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العربية

al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 3508

Tafsir Surat al-Nur

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حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى الْحِيرِيُّ ثنا مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ قَطَنٍ حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ ثنا أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ قَالَ

كُنَّا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي سَفَرٍ، فَكُنَّا نَتَنَاوَبُ الرَّعِيَّةَ، فَلَمَّا كَانَتْ نَوْبَتِي سَرَّحْتُ إِبِلِي ثُمَّ رَجَعْتُ، فَجِئْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَهُوَ يَخْطُبُ النَّاسَ، فَسَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: «مَا مِنْ مُسْلِمٍ يَتَوَضَّأُ فَيُسْبِغُ الْوُضُوءَ ثُمَّ يَقُومُ فِي صَلَاتِهِ فَيَعْلَمُ مَا يَقُولُ إِلَّا انْفَتَلَ كَيَوْمِ وَلَدَتْهُ أُمُّهُ مِنَ الْخَطَايَا لَيْسَ عَلَيْهِ ذَنْبٌ». قَالَ: فَمَا مَلَكْتُ نَفْسِي عِنْدَ ذَلِكَ أَنْ قُلْتُ: بَخٍ بَخٍ، فَقَالَ عُمَرُ وَكُنْتُ إِلَى جَنْبِهِ: أَتَعْجَبُ مِنْ هَذَا؟ قَدْ قَالَ قَبْلَ أَنْ تَجِيءَ مَا هُوَ أَجْوَدُ مِنْهُ. فَقُلْتُ: مَا هُوَ فِدَاكَ أَبِي وَأُمِّي؟ قَالَ: قَالَ: «مَا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يَتَوَضَّأُ فَيُسْبِغُ الْوُضُوءَ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ عِنْدَ فَرَاغِهِ مِنْ وُضُوئِهِ: أَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَأَشْهَدُ أَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدُهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، إِلَّا فُتِحَتْ لَهُ ثَمَانِيَةُ أَبْوَابٍ مِنَ الْجَنَّةِ يَدْخُلُ مِنْ أَيُّهَا شَاءَ». ثُمَّ قَالَ: «يُجْمَعُ النَّاسُ فِي صَعِيدٍ وَاحِدٍ، يَنْفُذُهُمُ الْبَصَرُ، وَيُسْمِعُهُمُ الدَّاعِي، فَيُنَادِي مُنَادٍ: سَيَعْلَمُ أَهْلُ الْجَمْعِ لِمَنِ الْكَرَمُ الْيَوْمَ ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: أَيْنَ الَّذِينَ كَانَتْ ﴿تَتَجَافَى جُنُوبُهُمْ عَنِ الْمَضَاجِعِ﴾؟، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: أَيْنَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا ﴿لَا تُلْهِيهِمْ تِجَارَةٌ وَلَا بَيْعٌ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ﴾؟ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَةِ، ثُمَّ يُنَادِي مُنَادٍ: سَيَعْلَمُ الْجَمْعُ لِمَنِ الْكَرَمُ الْيَوْمَ، ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: أَيْنَ الْحَمَّادُونَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَحْمَدُونَ رَبَّهُمْ؟».

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. ʿAlī b. ʿĪsá al-Ḥīrī
  2. Musaddad b. Qaṭan
  3. ʿUthmān b. Abū Shaybah
  4. Abū al-Aḥwaṣ
  5. Abū Isḥāq
  6. ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAṭāʾ
  7. ʿUqbah b. ʿĀmir al-Juhanī

We were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ on a journey, and we used to take turns tending the animals. When it was my turn, I sent my camels out to graze and then returned. I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ while he was addressing the people, and I heard him say: "There is no Muslim who performs wudu and performs the wudu thoroughly, then stands in his prayer knowing what he is saying, except that he turns away from sins like the day his mother gave birth to him, with no sin upon him." He said: I could not restrain myself at that point from saying, “Bakh, bakh!” Umar, while I was beside him, said: “Are you amazed at this? Before you came, he said something even better than it.” I said: “What is it? May my father and mother be your ransom.” He said: He said: "There is no man who performs wudu and performs the wudu thoroughly, then says when he finishes his wudu, ‘I testify that there is no god but Allah, and I testify that Muhammad is His servant and His Messenger,’ except that eight gates of Paradise are opened for him; he may enter through whichever of them he wishes." Then he said: "The people will be gathered on one plain; sight will reach them all, and the caller will make them all hear. Then a caller will call out: The people of the gathering will surely know for whom honor is today." Three times. Then he will say: "Where are those whose sides used to forsake their beds?" Then he will say: "Where are those whom ‘neither trade nor sale distracted from the remembrance of Allah’ [al-Nur 37], to the end of the verse?" Then a caller will call out: The gathering will surely know for whom honor is today. Then he will say: "Where are the frequent praisers, those who used to praise their Lord?"

Notes

  • This is an authentic hadith, and it has routes from Abu Ishaq. They did not include it. It would have been proper for us to include it in the Book of Wudu, but we were unable to do so. When I found that Imam Ishaq al-Hanzali had cited its routes under His saying, “Men whom neither trade nor sale distracts from the remembrance of Allah” [al-Nur 37], I followed him. Authentic.

  • هَذَا حَدِيثٌ صَحِيحٌ، وَلَهُ طُرُقٌ عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، وَلَمْ يُخْرِجَاهُ، وَكَانَ مِنْ حَقِّنَا أَنْ نُخَرِّجَهُ فِي كِتَابِ الْوُضُوءِ، فَلَمْ نَقْدِرْ، فَلَمَّا وَجَدْتُ الْإِمَامَ إِسْحَاقَ الْحَنْظَلِيَّ خَرَّجَ طُرُقَهُ عِنْدَ قَوْلِهِ {رِجَالٌ لَا تُلْهِيهِمْ تِجَارَةٌ وَلَا بَيْعٌ عَنْ ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ} [النور 37] اتَّبَعْتُهُ. صحيح

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What scholars said about it

In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.

  • Dāraquṭnī

    رواه أبو إدريس الخولاني وجبير بن نفير وليث بن سليم الجهني وابن عم زهرة بن معبد وأبو سلام الأسود ممطور ومحمد بن ثابت القرشي والقاسم أبو عبد الرحمن وأبو الأحوص حكيم بن عمير عن عقبة بن عامر وروي عن حميد بن هلال العدوي عن عقبة بن عامر ولم يسمع من عقبة شيئا وروي عن عبد الله بن عطاء عن عقبة حدث به أبو إسحاق السبيعي واختلف عن أبي إسحاق فرواه إسرائيل وأبو الأحوص وعبيدة بن معتب ومسعر ويوسف بن إسحاق بن أبي إسحاق وسلمة بن صالح الأحمر وغيرهم عن أبي إسحاق عن عبد الله بن عطاء عن عقبة بن عامر ورواه أنيس بن خالد وهلال الوزان عن أبي إسحاق عن عقبة بن عامر ورواه شعبة ففحص عن إسناده وبين علته وذكر أنه سمعه من ابن إسحاق عن عبد الله بن عطاء عن عقبة بن عامر وأنه لقي عبد الله بن عطاء فسأله عنه فأخبره أنه سمعه من سعد بن إبراهيم وأنه لقي سعد بن إبراهيم فسأله فأخبره أنه سمعه من زياد بن مخراق وأنه لقي زياد بن مخراق فأخبره أنه سمعه من شهر بن حوشب وأن الحديث فسد عند شعبة بذكر ابن حوشب فيه وأحسن أسانيده ما رواه معاوية بن صالح عن ربيعة بن يزيد عن أبي إدريس الخولاني وعن أبي عثمان عن جبير بن نفير عن عقبة بن عامر وهو المبري في الباب وأبو عثمان هذا الأصبحي وحديث يحيى بن حمزة عن يزيد بن أبي مريم عن القاسم أبي عبد الرحمن عن عقبة ليس به بأس أيضا والله أعلم وروى هذا الحديث يزيد بن أبي منصور عن دخين أبي الهيثم عن عقبة بن عامر وأسنده عن أبي بكر الصديق عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم وقد تقدم ذكرنا له في مسند أبي بكر رضي الله عنه

    machine translationIt was narrated by Abū Idrīs al-Khawlānī, Jubayr b. Nufayr, Layth b. Sulaym al-Juhanī, the cousin of Zuhrah b. Maʿbad, Abū Sallām al-Aswad Mamṭūr, Muḥammad b. Thābit al-Qurashī, al-Qāsim Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, and Abū al-Aḥwaṣ Ḥakīm b. ʿUmayr, from ʿUqbah b. ʿĀmir. It was also narrated from Ḥumayd b. Hilāl al-ʿAdawī from ʿUqbah b. ʿĀmir, but he did not hear anything from ʿUqbah. It was also narrated from ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAṭāʾ from ʿUqbah; Abū Isḥāq al-Sabīʿī narrated it, and there is disagreement about Abū Isḥāq. Isrāʾīl, Abū al-Aḥwaṣ, ʿUbaydah b. Muʿattib, Misʿar, Yūsuf b. Isḥāq b. Abī Isḥāq, Salamah b. Ṣāliḥ al-Aḥmar and others narrated it from Abū Isḥāq, from ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAṭāʾ, from ʿUqbah b. ʿĀmir. Unays b. Khālid and Hilāl al-Wazzān narrated it from Abū Isḥāq from ʿUqbah b. ʿĀmir. Shuʿbah narrated it and investigated its chain and made clear its defect. He mentioned that he heard it from Ibn Isḥāq, from ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAṭāʾ, from ʿUqbah b. ʿĀmir; that he met ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAṭāʾ and asked him about it, and he informed him that he heard it from Saʿd b. Ibrāhīm; that he met Saʿd b. Ibrāhīm and asked him, and he informed him that he heard it from Ziyād b. Mikhrāq; that he met Ziyād b. Mikhrāq, and he informed him that he heard it from Shahr b. Ḥawshab. The ḥadīth was thus corrupted in Shuʿbah's view by the mention of Ibn Ḥawshab in it. The best of its chains is what Muʿāwiyah b. Ṣāliḥ narrated from Rabīʿah b. Yazīd, from Abū Idrīs al-Khawlānī and from Abū ʿUthmān, from Jubayr b. Nufayr, from ʿUqbah b. ʿĀmir, and that is the one free of fault in the chapter. This Abū ʿUthmān is al-Aṣbaḥī. The ḥadīth of Yaḥyā b. Ḥamzah, from Yazīd b. Abī Maryam, from al-Qāsim Abū ʿAbd al-Raḥmān, from ʿUqbah is also not problematic, and God knows best. Yazīd b. Abī Manṣūr narrated this ḥadīth from Dukhayn Abū al-Haytham, from ʿUqbah b. ʿĀmir, and he traced it back through Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq to the Prophet ﷺ. We have already mentioned it in the Musnad of Abū Bakr, may God be pleased with him.

    in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 3529
  • Abū ʿAbdullāh al-Ḥākim

    هذا حديث صحيح وله طرق عن أبي إسحاق ولم يخرجاه

    in المستدرك على الصحيحين, p. 3529

Narrators

  1. ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
    Commander of the Faithful (amīr al-muʾminīn), well-known, of abundant virtues (jamm al-manāqib)d. 23 AH, also said: 24 AH
    عُمَر بْن الْخَطَّابأمير المؤمنين مشهور جم المناقب
    صريح في السماع
  2. ʿUqbah b. ʿĀmir b. ʿAbs al-Faraḍī
    a well-known Companiond. 58 AH, or: close to 60 AH
    عُقْبَةَ بْنِ عَامِرٍ الْجُهَنِيِّصحابي مشهور
    عن
  3. ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAṭāʾ
    Truthful (ṣadūq), makes mistakes and practises concealment (tadlīs)d. around the year 140 AH
    عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَطَاءٍصدوق يخطئ ويدلس
    عن
  4. Abū Isḥāq al-Sabīʿī
    Trustworthy (thiqah), a prolific narrator (mukthir), devout (ʿābid); his memory became confused (ikhtalaṭa) at the end of his lifed. Ibn ʿUyaynah said 126 AH, Yaḥyā b. Saʿīd said 127 AH, Abū Nuʿaym said 128 AH, ʿAmr b. ʿAlī said 129 AH, Ibn Maʿīn said 132 AH
    أَبِي إِسْحَاقَثقة مكثر عابد , اختلط بآخره
    عن
  5. Abū al-Aḥwaṣ
    trustworthy (thiqah), meticulous (mutqin), a hadith specialist (ṣāḥib ḥadīth)d. 179 AH
    أَبُو الْأَحْوَصِثقة , متقن , صاحب حديث
    حدثنا
  6. ʿUthmān b. Abī Shaybah
    Trustworthy (thiqah), a renowned memorizer (ḥāfiẓ), though he had some errors (awhām). It is also said: he did not memorize the Qurʾānd. 239 AH
    عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَثقة حافظ شهير ، وله أوهام . وقيل : كان لا يحفظ القرآن
    حدثنا
  7. Musaddad b. Qaṭan
    d. 301 AH
    مُسَدَّدُ بْنُ قَطَنٍ
    حدثنا
  8. ʿAlī b. ʿĪsā
    عَلِيُّ بْنُ عِيسَى الْحِيرِيُّ
    حدثني
  9. al-Ḥākim
    d. 403 AH, or 405 AH
    الحاكم

Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com

Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.

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