Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1091
The Expedition of Uḥud
[ مَقْتَلُ مُصْعَبِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَقَاتَلَ مُصْعَبُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ دُونَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى قُتِلَ، وَكَانَ الَّذِي قَتَلَهُ ابْنُ قَمِئَةَ اللَّيْثِيُّ، وَهُوَ يَظُنُّ أَنَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَرَجَعَ إلَى قُرَيْشٍ فَقَالَ: قَتَلْتُ مُحَمَّدًا. فَلَمَّا قُتِلَ مُصْعَبُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ أَعْطَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ اللِّوَاءَ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَقَاتَلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَرِجَالٌ مِنْ الْمُسْلِمِينَ. وَذَكَرَ مُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ فِي " مَغَازِيهِ "، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ أَنَّ الَّذِي قَتَلَ مُصْعَبًا هُوَ أُبَيُّ بْنُ خَلَفٍ. فَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. ورَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شُرَحْبِيلَ الْعَبْدَرِيِّ قَالَ: حَمَلَ مُصْعَبُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ اللِّوَاءَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ فَقُطِعَتْ يَدُهُ الْيُمْنَى، فَأَخَذَ اللِّوَاءَ بِيَدِهِ الْيُسْرَى وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلا رَسُولٌ قَدْ خَلَتْ مِنْ قَبْلِهِ الرُّسُلُ [آلِ عِمْرَانَ 144 ] الْآيَةِ، ثُمَّ قُطِعَتْ يَدُهُ الْيُسْرَى فَحَنَا عَلَى اللِّوَاءِ وَضَمَّهُ بِعَضُدَيْهِ إِلَى صَدْرِهِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلا رَسُولٌ الْآيَةِ ثُمَّ قُتِلَ فَسَقَطَ اللِّوَاءُ، قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ شُرَحْبِيلَ: وَمَا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ: وَمَا مُحَمَّدٌ إِلا رَسُولٌ يَوْمَئِذٍ حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ بَعْدُ. عَنْ خَبَّابِ بْنِ الْأَرَتِّ قَالَ: هَاجَرْنَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ نَبْتَغِي وَجْهَ اللَّهِ، فَوَجَبَ أَجْرُنَا عَلَى اللَّهِ، فَمِنَّا مَنْ مَضَى - أَوْ ذَهَبَ - لَمْ يَأْكُلْ مِنْ أَجْرِهِ شَيْئًا ; كَانَ مِنْهُمْ مُصْعَبُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ قُتِلَ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ لَمْ يَتْرُكْ إِلَّا نَمِرَةً، كُنَّا إِذَا غَطَّيْنَا بِهَا رَأْسَهُ خَرَجَتْ رِجْلَاهُ، وَإِذَا غُطِّيَ بِهَا رِجْلَاهُ خَرَجَ رَأْسُهُ، فَقَالَ لَنَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: غَطُّوا بِهَا رَأْسَهُ، وَاجْعَلُوا عَلَى رِجْلِهِ الْإِذْخِرَ. وَمِنَّا مَنْ أَيْنَعَتْ لَهُ ثَمَرَتُهُ فَهُوَ يَهْدِبُهَا عَنْ خَبَّابِ بْنِ الْأَرَتِّ ؓ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَرَّ بِمُصْعَبِ بْنِ عُمَيْرٍ وَهُوَ مَقْتُولٌ عَلَى طَرِيقِهِ فَوَقَفَ عَلَيْهِ، فَدَعَا لَهُ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ: مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ رِجَالٌ صَدَقُوا مَا عَاهَدُوا اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِ [الْأَحْزَابِ 23 ] الْآيَةِ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُكَ بِمَكَّةَ وَمَا بِهَا أَحَدٌ أَرَقُّ حُلَّةً وَلَا أَحْسَنُ لِمَّةً مِنْكَ. وَرَوَى الْبُخَارِيُّ: أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ عَوْفٍ ؓ أُتِيَ بِطَعَامٍ وَكَانَ صَائِمًا فَقَالَ: قُتِلَ مُصْعَبُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ، وَهُوَ خَيْرُ مَنْ كُفِّنَ فِي بُرْدِهِ، إِنْ غُطِّيَ رَأْسُهُ بَدَتْ رِجْلَاهُ، وَإِنْ غُطِّيَ رِجْلَاهُ بَدَا رَأْسُهُ. [ حُزْنُ حَمْنَةَ عَلَى زوجها ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ رَاجِعًا إلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، فَلَقِيَتْهُ حَمْنَةُ بِنْتُ جَحْشٍ، كَمَا ذُكِرَ لِي، فَلَمَّا لَقِيَتْ النَّاسَ نُعِيَ إلَيْهَا أَخُوهَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ جَحْشٍ، فَاسْتَرْجَعَتْ وَاسْتَغْفَرَتْ لَهُ، ثُمَّ نُعِيَ لَهَا خَالُهَا حَمْزَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَاسْتَرْجَعَتْ وَاسْتَغْفَرَتْ لَهُ، ثُمَّ نُعِيَ لَهَا زَوْجُهَا مُصْعَبُ بْنُ عُمَيْرٍ، فَصَاحَتْ وَوَلْوَلَتْ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: إنَّ زَوْجَ الْمَرْأَةِ مِنْهَا لَبِمَكَانِ لِمَا رَأَى مِنْ تَثَبُّتِهَا عِنْدَ أَخِيهَا وَخَالِهَا، وَصِيَاحِهَا عَلَى زَوْجِهَا.
Translation
✧ [The killing of Muṣʿab b. ʿUmayr] Ibn Isḥāq said: Muṣʿab b. ʿUmayr fought in defense of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ until he was killed. The one who killed him was Ibn Qamiʾah al-Laythī, thinking that he was the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so he returned to Quraysh and said: "I have killed Muḥammad." When Muṣʿab b. ʿUmayr was killed, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ gave the banner to ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib, and ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib fought along with men of the Muslims. Mūsā b. ʿUqbah mentioned in his "Maghāzī," on the authority of Saʿīd b. al-Musayyab, that the one who killed Muṣʿab was Ubayy b. Khalaf. But Allah knows best. Ibn Saʿd narrated, on the authority of Muḥammad b. Shuraḥbīl al-ʿAbdarī, who said: Muṣʿab b. ʿUmayr carried the banner on the day of Uḥud, and his right hand was cut off, so he took the banner with his left hand, saying: "And Muḥammad is not but a messenger; messengers have passed away before him" [Āl ʿImrān 144]—the verse. Then his left hand was cut off, so he leaned over the banner and pressed it with his upper arms to his chest, saying: "And Muḥammad is not but a messenger..."—the verse. Then he was killed, and the banner fell. Muḥammad b. Shuraḥbīl said: This verse—"And Muḥammad is not but a messenger"—was not revealed on that day; rather, it was revealed later. On the authority of Khabbāb b. al-Aratt, who said: We emigrated with the Prophet ﷺ seeking the countenance of Allah, so our reward became due from Allah. Among us are those who passed away—or went—without eating anything of their reward; among them was Muṣʿab b. ʿUmayr, who was killed on the day of Uḥud and left nothing but a namirah (a striped cloak). When we covered his head with it, his feet stuck out, and when we covered his feet with it, his head stuck out. The Prophet ﷺ said to us: "Cover his head with it, and put idhkhir (a kind of grass) over his feet." Among us are those whose fruit has ripened, and he is plucking it. On the authority of Khabbāb b. al-Aratt ؓ: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ passed by Muṣʿab b. ʿUmayr while he was killed on his path, so he stopped over him, supplicated for him, then recited: "Among the believers are men who have been true to what they pledged to Allah" [al-Aḥzāb 23]—the verse. Then he said: "I saw you in Makkah, and there was no one there with a finer garment or more beautiful hair than you." Al-Bukhārī narrated that ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. ʿAwf ؓ was brought food while he was fasting, and he said: "Muṣʿab b. ʿUmayr was killed, and he was better than me; he was shrouded in his burdah (cloak)—if his head was covered, his feet showed, and if his feet were covered, his head showed." [Ḥamnah's grief for her husband] Ibn Isḥāq said: Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned back, returning to Madinah, and Ḥamnah bt. Jaḥsh met him, as was mentioned to me. When she met the people, she was told of the death of her brother ʿAbd Allah b. Jaḥsh, so she said istirjāʿ ("Indeed we belong to Allah and to Him we return") and sought forgiveness for him. Then she was told of the death of her maternal uncle Ḥamzah b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, so she said istirjāʿ and sought forgiveness for him. Then she was told of the death of her husband Muṣʿab b. ʿUmayr, so she cried out and wailed. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Indeed, a woman's husband holds a place with her," because of what he saw of her composure at the news of her brother and maternal uncle, and her crying out over her husband.
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