Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1200
The Expedition of Badr al-Akhirah (Badr al-Maw'id, the Second Badr, the Minor Badr)
غَزْوَةُ بَدْرٍ الْآخِرَةِ (بَدْرٌ الْمَوْعِدُ -بَدْرٌ الثَّانِيَةُ-بَدْرٌ الصُّغْرَى) وَقَعَتْ فِي شَعْبَانَ سَنَةَ أَرْبَعٍ مِنَ الْهِجْرَةِ وَسَبَبُهَا أَنَّ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ بْنَ حَرْبٍ لَمَّا أَرَادَ أَنْ يَنْصَرِفَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ نَادَى: مَوْعِدٌ مَا بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ بَدْرٌ الصَّفْرَاءُ، رَأْسُ الْحَوْلِ، نَلْتَقِي فِيهَا فَنَقْتَتِلُ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِعُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ: قُلْ: نَعَمْ إِنْ شَاءَ اللَّهُ، فَافْتَرَقَ النَّاسُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، وَرَجَعَتْ قُرَيْشٌ فَخَبَّرُوا مَنْ قَبْلَهُمْ بِالْمَوْعِدِ. وَأَرْسَلَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ نُعَيْمَ بْنَ مَسْعُودٍ لِيُرْجِفَ بِأَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ حَتَّى لَا يَخْرُجَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ لِلِقَائِهِ حَيْثُ إِنَّهُ لَمْ يُحِبَّ أَنْ يَخْرُجَ إِلَى الْمَوْعِدِ. وَخَرَجَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ فِي أَلْفٍ وَخَمْسِمِائَةٍ، إِلَى بَدْرٍ الصَّفْرَاءِ وَهِيَ سُوقٌ لِلْعَرَبِ وَاسْتَخْلَفَ عَلَى الْمَدِينَةِ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيِّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ، وَخَرَجَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ بِتِجَارَةٍ لَهُمْ فَرَبِحُوا وَكَانُوا أَكْثَرَ أَهْلِ الْمَوْسِمِ وَلَمْ يَأْتِ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ لِلْمَوْعِدِ. وَعَادَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ بَعْدَمَا سَمِعَتْ بِمَسِيرِهِ الْعَرَبُ وَلَمْ يَلْقَ كَيْدًا. وَخَرَجَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ لَيْلَةً أَوْ لَيْلَتَيْنِ ثُمَّ هَمَّ رَاجِعًا وَقَالَ: الْعَامُ عَامُ جَدْبٍ وَلَا يُصْلِحُنَا إِلَّا عَامَ عُشْبٍ.
Translation
✧ The Expedition of Badr al-Akhirah (Badr al-Maw'id, the Second Badr, the Minor Badr) It took place in Shaʿbān of the year four of the Hijrah. Its cause was that Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb, when he wanted to depart on the day of Uḥud, called out: "An appointment between us and you is Badr al-Ṣafrāʾ, at the head of the year; we shall meet there and fight." The Messenger of God ﷺ said to ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb: "Say:" "Yes, if God wills." The people then separated on that, and Quraysh returned and informed those before them of the appointment. Abū Sufyān sent Nuʿaym b. Masʿūd to spread alarm among the people of Madinah so that the Muslims would not go out to meet him, since he did not like to go out to the appointment. The Prophet ﷺ and the Muslims went out, in one thousand five hundred, to Badr al-Ṣafrāʾ, which was a market of the Arabs. He appointed ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Ubayy b. Salūl as his deputy over Madinah. The Muslims went out with trade goods of theirs and profited, and they were the majority of the people of the fair. Abū Sufyān did not come to the appointment. The Prophet ﷺ returned after the Arabs had heard of his march, and he met no stratagem. Abū Sufyān went out for a night or two, then resolved to return and said: "This year is a year of drought, and nothing suits us but a year of herbage."
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