Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1281
The Expedition of Dhi Qarad (the Expedition of al-Ghabah)
وَالسَّبَبُ فِيهَا إِغَارَةُ عُيَيْنَةَ بْنِ حِصْنِ بْنِ حُذَيْفَةَ الْفَزَارِيِّ فِي خَيْلِ غَطَفَانَ عَلَى لَقَاحِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ - ﷺ. رَوَى الشَّيْخَانِ، وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ أَبِي عُبَيْدٍ، وَمُسْلِمٌ وَابْنُ سَعْدٍ، وَالْبَيْهَقِيُّ عَنْ إِيَاسِ بْنِ سَلَمَةَ بْنِ الْأَكْوَعِ كِلَاهُمَا عَنْ سَلَمَةَ - ؓ. وَابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَاصِمِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ قَتَادَةَ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَمَنْ لَا يُتَّهَمُ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ عَنْ شُيُوخِهِ، وَابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ رِجَالِهِ، أَنَّ لَقَاحَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَتْ عِشْرِينَ لِقْحَةً وَكَانَتْ تَرْعَى الْبَيْضَاءَ وَدُونَ الْبَيْضَاءِ إِلَى الْجَبَلِ، وَهُوَ طَرِيقُ خَيْبَرَ، فَأَجْدَبَ مَا هُنَالِكَ فَقَرَّبُوهَا إِلَى الْغَابَةِ تُصِيبُ مِنْ أَثْلِهَا وَطَرْفَائِهَا وَتَغْدُو فِي الشَّجَرِ، وَكَانَ الرَّاعِي يَؤُوبُ بِلَبَنِهَا كُلَّ لَيْلَةٍ عِنْدَ الْمَغْرِبِ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: وَكَانَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ قَدِ اسْتَأْذَنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى لَقَاحِهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ «إِنِّي أَخَافُ عَلَيْكَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الضَّاحِيَةِ أَنْ تُغِيرَ عَلَيْكَ». وَنَحْنُ لَا نَأْمَنُ مِنْ عُيَيْنَةَ بْنِ حِصْنٍ وَذَوِيِهِ وَهِيَ فِي طَرَفٍ مِنْ أَطْرَافِهِمْ، فَأَلَحَّ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «لَكَأَنِّي بِكَ قَدْ قُتِلَ ابْنُكَ وَأُخِذَتِ امْرَأَتُكَ، وَجِئْتَ تَتَوَكَّأُ عَلَى عَصَاكَ» فَكَانَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ يَقُولُ: عَجَبًا لِي، إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ: «لَكَأَنِّي بِكَ» وَأَنَا أُلِحُّ عَلَيْهِ، فَكَانَ - وَاللَّهِ - مَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ: وَاللَّهُ إِنِّي لَفِي مَنْزِلِنَا، وَلَقَاحُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ رَوَّحَتْ وَعَطَفَتْ وَحَلَبَتْ عَتَمَتَهَا، وَنِمْنَا، فَلَمَّا كَانَ اللَّيْلُ أَحْدَقَ بِنَا عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ حِصْنٍ فِي أَرْبَعِينَ فَارِسًا، فَصَاحُوا بِنَا وَهُمْ قِيَامٌ فَأَشْرَفَ لَهُمُ ابْنِي فَقَتَلُوهُ، وَكَانَتْ مَعَهُ امْرَأَتُهُ وَثَلَاثَةُ نَفَرٍ فَنَجَوْا، وَتَنَحَّيْتُ عَنْهُمْ، وَشَغَلَهُمْ عَنِّي إِطْلَاقُ عَقْلِ اللَّقَاحِ، ثُمَّ صَاحُوا فِي أَدْبَارِهَا، فَكَانَ آخِرَ الْعَهْدِ بِهَا، وَلَمَّا قَدِمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَخْبَرْتُهُ تَبَسَّمَ. وَقَالَ سَلَمَةُ بْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ: خَرَجْتُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْذَنَ بِالْأُولَى، وَكَانَتْ لَقَاحُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِذِي قَرَدٍ، فَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِظَهْرِهِ مَعَ رَبَاحٍ - بِفَتْحِ الرَّاءِ وَبِالْمُوَحَّدَةِ - غُلَامُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَنَا مَعَهُ، وَخَرَجْتُ بِفَرَسِ طَلْحَةَ أُنَدِّيهِ مَعَ الظُّهْرِ، فَلَقِيتُ غُلَامًا لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ كَانَ فِي إِبِلٍ لِعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ فَأَخْطَئُوا مَكَانَهَا، وَاهْتَدَوْا لِلَقَاحِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَخْبَرَنِي أَنَّ لَقَاحَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ أَغَارَ عَلَيْهَا عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ حِصْنٍ فِي أَرْبَعِينَ فَارِسًا مِنْ غَطَفَانَ. قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ وَابْنُ سَعْدٍ: لَيْلَةَ الْأَرْبِعَاءِ، قَالَ سَلَمَةُ: فَقُلْتُ: يَا رَبَاحُ اقْعُدْ عَلَى هَذَا الْفَرَسِ، فَالْحَقْ بِطَلْحَةَ، وَأَخْبِرْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ قَدْ أُغِيرَ عَلَى سَرْحِهِ، وَقُمْتُ عَلَى تَلٍّ بِنَاحِيَةِ سَلْعٍ، فَجَعَلْتُ وَجْهِي مِنْ قِبَلِ الْمَدِينَةِ، ثُمَّ نَادَيْتُ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ يَا صَبَاحَاهُ أَسْمِعْ مَا بَيْنَ لَابَتَيْهَا ثُمَّ خَرَجَ يَشْتَدُّ فِي آثَارِ الْقَوْمِ، وَكَانَ مِثْلَ السَّبُعِ حَتَّى لَحِقَ بِالْقَوْمِ، فَجَعَلَ يَرُدُّهُمْ بِالنَّبْلِ، وَيَقُولُ إذَا رَمَى أَنَا ابْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ وَالْيَوْمُ يَوْمُ الرُّضَّعِ فَأَلْحَقُ رَجُلًا فَأَرْمِيهِ وَهُوَ عَلَى رَحْلِهِ فَيَقَعُ سَهْمِي فِي الرَّحْلِ حَتَّى انْتَظَمَتْ كَتِفُهُ فَقُلْتُ: خُذْهَا وَأَنَا ابْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ وَالْيَوْمُ يَوْمُ الرُّضَّعِ فَإِذَا كُنْتُ بِالشَّجَرِ أَحْرَقْتُهُمْ بِالنَّبْلِ، وَإِذَا تَضَايَقَتِ الثَّنَايَا عَلَوْتُ الْجَبَلَ فَرَمَيْتُهُمْ بِالْحِجَارَةِ، فَمَا زَالَ ذَلِكَ شَأْنِي وَشَأْنُهُمْ أَتْبَعُهُمْ وَأَرْتَجِزُ حَتَّى مَا خَلَقَ اللَّهُ - تَعَالَى - شَيْئًا مِنْ ظَهْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَّا خَلَّفْتُهُ وَرَاءَ ظَهْرِي وَاسْتَنْقَذْتُهُ مِنْ أَيْدِيهِمْ. قَالَ ثُمَّ لَمْ أَزَلْ أَرْمِيهِمْ حَتَّى أَلْقَوْا أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَلَاثِينَ رُمْحًا، وَأَكْثَرَ مِنْ ثَلَاثِينَ بُرْدَةً يَسْتَخِفُّونَ مِنْهَا، وَلَا يُلْقُونَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْئًا إِلَّا جَعَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْحِجَارَةَ، وَجَمَعْتُهُ عَلَى طَرِيقِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى إِذَا اشْتَدَّ الضُّحَى أَتَاهُمْ عُيَيْنَةُ بْنُ بَدْرٍ الْفَزَارِيُّ مُمِدًّا لَهُمْ. وَهُمْ فِي ثَنِيَّةِ ضِيقِهِ، ثُمَّ عَلَوْتُ الْجَبَلَ، فَأَنَا فَوْقَهُمْ. فَقَالَ عُيَيْنَةُ: مَا هَذَا الَّذِي أَرَى ؟ قَالُوا: لَقِينَا مِنْ هَذَا الْبَرْحِ مَا فَارَقْنَا بِسَحَرٍ حَتَّى الْآنَ، وَأَخَذَ كُلَّ شَيْءٍ فِي أَيْدِينَا وَجَعَلَهُ وَرَاءَ ظَهْرِهِ، فَقَالَ عُيَيْنَةُ: لَوْلَا أَنَّ هَذَا يَرَى أَنَّ وَرَاءَهُ طَلَبًا لَقَدْ تَرَكَكُمْ، وَقَالَ: لِيَقُمْ إِلَيْهِ نَفَرٌ مِنْكُمْ، فَقَامَ إِلَيَّ أَرْبَعَةٌ مِنْهُمْ فَصَعِدُوا فِي الْجَبَلِ، فَلَمَّا أَسْمَعْتُهُمُ الصَّوْتَ قُلْتُ لَهُمْ: أَتَعْرِفُونَنِي ؟ فَقَالُوا: وَمَنْ أَنْتَ، قُلْتُ: أَنَا ابْنُ الْأَكْوَعِ، وَالَّذِي أَكْرَمَ وَجْهَ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ لَا يَطْلُبُنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْكُمْ فَيُدْرِكُنِي، وَلَا أَطْلُبُهُ فَيَفُوتُنِي. فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ: إِنِّي أَظُنُّ فَرَجَعُوا .
Translation
✧ The reason for it was the raid of ʿUyaynah b. Ḥiṣn b. Ḥudhayfah al-Fazārī, with the cavalry of Ghaṭafān, upon the milch-camels of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Al-Bukhārī and Muslim and al-Bayhaqī related from Yazīd b. Abī ʿUbayd, and Muslim, Ibn Saʿd, and al-Bayhaqī from Iyās b. Salamah b. al-Akwaʿ, both from Salamah ؓ. Ibn Isḥāq related from ʿĀṣim b. ʿUmar b. Qatādah, and ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Bakr and one who is not suspect, from ʿAbd Allāh b. Kaʿb b. Mālik, and Muḥammad b. ʿUmar from his shaykhs, and Ibn Saʿd from his men, that the milch-camels of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were twenty milch-camels, and they used to graze at al-Bayḍāʾ and short of al-Bayḍāʾ up to the mountain, which is the road to Khaybar. The pasture there became barren, so they brought them near to al-Ghābah, where they could get some of its tamarisk and ṭarfāʾ, and they would go out in the morning among the trees. The herdsman would return with their milk every night at sunset. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said: Abū Dharr had asked permission of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to go to his milch-camels. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: "I fear for you from this open pasture, that a raid may be made upon you. We are not secure from ʿUyaynah b. Ḥiṣn and his kin, and it is on one of their borders." But he insisted. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "It is as if I see you: your son killed, your wife taken, and you coming leaning on your staff." Abū Dharr used to say: "Marvelous to me! The Messenger of Allah ﷺ says: 'It is as if I see you,' and I keep insisting." And by Allah, it happened as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said. Abū Dharr said: By Allah, I was in our dwelling, and the milch-camels of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had returned in the evening, turned aside, and been milked at nightfall, and we slept. When night came, ʿUyaynah b. Ḥiṣn surrounded us with forty horsemen. They shouted at us while standing. My son looked out at them, and they killed him. His wife and three other persons were with him, and they escaped. I withdrew from them, and their attention was diverted from me by releasing the hobbles of the milch-camels. Then they shouted after them, and that was the last sight of them. When I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and told him, he smiled. Salamah b. al-Akwaʿ said: I went out before the first call to prayer. The milch-camels of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ were at Dhū Qarad. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent his riding camels with Rabāḥ—with a fatḥah on the rāʾ and a single-pointed bāʾ—the servant of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and I was with him. I went out with the horse of Ṭalḥah, leading it along with the riding camels. I met a servant of ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf who was with camels belonging to ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf. They had missed their place and been guided to the milch-camels of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. He told me that the milch-camels of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had been raided by ʿUyaynah b. Ḥiṣn with forty horsemen of Ghaṭafān. Muḥammad b. ʿUmar and Ibn Saʿd said: on Wednesday night. Salamah said: I said: "O Rabāḥ, sit on this horse, catch up with Ṭalḥah, and tell the Messenger of Allah ﷺ that his herd has been raided." I stood on a hill by the side of Salʿ, faced toward Madinah, then called out three times: "Yā ṣabāḥāh!" making it heard between its two lava tracts. Then he went out running hard in the tracks of the people, and he was like a beast of prey until he caught up with the people. He began turning them back with arrows, and saying when he shot: "I am the son of al-Akwaʿ, and today is the day of the sucklings." I would catch up with a man and shoot at him while he was on his saddle, and my arrow would strike the saddle, until it pierced his shoulder. I said: "Take it, and I am the son of al-Akwaʿ, and today is the day of the sucklings." When I was among the trees, I would burn them with arrows, and when the mountain paths became narrow, I climbed the mountain and threw stones at them. This continued to be my affair and theirs: I followed them and recited rajaz verses until I left behind nothing that Allah—Exalted is He—had created of the riding animals of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ except that I put it behind my back, and I rescued it from their hands. He said: Then I kept shooting at them until they threw down more than thirty spears and more than thirty cloaks, lightening themselves of them. They did not throw down anything of that but I placed stones upon it and gathered it on the road of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. When the forenoon became intense, ʿUyaynah b. Badr al-Fazārī came to them as reinforcement, while they were in a narrow mountain pass. Then I climbed the mountain and was above them. ʿUyaynah said: "What is this I see?" They said: "We have met from this man such distress as we have not ceased to experience from before dawn until now. He took everything in our hands and put it behind his back." ʿUyaynah said: "Were it not that this man sees that there is a pursuit behind him, he would have left you." And he said: "Let a few of you go up to him." Four of them rose to me and climbed the mountain. When I made them hear my voice, I said to them: "Do you know me?" They said: "Who are you?" I said: "I am the son of al-Akwaʿ. By the One who honored the face of Muḥammad ﷺ, no man among you will seek me and catch me, nor will I seek him and he escape me." One of them said: "I think so." So they went back. .
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