al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 7707
✧ Literature > The Saying of Salim b. Ubayd al-Nakha'i
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سَمِعْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخَلِيلَ بْنَ أَحْمَدَ الْقَاضِي فِي دَارِ الْأَمِيرِ السَّدِيدِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ مَنْصُورِ بْنِ نُوحٍ بِحَضْرَتِهِ يَصِيحُ بِرِوَايَةِ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ فَقَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَغَوِيُّ ثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَيْشِيُّ ثَنَا أَبُو الْمِقْدَامِ هِشَامُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَعْبٍ الْقُرَظِيُّ قَالَ شَهِدْتُ عُمَرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ وَهُوَ أَمِيرٌ عَلَيْنَا بِالْمَدِينَةِ لِلْوَلِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمَلِكِ وَهُوَ شَابٌّ غَلِيظٌ مُمْتَلِئُ الْجِسْمِ فَلَمَّا اسْتُخْلِفَ أَتَيْتُهُ بِخُنَاصِرَةَ فَدَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ وَقَدْ قَاسَى مَا قَاسَى فَإِذَا هُوَ قَدْ تَغَيَّرَتْ حَالَتُهُ عَمَّا كَانَ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ وَزَادَ فِيهِ
«وَمَنْ نَظَرَ فِي كِتَابِ أَخِيهِ بِغَيْرِ إِذْنِهِ فَكَأَنَّمَا يَنْظُرُ فِي النَّارِ وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَقْوَى النَّاسِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَكْرَمَ النَّاسِ فَلْيَتَّقِ اللَّهَ ﷻ وَمَنْ أَحَبَّ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَغْنَى النَّاسِ فَلْيَكُنْ بِمَا فِي يَدِ اللَّهِ أَوْثَقَ مِمَّا فِي يَدِهِ» وَقَالَ «أَفَأُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِشَرٍّ مِنْ هَذَا؟» قَالُوا نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ «مَنْ لَا يَقِيلُ عَثْرَةً وَلَا يَقْبَلُ مَعْذِرَةً وَلَا يَغْفِرُ ذَنْبًا أَفَأُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِشَرٍّ مِنْ هَذَا؟» قَالُوا نَعَمْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ مَنْ لَا يُرْجَى خَيْرُهُ وَلَا يُؤْمَنُ شَرُّهُ إِنَّ عِيسَى ابْنَ مَرْيَمَ صَلَوَاتُ اللَّهِ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَامُهُ قَامَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فَقَالَ يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَا تَتَكَلَّمُوا بِالْحِكْمَةِ عِنْدَ الْجَاهِلِ فَتَظْلِمُوهَا وَلَا تَمْنَعُوهَا أَهْلَهَا فَتَظْلِمُوهُمْ وَلَا تَظْلِمُوا ظَالِمًا وَلَا تُكَافِئُوا ظَالِمًا فَيَبْطُلُ فَضْلُكُمْ عِنْدَ رَبِّكُمْ يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْأَمْرُ ثَلَاثٌ أَمْرٌ تَبَيَّنَ غَيُّهُ فَاجْتَنِبُوهُ وَأَمْرٌ اخْتُلِفَ فِيهِ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى اللَّهِ ﷻ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Abū Saʿīd al-Khalīl b. Aḥmad al-Qāḍī Fī Dār al-Amīr al-Sadīd Abū Ṣāliḥ Manṣūr b. Nūḥ Biḥaḍratih Yaṣīḥ Biriwāyah Hadhā al-Ḥadīth
- Abū al-Qāsim ʿAbdullāh b. Muḥammad al-Baghawī
- ʿUbaydullāh b. Muḥammad al-ʿAyshī
- Abū al-Miqdām Hishām b. Ziyād
- Muḥammad b. Kaʿb al-Quraẓī
- Shahidt ʿUmar b. ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz / Amīr ʿAlaynā Bi-al-Madīnah Lilwalīd b. ʿAbd al-Malik Wahū Shāb Ghalīẓ Mumtaliʾ al-Jism Falammā Āstukhlif Ataytuh Bikhunāṣirah Fadakhalt ʿAlayh Waqad Qāsá Mā Qāsá Faʾidhā
- Qad Taghayyarat Ḥālatuh ʿAmmā Kān Thum Dhakar al-Ḥadīth Wazād Fīh
✧ "And whoever looks into his brother's book without his permission, it is as if he looks into the Fire. Whoever wishes to be the strongest of people, let him rely upon Allah. Whoever wishes to be the most honorable of people, let him fear Allah ﷻ. Whoever wishes to be the richest of people, let him be more trusting of what is in Allah's hand than what is in his own hand." And he said, "Shall I inform you of something worse than this?" They said, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "One who does not overlook a stumble, does not accept an excuse, and does not forgive a sin. Shall I inform you of something worse than this?" They said, "Yes, O Messenger of Allah." He said, "One from whom no good is hoped and whose evil is not safe. Jesus son of Mary, may Allah's blessings and ﷺ, stood among the Children of Israel and said, 'O Children of Israel, do not speak wisdom before the ignorant, lest you wrong it, and do not withhold it from its people, lest you wrong them. Do not wrong a wrongdoer, and do not requite a wrongdoer, lest your virtue be nullified before your Lord. O Children of Israel, matters are three: a matter whose error is clear, so avoid it; a matter about which there is disagreement, so refer it to Allah ﷻ.'"
Notes
«هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ قَدِ اتَّفَقَ هِشَامُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ النَّصْرِيُّ وَمُصَادِفُ بْنُ زِيَادٍ الْمَدِينِيُّ عَلَى رِوَايَةٍ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ كَعْبٍ الْقُرَظِيِّ وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ وَلَمْ أَسْتَجِزْ إِخْلَاءَ هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ مِنْهُ فَقَدْ جَمَعَ آدَابًا كَثِيرَةً»
machine translation"This is an authentic (ṣaḥīḥ) hadith. Hishām b. Ziyād al-Naṣrī and Muṣādif b. Ziyād al-Madīnī agree on a narration from Muḥammad b. Kaʿb al-Quraẓī, and God knows best. I did not think it permissible to leave this place without it, for it gathers many etiquettes."
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What scholars said about it
In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.
- Abū Daʾūd
طرقه كلها واهية
machine translationAll of its routes are very weak (wāhiyah).
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 7802 - Khaṭṭābī
هذا الحديث لا يصح عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وقد صح أنه عليه السلام صلى وعائشة نائمة معترضة بينه وبين القبلة
machine translationThis hadith is not authentic (ṣaḥīḥ) from the Prophet ﷺ. It is authentically reported that he, peace be upon him, prayed while ʿĀʾishah was sleeping, lying across between him and the qiblah.
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 7802 - الزيلعى
معلول بهشام
machine translationIt is defective (maʿlūl) because of Hishām.
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 7802 - العقيلي
أعله بهشام بن زياد قال ليس لهذا الحديث طريق يثبت
machine translationHe found it defective (aʿalla) because of Hishām b. Ziyād, and said: There is no established route for this hadith.
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 7802
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- Ibn Ḥajar al-ʿAsqalānī
في إسناده ضعف
machine translationThere is weakness (ḍaʿf) in its chain of transmission.
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 7802 - Abū Daʾūd
روي هذا الحديث من غير وجه عن محمد بن كعب كلها واهية وهذا أمثلها يعني طريقه الذي أخرجه منه وهو أيضا ضعيف
machine translationThis hadith has been narrated through more than one route from Muḥammad b. Kaʿb, all of them very weak (wāhiyah), and this is the best of them, meaning the route by which he transmitted it, and it too is weak (ḍaʿīf).
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 7802 - ابن عدي
وقوله عمن حدثه إنما يريد به أبا المقدام هذا والضعف بين على رواياته
machine translationHis saying "from the one who narrated to him" only means this Abū al-Miqdām, and the weakness in his narrations is evident.
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 7802 - Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. al-Ḥusayn al-Bayhaqī
هشام بن زياد تكلموا فيه بسبب هذا الحديث
machine translationThe scholars spoke against Hishām b. Ziyād because of this hadith.
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 7802 - ابن عدي
أعله بهشام بن زياد قال إن الضعف على رواياته بين
machine translationHe declared it defective (muʿall) because of Hishām b. Ziyād, saying that the weakness in his narrations is evident.
in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 7802
Other narrations of this report
Narrators
- One of the Companions who narrated most prolifically (mukthirūn).d. 65 AH, or 67 AH, or 68 AH, also said: 69 AH, also said: 70 AH; also said: 73 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍأحد المكثرين من الصحابةعن
- trustworthy (thiqah), a scholard. 108 AH, or 117 AH, or 118 AH, or 119 AH, or 120 AH, or 129 AH, also said: 116 AHمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَعْبٍ الْقُرَظِيُّثقة عالمحدثنا
- abandoned (matrūk)أَبُو الْمِقْدَامِ هِشَامُ بْنُ زِيَادٍمتروكحدثنا
- Trustworthy (thiqah), generous; accused of belief in qadar (al-qadar), but this was not establishedd. 228 AH or 229 AHعُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْعَبْسِيُّثقة جواد ، رمي بالقدر ، ولم يثبتحدثنا
- أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْبَغَوِيُّحدثنا
- d. 378 AHأَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخَلِيلَ بْنَ أَحْمَدَ الْقَاضِيَسمعت
- d. 403 AH, or 405 AHالحاكم
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.