Musnad al-Bazzar 5389
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وَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، نَا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ نَافِعٍ، نَا أَبُو الْمَهْدِيِّ سَعِيدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الزَّاهِرِيَّةِ، عَنْ كَثِيرِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ:
السُّلْطَانُ ظِلُّ اللهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ يَأْوِي إِلَيْهِ كُلُّ مَظْلُومٍ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ، فَإِنْ عَدَلَ كَانَ لَهُ الْأَجْرُ وَكَانَ- يَعْنِي عَلَى الرَّعِيَّةِ- الشُّكْرُ، وَإِنَّ جَارَ أَوْ حَافَ أَوْ ظَلَمَ كَانَ عَلَيْهِ الْوِزْرُ وَعَلَى الرَّعِيَّةِ الصَّبْرُ، وَإِذَا جَارَتِ الْوُلَاةُ قَحَطَتِ السَّمَاءُ، وَإِذَا مُنِعَتِ الزَّكَاةُ هَلَكَتِ الْمَوَاشِي، وَإِذَا ظَهَرَ الزِّنَا ظَهَرَ الْفَقْرُ وَالْمَسْكَنَةُ، وَإِذَا خُفِرَتِ الذِّمَّةُ أُدِيلَ لِلْكُفَّارِ - أَوْ كَلِمَةً نَحْوَهَا
Translation
Chain of narrators
- ʿAbdullāh b. Aḥmad
- Abū al-Yamān al-Ḥakam b. Nāfiʿ
- Abū al-Mahdī Saʿīd b. Sinān
- Abū al-Zāhiriyyah
- Kathīr b. Murrah
- Ibn ʿUmar
- al-Nabī ﷺ
✧ The ruler is the shade of Allah on earth; every wronged one among His servants takes refuge in him. If he is just, he earns the reward and the subjects owe gratitude; if he oppresses, wrongs, or commits injustice, the burden is on him and the subjects must be patient. When rulers are oppressive, the sky withholds rain; when zakah is withheld, livestock perish; when adultery spreads, poverty and destitution spread; when the covenant is violated, the disbelievers are given the upper hand – or words to that effect.
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What scholars said about it
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- ابن عدي
عامة ما يرويه وخاصة عن أبي الزاهرية غير محفوظة
machine translationMost of what he narrates, and especially from Abū al-Zāhiriyyah, is not preserved (ghayr maḥfūẓ).
in مسند البزار, p. 5389 - Abū al-Ḥasan Nur al-Dīn ʿAlī b. Abi Bakr al-Haythamī
وفيه سعيد بن سنان أبو مهدي وهو متروك
machine translationIn it is Saʿīd b. Sinān Abū Mahdī, and he is abandoned (matrūk).
in مسند البزار, p. 5389
Same hadith, other wordings
- Misykatul Mashabih 3718وَعَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «إِنَّ السُّلْطَانَ ظِلُّ اللَّهِ فِي الْأَرْضِ يَأْوِي إِلَيْهِ كُلُّ مَظْلُومٍ مِنْ عِبَادِهِ فَإِذَا عَدَلَ كَانَ لَهُ الْأَجْرُ وَعَلَى
Narrators
- One of the Companions who narrated most often, and one of the ʿAbādilah; he was among the people most strict in following the narrations (athar).d. 72 AH, or 73 AH, or 74 AH, also said: 75 AHعَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِأحد المكثرين من الصحابة والعبادلة ، وكان من أشد الناس اتباعا للأثرعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah); whoever counted him among the Companions was mistaken (wahima)d. between 71 and 80 AHكَثِيرِ بْنِ مُرَّةَثقة ، ووهم من عده في الصحابةعن
- truthful (ṣadūq)d. at the turn of 100 AH, or 127 AH, or: 129 AHأَبِي الزَّاهِرِيَّةِصدوقعن
- abandoned (matrūk)d. 163 AH or 168 AHأَبُو الْمَهْدِيِّ سَعِيدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍمتروكنا
- trustworthy, precise (thiqah thabt)d. 221 AH, or 222 AHأَبُو الْيَمَانِ الْحَكَمُ بْنُ نَافِعٍثقة ثبتنا
- trustworthy (thiqah)d. 290 AH, or 297عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَثقةنا
- d. 291 AH or 292 AH or 294 AHالبزار
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.
Commentaries
Mirqāt al-Mafātīḥ (al-Mullā ʿAlī Qārī)
Lamaʿāt al-Tanqīḥ (ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq al-Dihlawī)
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