Tarikh (al-Tabari) 1075
The Expedition of Uḥud
[ انْتِهَاءُ الرَّسُولِ إلَى الشِّعْبِ ] ( قَالَ ): فَلَمَّا انْتَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى فَمِ الشِّعْبِ خَرَجَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، حَتَّى مَلَأَ دَرَقَتَهُ مَاءً مِنْ الْمِهْرَاسِ، فَجَاءَ بِهِ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِيَشْرَبَ مِنْهُ، فَوَجَدَ لَهُ رِيحًا، فَعَافَهُ، فَلَمْ يَشْرَبْ مِنْهُ، وَغَسَلَ عَنْ وَجْهِهِ الدَّمَ، وَصَبَّ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ: اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُ اللَّهِ عَلَى مَنْ دَمَّى وَجْهَ نَبِيِّهِ [ حِرْصُ ابْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ عَلَى قَتْلِ عُتْبَةَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَحَدَّثَنِي صَالِحُ بْنُ كَيْسَانَ عَمَّنْ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: وَاَللَّهِ مَا حَرَصْتُ عَلَى قَتْلِ رَجُلٍ قَطُّ كَحِرْصِي عَلَى قَتْلِ عُتْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مَا عَلِمْتُ لِسَيِّئِ الْخَلْقِ مُبْغَضًا فِي قَوْمِهِ، وَلَقَدْ كَفَانِي مِنْهُ قَوْلُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: اشْتَدَّ غَضَبُ اللَّهِ عَلَى مَنْ دَمَّى وَجْهَ رَسُولِهِ. وَجَعَلَ الدَّمُ يَسِيلُ فِي وَجْهِهِ فَجَعَلَ يَمْسَحُ الدَّمَ وَيَقُولُ: كَيْفَ يُفْلِحُ قَوْمٌ خَضَّبُوا وَجْهَ نَبِيِّهِمْ وَهُوَ يَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى اللَّهِ ؟ فَأَنْزَلُ اللَّهُ: لَيْسَ لَكَ مِنَ الْأَمْرِ شَيْءٌ أَوْ يَتُوبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَوْ يُعَذِّبَهُمْ فَإِنَّهُمْ ظَالِمُونَ وَرَوَى عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ فِي تَفْسِيرِهِ عَنْ مِقْسَمٍ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ دَعَا عَلَى عُتْبَةَ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ حِينَ كَسَرَ رُبَاعِيَتَهُ وَرَمَى وَجْهَهُ ، فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ لَا يَحُولُ عَلَيْهِ الْحَوْلُ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ - كَافِرًا، فَمَا حَالَ عَلَيْهِ الْحَوْلُ حَتَّى مَاتَ كَافِرًا إِلَى النَّارِ، وَرَوَاهُ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ. وَرَوَى الْحَاكِمُ عَنْ حَاطِبِ بْنِ أَبِي بَلْتَعَةَ ؓ: أَنَّهُ لَمَّا رَأَى مَا فَعَلَ عُتْبَةُ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ فَعَلَ بِكَ ؟ قَالَ: «عُتْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ ». قُلْتُ: أَيْنَ تَوَجَّهَ ؟ فَأَشَارَ إِلَى حَيْثُ تَوَجَّهَ، فَمَضَيْتُ حَتَّى ظَفِرْتُ بِهِ فَضَرَبْتُهُ بِالسَّيْفِ فَطَرَحْتُ رَأْسَهُ، فَأَخَذْتُ رَأْسَهُ وَفَرَسَهُ، وَجِئْتُ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ [فَسَلَمَ ] ذَلِكَ إِلَيَّ، وَدَعَا لِي فَقَالَ: « ؓ »، مَرَّتَيْنِ. [ صُعُودُ قُرَيْشٍ الْجَبَلَ وَقِتَالُ عُمَرَ لَهُمْ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَبَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالشِّعْبِ، مَعَهُ أُولَئِكَ النَّفَرُ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ، إذْ عَلَتْ عَالِيَةٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ الْجَبَلَ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: كَانَ عَلَى تِلْكَ الْخَيْلِ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: اللَّهُمَّ إنَّهُ لَا يَنْبَغِي لَهُمْ أَنْ يَعْلُونَا فَقَاتَلَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ وَرَهْطٌ مَعَهُ مِنْ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ حَتَّى أَهْبَطُوهُمْ مِنْ الْجَبَلِ [ ضَعْفُ الرَّسُولِ عَنْ النُّهُوضِ وَمُعَاوَنَةُ طَلْحَةَ لَهُ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَنَهَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى صَخْرَةٍ مِنْ الْجَبَلِ لِيَعْلُوَهَا، وَقَدْ كَانَ بَدُنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَظَاهَرَ بَيْنَ دِرْعَيْنِ، فَلَمَّا ذَهَبَ لِيَنْهَضَ ﷺ لَمْ يَسْتَطِعْ، فَجَلَسَ تَحْتَهُ طَلْحَةُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، فَنَهَضَ بِهِ، حَتَّى اسْتَوَى عَلَيْهَا. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، كَمَا حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ الزُّبَيْرِ، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَوْمئِذٍ يَقُولُ: أَوْجَبَ طَلْحَةُ حِينَ صَنَعَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مَا صَنَعَ: .
Translation
✧ [The Messenger's arrival at the mountain pass] He said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ reached the mouth of the mountain pass, ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib went out and filled his shield with water from al-Mihrās, then brought it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ so that he might drink from it. He found it had an odor and disliked it, so he did not drink from it. He washed the blood from his face and poured it over his head, saying: "Allah's wrath is severe upon him who made the face of His Prophet bleed." [Ibn Abī Waqqāṣ's eagerness to kill ʿUtbah] Ibn Isḥāq said: Ṣāliḥ b. Kaysān narrated to me from someone who narrated to him from Saʿd b. Abī Waqqāṣ that he used to say: By Allah, I was never so eager to kill any man as I was to kill ʿUtbah b. Abī Waqqāṣ, even though I knew him to be of bad character and hated among his people. The statement of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sufficed me against him: "Allah's wrath is severe upon him who made the face of His Messenger bleed." The blood was flowing down his face, and he began wiping the blood and saying: "How can a people succeed who dyed the face of their Prophet while he was calling them to Allah?" Then Allah revealed: "Not for you is the decision whether He should turn to them in mercy or punish them, for indeed they are wrongdoers." ʿAbd al-Razzāq narrated in his Tafsīr from Miqsam that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ supplicated against ʿUtbah b. Abī Waqqāṣ when he broke his front tooth and struck his face, saying: "O Allah, let not a year pass over him until he dies an unbeliever." A year did not pass over him before he died an unbeliever, destined for the Fire. Abū Nuʿaym narrated it through another chain from Ibn ʿAbbās. Al-Ḥākim narrated from Ḥāṭib b. Abī Baltaʿah ؓ that when he saw what ʿUtbah had done to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he said: "O Messenger of Allah, who did this to you?" He said: "ʿUtbah b. Abī Waqqāṣ." I said: "Where did he go?" He pointed in the direction he had gone. I went until I caught him and struck him with the sword and severed his head. I took his head and his horse and came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who gave them to me and prayed for me, saying twice: " ؓ." [Quraysh ascending the mountain and ʿUmar's fight against them] Ibn Isḥāq said: While the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was in the mountain pass with that group of his companions, a band of Quraysh cavalry ascended the mountain. Ibn Hishām said: That cavalry was commanded by Khālid b. al-Walīd. Ibn Isḥāq said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "O Allah, it is not fitting for them to be above us." Then ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb and a group of the Muhājirūn with him fought until they drove them down from the mountain. [The Messenger's weakness in rising and Ṭalḥah's assistance to him] Ibn Isḥāq said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ rose toward a rock on the mountain to climb it, but he had grown heavy, and he was wearing two coats of mail. When he went to rise ﷺ, he could not. Ṭalḥah b. ʿUbayd Allāh sat beneath him and lifted him until he stood upon it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, as Yaḥyā b. ʿAbbād b. ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Zubayr narrated to me from his father, from ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Zubayr, from al-Zubayr, who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say on that day: "Ṭalḥah has made Paradise obligatory for himself by what he did for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ." .
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