Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1092
The Expedition of Uḥud
[ حَنْظَلَةُ غَسِيلُ الْمَلَائِكَةِ ] وَالْتَقَى حَنْظَلَةُ بْنُ أَبِي عَامِرٍ الْغَسِيلُ وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ، فَلَمَّا اسْتَعْلَاهُ حَنْظَلَةُ بْنُ أَبِي عَامِرٍ رَآهُ شَدَّادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ شَعُوبٍ، قَدْ عَلَا أَبَا سُفْيَانَ. فَضَرَبَهُ شَدَّادٌ فَقَتَلَهُ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: إنَّ صَاحِبَكُمْ، يَعْنِي حَنْظَلَةَ لَتُغَسِّلَهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ. فَسَأَلُوا أَهْلَهُ مَا شَأْنُهُ ؟ فَسُئِلَتْ صَاحِبَتُهُ عَنْهُ. فَقَالَتْ: خَرَجَ وَهُوَ جُنُبٌ حِينَ سَمِعَ الْهَاتِفَةَ. - قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَيُقَالُ: الْهَائِعَةُ. وَجَاءَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ: خَيْرُ النَّاسِ رَجُلٌ مُمْسِكٌ بِعِنَانِ فَرَسِهِ، كُلَّمَا سَمِعَ هَيْعَةَ طَارَ إلَيْهَا قَالَ الطِّرِمَّاحُ بْنُ حَكِيمٍ الطَّائِيُّ، وَالطِّرِمَّاحُ: الطَّوِيلُ مِنْ الرِّجَالِ -: أَنَا ابْنُ حُمَاةَ الْمَجْدِ مِنْ آلِ مَالِكٍ إذَا جَعَلَتْ خُورُ الرِّجَالِ تَهِيعُ ( وَالْهَيْعَةُ: الصَّيْحَةُ الَّتِي فِيهَا الْفَزَعُ ) قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: لِذَلِكَ غَسَّلَتْهُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عُمَرَ: وَصَاحِبَتُهُ أَيْ زَوْجَتُهُ وَهِيَ جَمِيلَةُ بِنْتُ أُبَيٍّ ابْنِ سَلُولَ، دَخَلَتْ عَلَيْهِ فِي تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةِ الَّتِي فِي صَبِيحَتِهَا أُحُدٌ، وَكَانَ قَدِ اسْتَأْذَنَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي ذَلِكَ، فَأَذِنَ لَهُ، فَلَمَّا صَلَّى الصُّبْحَ غَدَا يُرِيدُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَزِمَتْهُ جَمِيلَةُ، فَعَادَ فَكَانَ مَعَهَا فَأَجْنَبَ مِنْهَا، وَقَدْ أُرْسِلَتْ إِلَى أَرْبَعَةٍ مِنْ قَوْمِهَا فَأَشْهَدَتْهُمْ عَلَى الدُّخُولِ بِهَا خَشْيَةَ أَنْ يَكُونَ فِي ذَلِكَ نِزَاعٌ، فَقِيلَ لَهَا: لِمَ أَشْهَدْتِ ؟ فَقَالَتْ: رَأَيْتُ كَأَنَّ السَّمَاءَ قَدْ فُرِجَتْ فَدَخَلَ فِيهَا ثُمَّ أُطْبِقَتْ، فَقُلْتُ: هَذِهِ الشَّهَادَةُ. وَعَلِقَتْ بِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَنْظَلَةَ، ؓ. [ شِعْرُ الْأَسْوَدِ فِي قَتْلِهِمَا حَنْظَلَةَ وَأَبَا سُفْيَانَ ] ( قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ ): وَقَالَ شَدَّادُ بْنُ الْأَسْوَدِ فِي قَتْلِهِ حَنْظَلَةَ: لَأَحْمِيَنَّ صَاحِبِي وَنَفْسِي بِطَعْنَةِ مِثْلِ شُعَاعِ الشَّمْسِ وَقَالَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، وَهُوَ يَذْكُرُ صَبْرَهُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ، وَمُعَاوَنَةَ ابْنِ شَعُوبٍ إيَّاهُ عَلَى حَنْظَلَةَ: وَلَوْ شِئْتُ نَجَّتْنِي كُمَيْتٌ طِمَرَّةٍ وَلَمْ أَحْمِلْ النَّعْمَاءَ لِابْنِ شَعُوبِ وَمَا زَالَ مُهْرِي مَزْجَرَ الْكَلْبِ مِنْهُمْ لَدُنْ غُدْوَةٍ حَتَّى دَنَتْ لِغُرُوبِ أُقَاتِلُهُمْ وَأَدَّعِي يَا لَغَالِبٍ وَأَدْفَعُهُمْ عَنِّي بِرُكْنٍ صَلِيبِ فَبَكِّي وَلَا تَرْعَى مَقَالَةَ عَاذِلٍ وَلَا تَسْأَمِي مِنْ عَبْرَةٍ وَنَحِيبِ أَبَاكِ وَإِخْوَانًا لَهُ قَدْ تَتَابَعُوا وَحُقَّ لَهُمْ مِنْ عَبْرَةٍ بِنَصِيبِ وَسَلَّى الَّذِي قَدْ كَانَ فِي النَّفْسِ أَنَّنِي قَتَلْتُ مِنْ النَّجَّارِ كُلَّ نَجِيبِ وَمِنْ هَاشِمٍ قَرْمًا كَرِيمًا وَمُصْعَبًا وَكَانَ لَدَى الْهَيْجَاءِ غَيْرُ هَيُوبِ وَلَوْ أَنَّنِي لَمْ أَشْفِ نَفْسِي مِنْهُمْ لَكَانَتْ شَجًا فِي الْقَلْبِ ذَاتَ نُدُوبِ فَآبَوْا وَقَدْ أَوْدَى الْجَلَابِيبُ مِنْهُمْ بِهِمْ خَدَبٌ مِنْ مُعْطِبٍ وَكَئِيبِ أَصَابَهُمْ مَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لِدِمَائِهِمْ كِفَاءً وَلَا فِي خُطَّةٍ بِضَرِيبِ [ شِعْرُ حَسَّانَ فِي الرَّدِّ عَلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ ] فَأَجَابَهُ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ، فِيمَا ذَكَرَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ ؟ فَقَالَ: ذَكَرْتَ الْقُرُومَ الصَّيْدَ مِنْ آلِ هَاشِمٍ وَلَسْتَ لِزُورٍ قُلْتَهُ بِمُصِيبِ أَتَعْجَبُ أَنْ أَقَصَدْتُ حَمْزَةَ مِنْهُمْ نَجِيبًا وَقَدْ سَمَّيْتَهُ بِنَجِيبِ أَلَمْ يَقْتُلُوا عَمْرًا وَعُتْبَةُ وَابْنَهُ وَشَيْبَةَ وَالْحَجَّاجَ وَابْنَ حَبِيبِ غَدَاةَ دَعَا الْعَاصِي عَلِيًّا فَرَاعَهُ بِضَرْبَةِ عَضْبٍ بَلَّهُ بِخَضِيبِ قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَقَالَ ابْنُ شَعُوبٍ يَذْكُرُ يَدَهُ عِنْدَ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ فِيمَا دَفَعَ عَنْهُ، فَقَالَ: وَلَوْلَا دِفَاعِي يَا ابْنَ حَرْبٍ وَمَشْهَدِي لَأُلْفِيَتْ يَوْمَ النَّعْفِ غَيْرَ مُجِيبِ وَلَوْلَا مَكَرِّي الْمُهْرَ بِالنَّعْفِ قَرْقَرَتْ ضِبَاعٌ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ ضِرَاءُ كَلِيبِ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: قَوْلُهُ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ ضِرَاءُ عَنْ غَيْرِ ابْنِ إسْحَاقَ. [ شِعْرُ الْحَارِثِ فِي الرَّدِّ عَلَى أَبِي سُفْيَانَ أَيْضًا ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ يُجِيبُ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ: جَزَيْتهمْ يَوْمًا بِبَدْرٍ كَمِثْلِهِ عَلَى سَابِحٍ ذِي مَيْعَةٍ وَشَبِيبِ لَدَى صَحْنِ بَدْرٍ أَوْ أَقَمْتُ نَوَائِحًا عَلَيْكَ وَلَمْ تَحْفِلْ مُصَابَ حَبِيبِ وَإِنَّكَ لَوْ عَايَنْتَ مَا كَانَ مِنْهُمْ لَأُبْتَ بِقَلْبِ مَا بَقِيتُ نَخِيبُ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَإِنَّمَا أَجَابَ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ هِشَامٍ أَبَا سُفْيَانَ لِأَنَّهُ ظَنَّ أَنَّهُ عَرَّضَ بِهِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَمَا زَالَ مُهْرِي مَزْجَرَ الْكَلْبِ مِنْهُمْ لِفِرَارِ الْحَارِثِ يَوْمِ بَدْرٍ.
Translation
✧ [Ḥanẓalah, the One Washed by the Angels] Ḥanẓalah b. Abī ʿĀmir al-Ghasīl and Abū Sufyān met in combat. When Ḥanẓalah b. Abī ʿĀmir had gained the upper hand over him, Shaddād b. al-Aswad—who is Ibn Shaʿūb—saw that he had overcome Abū Sufyān. So Shaddād struck him and killed him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “Your companion—meaning Ḥanẓalah—is being washed by the angels.” They asked his family what his situation was. His wife was asked about him, and she said: “He went out while he was in a state of major ritual impurity when he heard the call to battle.” - Ibn Hishām said: It is also said: al-hāʾiʿah. And it came in the ḥadīth: “The best of people is a man holding the reins of his horse; whenever he hears a cry of alarm, he flies to it.” Al-Ṭirimmāḥ b. Ḥakīm al-Ṭāʾī—and al-Ṭirimmāḥ means the tall one among men—said: I am the son of the protectors of glory from the house of Mālik, When the weak among men begin to cry out in fear. (Al-hayʿah is the shout that contains terror.) Ibn Isḥāq said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “For that reason the angels washed him.” Muḥammad b. ʿUmar said: His wife—that is, his spouse—was Jamīlah bt. Ubayy b. Salūl. She had entered upon him on that night, the morning of which was Uḥud. He had asked the Messenger of Allah ﷺ for permission regarding that, and he granted him permission. When he had prayed the dawn prayer, he went out intending to join the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, but Jamīlah clung to him, so he returned and was with her and became ritually impure through her. She had sent for four men of her people and made them testify to the consummation, fearing that there might be a dispute about it. She was asked: “Why did you make them testify?” She said: “I saw as if the sky had been split open and he entered into it, then it closed over him. I said: This is the testimony.” She became pregnant with ʿAbd Allāh b. Ḥanẓalah ؓ. [Al-Aswad’s Poetry about Their Killing Ḥanẓalah and Abū Sufyān] (Ibn Isḥāq said): Shaddād b. al-Aswad said about his killing Ḥanẓalah: I will surely defend my companion and myself With a thrust like the rays of the sun. And Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb said, while mentioning his steadfastness on that day and the assistance of Ibn Shaʿūb to him against Ḥanẓalah: Had I wished, a dark bay, slender mare would have saved me, And I would not have borne the favor for Ibn Shaʿūb. My colt did not cease to be the place where dogs are driven away from them, From early morning until it drew near to sunset. I fight them and call out, “O men of Ghālib!” And I push them away from me with a solid pillar. So weep, and do not heed the words of a censurer, And do not tire of tears and wailing. For your father and brothers who followed one another, And they deserve a share of tears. It consoled what was in my soul that I Killed from al-Najjār every noble one. And from Hāshim a generous chief and Muṣʿab, And he was not one to be feared in battle. Had I not healed my soul through them, It would have remained a thorn in the heart with deep wounds. They returned, and the cloaks among them had destroyed them, A calamity of one who destroyed and one who was grieved. There befell them one whose blood was not equal to theirs, nor in any matter a match. [Ḥassān’s Poetry in Reply to Abū Sufyān] Ḥassān b. Thābit answered him, as Ibn Hishām mentioned, saying: You mentioned the master chiefs from the house of Hāshim, But you are not correct in the falsehood you spoke. Do you marvel that I singled out Ḥamzah among them, A noble one, and you have called him noble? Did they not kill ʿAmr and ʿUtbah and his son, And Shaybah and al-Ḥajjāj and Ibn Ḥabīb, On the morning when al-ʿĀṣī called upon ʿAlī, and he startled him With a strike of a sharp sword that he moistened with dyed blood? Ibn Isḥāq said: Ibn Shaʿūb said, mentioning his favor with Abū Sufyān in what he warded off from him, saying: Were it not for my defense, O Ibn Ḥarb, and my standing witness, You would have been found on the day of al-Naʿf unable to answer. Were it not for my wheeling the colt at al-Naʿf, Hyenas would have croaked over him, or the hungry dogs of Kulayb. Ibn Hishām said: His saying “over him, or the hungry dogs” is from someone other than Ibn Isḥāq. [Al-Ḥārith’s Poetry in Reply to Abū Sufyān as Well] Ibn Isḥāq said: Al-Ḥārith b. Hishām said, answering Abū Sufyān: I repaid them one day at Badr with its like, Upon a swift horse with flowing gait and youthful vigor, At the open ground of Badr, or I would have established mourning women Over you, and you would not have heeded the loss of a beloved. Had you witnessed what happened with them, You would have returned with a heart, as long as I live, terrified. Ibn Hishām said: Al-Ḥārith b. Hishām answered Abū Sufyān only because he thought that he had alluded to him in his saying: My colt did not cease to be the place where dogs are driven away from them, Because of the flight of al-Ḥārith on the day of Badr.
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