, when you were climbing and did not turn around for anyone, while I was calling you from behind? Have you forgotten the day of the Confederates, when they came upon you from above you and from below you, and when the eyes swerved and the hearts reached the throats, and you thought about Allah various thoughts?" The Muslims said: Allah and His Messenger have spoken the truth. By Allah, O Prophet of Allah, we did not consider what you considered, and you are more knowledgeable about Allah and about affairs than we.
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