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العربية

Musnad Abi Ya'la 473

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( 473 474 ) - حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ أَبِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سُلَيْمٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ خُثَيْمٍ، عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عِيَاضِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الْقَارِيِّ، أَنَّهُ جَاءَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ شَدَّادٍ، فَدَخَلَ عَلَى عَائِشَةَ، وَنَحْنُ عِنْدَهَا جُلُوسٌ، مَرْجِعَهُ مِنَ الْعِرَاقِ لَيَالِيَ قُتِلَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، فَقَالَتْ لَهُ: يَا ابْنَ شَدَّادِ بْنِ الْهَادِ، هَلْ أَنْتَ صَادِقِي عَمَّا أَسْأَلُكَ عَنْهُ ؟ حَدِّثْنِي عَنِ الْقَوْمِ الَّذِينَ قَتَلَهُمْ عَلِيٌّ، قَالَ: وَمَا لِي لَا أَصْدُقُكِ ؟ قَالَتْ: فَحَدِّثْنِي عَنْ قِصَّتِهِمْ، قَالَ: فَإِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ لَمَّا كَاتَبَ مُعَاوِيَةَ وَحَكَمَ الْحَكَمَانِ خَرَجَ عَلَيْهِ ثَمَانِيَةُ آلَافٍ مِنْ قُرَّاءِ النَّاسِ، فَنَزَلُوا بِأَرْضٍ يُقَالُ لَهَا: حَرُورَاءُ مِنْ جَانِبِ الْكُوفَةِ، وَأَنَّهُمْ عَتَبُوا عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالُوا: انْسَلَخْتَ مِنْ قَمِيصٍ كَسَاكَهُ اللهُ، وَاسْمٍ سَمَّاكَ اللهُ بِهِ، ثُمَّ انْطَلَقْتَ فَحَكَّمْتَ فِي دِينِ اللهِ، فَلَا حُكْمَ إِلَّا لِلهِ، فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ عَلِيًّا مَا عَتَبُوا عَلَيْهِ وَفَارَقُوهُ عَلَيْهِ، أَمَرَ مُؤَذِّنًا فَأَذَّنَ أَنْ لَا يَدْخُلَنَّ عَلَى أَمِيرِ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ إِلَّا مَنْ قَدْ حَمَلَ الْقُرْآنَ، فَلَمَّا امْتَلَأَتِ الدَّارُ مِنْ قُرَّاءِ النَّاسِ دَعَا بِمُصْحَفٍ إِمَامٍ عَظِيمٍ، فَوَضَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ فَطَفِقَ يَصُكُّهُ بِيَدِهِ، وَيَقُولُ:

أَيُّهَا الْمُصْحَفُ، حَدِّثِ النَّاسَ، فَنَادَاهُ النَّاسُ: يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ مَا تَسْأَلُ عَنْهُ إِنَّمَا هُوَ مِدَادٌ فِي وَرَقٍ، وَنَحْنُ نَتَكَلَّمُ بِمَا رَأَيْنَا مِنْهُ، فَمَا تُرِيدُ ؟ قَالَ: أَصْحَابُكُمْ أُولَاءِ الَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا، بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَهُمْ كِتَابُ اللهِ، يَقُولُ اللهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ فِي امْرَأَةٍ وَرَجُلٍ: وَإِنْ خِفْتُمْ شِقَاقَ بَيْنِهِمَا فَابْعَثُوا حَكَمًا مِنْ أَهْلِهِ وَحَكَمًا مِنْ أَهْلِهَا إِنْ يُرِيدَا إِصْلاحًا يُوَفِّقِ اللهُ بَيْنَهُمَا. فَأُمَّةُ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ أَعْظَمُ حُرْمَةً - أَوْ: ذِمَّةً - مِنِ امْرَأَةٍ وَرَجُلٍ، وَنَقَمُوا عَلَيَّ أَنِّي كَاتَبْتُ مُعَاوِيَةَ، كَتَبْتُ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَقَدْ جَاءَنَا سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو فَكَتَبَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ، قَالَ: لَا تَكْتُبْ بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمَنِ الرَّحِيمِ، قَالَ: وَكَيْفَ نَكْتُبُ ؟ فَقَالَ سُهَيْلٌ: اكْتُبْ: بِاسْمِكَ اللَّهُمَّ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: فَاكْتُبْ: مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولُ اللهِ، فَقَالَ: لَوْ أَعْلَمُ أَنَّكَ رَسُولُ اللهِ لَمْ أُخَالِفْكَ، فَكَتَبَ: هَذَا مَا صَالَحَ عَلَيْهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللهِ قُرَيْشًا، يَقُولُ اللهُ فِي كِتَابِهِ: لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ لِمَنْ كَانَ يَرْجُو اللهَ وَالْيَوْمَ الآخِرَ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ، فَخَرَجْتُ مَعَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا تَوَسَّطْتُ عَسْكَرَهُمْ، قَامَ ابْنُ الْكَوَّاءِ فَخَطَبَ النَّاسَ، فَقَالَ: أَيَا حَمَلَةَ الْقُرْآنِ، هَذَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، فَمَنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ يَعْرِفُهُ فَلْيَعْرِفْهُ، فَإِنَّمَا أُعَرِّفُهُ مِنْ كِتَابِ اللهِ، هَذَا مِمَّنْ نَزَلَ فِيهِ وَفِي قَوْمِهِ قَوْمٌ خَصِمُونَ فَرُدُّوهُ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ، وَلَا تُوَاضِعُوهُ كِتَابَ اللهِ، قَالَ: فَقَامَ خُطَبَاؤُهُمْ، فَقَالُوا: وَاللهِ لَنُوَاضِعَنَّهُ الْكِتَابَ، فَإِنْ جَاءَنَا بِحَقٍّ نَعْرِفُهُ لَنَتَّبِعَنَّهُ، وَإِنَّ جَاءَ بِبَاطِلٍ لَنُبَكِّتَنَّهُ بِبَاطِلٍ، وَلَنَرُدَّنَّهُ إِلَى صَاحِبِهِ، فَوَاضَعُوا عَبْدَ اللهِ بْنَ عَبَّاسٍ الْكِتَابَ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، فَرَجَعَ مِنْهُمْ أَرْبَعَةُ آلَافٍ، كُلُّهُمْ تَائِبٌ، فِيهِمُ ابْنُ الْكَوَّاءِ، حَتَّى أَدْخَلَهُمْ عَلَيٌّ عَلَى الْكُوفَةَ، فَبَعَثَ عَلِيٌّ إِلَى بَقِيَّتِهِمْ، قَالَ: قَدْ كَانَ مِنْ أَمْرِنَا وَأَمْرِ النَّاسِ مَا قَدْ رَأَيْتُمْ، فَقِفُوا حَيْثُ شِئْتُمْ، بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَكُمْ: أَلَّا تَسْفِكُوا دَمًا حَرَامًا، أَوْ تَقْطَعُوا سَبِيلًا، أَوْ تَظْلِمُوا ذِمَّةً، فَإِنَّكُمْ إِنْ فَعَلْتُمْ فَقَدْ نَبَذْنَا إِلَيْكُمُ الْحَرْبَ عَلَى سَوَاءٍ إِنَّ اللهَ لا يُحِبُّ الْخَائِنِينَ، قَالَ: فَقَالَتْ لَهُ عَائِشَةُ: يَا ابْنَ شَدَّادٍ، فَقَدْ قَتَلَهُمْ ؟ قَالَ: فَوَاللهِ مَا بَعَثَ إِلَيْهِمْ حَتَّى قَطَعُوا السَّبِيلَ وَسَفَكُوا الدِّمَاءَ، وَاسْتَحَلُّوا الذِّمَّةَ، قَالَتْ: وَاللهِ ؟ قَالَ: وَاللهِ الَّذِي لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ لَقَدْ كَانَ، قَالَتْ: فَمَا شَيْءٌ بَلَغَنِي عَنْ أَهْلِ الْعِرَاقِ يَتَحَدَّثُونَهُ، يَقُولُونَ: ذَا الثُّدَيَّةِ ؟ مَرَّتَيْنِ، قَالَ: قَدْ رَأَيْتُهُ وَقُمْتُ مَعَ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ فِي الْقَتْلَى، فَدَعَا النَّاسَ، فَقَالَ: هَلْ تَعْرِفُونَ هَذَا ؟ فَمَا أَكْثَرَ مَنْ جَاءَ يَقُولُ: رَأَيْتُهُ فِي مَسْجِدِ بَنِي فُلَانٍ يُصَلِّي، وَلَمْ يَأْتُوا فِيهِ بِثَبَتٍ يُعْرَفُ إِلَّا ذَلِكَ، قَالَتْ: فَمَا قَوْلُ عَلِيٍّ حِينَ قَامَ عَلَيْهِ، كَمَا يَزْعُمُ أَهْلُ الْعِرَاقِ ؟ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُهُ يَقُولُ: صَدَقَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، قَالَتْ: فَهَلْ سَمِعْتَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ ؟ قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ لَا، قَالَتْ: أَجَلْ، صَدَقَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، يَرْحَمُ اللهُ عَلِيًّا إِنَّهُ كَانَ مِنْ كَلَامِهِ لَا يَرَى شَيْئًا يُعْجِبُهُ، إِلَّا قَالَ: صَدَقَ اللهُ وَرَسُولُهُ، فَذَهَبَ أَهْلُ الْعِرَاقِ فَيَكْذِبُونَ عَلَيْهِ وَيَزِيدُونَ عَلَيْهِ فِي الْحَدِيثِ.

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Isḥāq b. Abū Isrāʾīl
  2. Yaḥyá b. Sulaym
  3. ʿAbdullāh b. ʿUthmān b. Khuthaym
  4. ʿUbaydullāh b. ʿIyāḍ b. ʿAmr al-Qārī
  5. Jāʾ ʿAbdullāh b. Shaddād Fadakhal
  6. ʿĀʾishah And Naḥn ʿIndahā Julūs Marjiʿah Min al-ʿIrāq Layālī Qutil ʿAlī b. Abū Ṭālib
  7. Lah Yā Ibn Shaddād b. al-Hād Hal Ant Ṣādiqī ʿAmmā Asʾaluk ʿAnh Ḥaddithnī
  8. al-Qawm al--Adhīn Qatalahum ʿAlī
  9. Wamā Lī Lā Aṣduquk
  10. Faḥaddithnī
  11. Qiṣṣatihim
  12. Faʾin ʿAlī b. Abū Ṭālib Lammā Kātab Muʿāwiyah Waḥakam al-Ḥakamān Kharaj ʿAlayh Thamāniyah Ālāf Min Qurrāʾ al-Nās Fanazalūā Biʾarḍ Yuqāl Lahā Ḥarūrāʾ Min Jānib al-Kūfah Waʾannahum ʿAtabūā ʿAlayh
  13. Ūā Ānsalakht Min Qamīṣ Kasākah Allāh Wāsm Sammāk Allāh Bih Thum Ānṭalaqt Faḥakkamt Fī Dīn Allāh Falā Ḥukm Illā Lilh Falammā Balagh ʿAlī Mā ʿAtabūā ʿAlayh Wafāraqūh ʿAlayh Amar Muʾadhhin Faʾadhhan
  14. Lā Yadkhulan
  15. Amīr al-Muʾminīn Illā Man Qad Ḥamal al-Qurān Falammā Āmtalaʾat al-Dār Min Qurrāʾ al-Nās Daʿā Bimuṣḥaf Imām ʿAẓīm Fawaḍaʿah ʿAlī Bayn Yadayh Faṭafiq Yaṣukkuh Biyadih

✧ O mushaf, narrate to the people. The people called out to him: O Commander of the Faithful, do not ask it; it is only ink on paper, and we speak of what we have seen from it, so what do you want? He said: These companions of yours who went out—between me and them is the Book of God. God says in His Book concerning a woman and a man: 'If you fear a breach between the two, appoint an arbiter from his family and an arbiter from her family; if they both desire reconciliation, God will bring about accord between them.' The community of Muhammad ﷺ is greater in sanctity—or protection—than a woman and a man. They criticized me for making a written agreement with Muawiyah. I wrote 'Ali b. Abi Talib,' but Suhayl b. Amr came to us, and the Messenger of God ﷺ wrote: 'In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.' Suhayl said: Do not write 'In the name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.' He said: How then should we write? Suhayl said: Write 'In Your name, O God.' The Messenger of God ﷺ said: Then write: 'Muhammad is the Messenger of God.' Suhayl said: If I knew you were the Messenger of God, I would not have opposed you. So he wrote: 'This is what Muhammad b. Abdullah has agreed upon with Quraysh.' God says in His Book: 'You have in the Messenger of God a good example for whoever hopes in God and the Last Day.' So Ali sent Abdullah b. Abbas to them, and I went out with him until, when we were in the middle of their camp, Ibn al-Kawwa' stood and addressed the people, saying: O bearers of the Quran, this is Abdullah b. Abbas. Let whoever does not know him know him, for I introduce him from the Book of God. This is one of those about whom and about his people it was revealed: '...a contentious people.' So send him back to his companion and do not debate the Book of God with him. He said: Their orators stood and said: By God, we will debate the Book with him. If he brings us a truth we recognize, we will follow it, and if he brings falsehood, we will refute him and return him to his companion. So they debated the Book with Abdullah b. Abbas for three days, and four thousand of them returned, all repentant, including Ibn al-Kawwa', until Ali brought them into Kufa. Then Ali sent to the rest of them, saying: You have seen what has happened in our affair and that of the people. So remain where you wish, but between us and you: do not shed sacred blood, do not cut off a road, and do not wrong a protected person. If you do, we will declare war on you openly. God does not love the treacherous. He said: Aishah said to him: O Ibn Shaddad, so he killed them? He said: By God, he did not send against them until they cut off roads, shed blood, and violated protected persons. She said: By God? He said: By God besides whom there is no god, it was so. She said: What is this thing I have heard from the people of Iraq, that they call him 'Dhu al-Thudayya'? twice. He said: I saw him and stood with Ali over him among the slain. He called the people and said: Do you know this man? Many came saying: I saw him in the mosque of Banu so-and-so praying, but they did not bring any proof other than that. She said: What did Ali say when he stood over him, as the people of Iraq claim? He said: I heard him say: God and His Messenger spoke the truth. She said: Did you hear him say anything else? He said: By God, no. She said: Yes, God and His Messenger spoke the truth. May God have mercy on Ali. It was part of his speech that whenever he saw something that pleased him, he would say: God and His Messenger spoke the truth. The people of Iraq then lie about him and add to the narration.

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