Dalil
العربية

al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Nasa'i) 5697

✧ Ornaments for Muslim Women Excluding Jewish and Christian Women

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أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ وَالْحَارِثُ بْنُ مِسْكِينٍ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ وَأَنَا أَسْمَعُ وَاللَّفْظُ لِمُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ الْقَاسِمِ عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ نَافِعٍ عَنْ زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ أَنَّهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ بِهَذِهِ الْأَحَادِيثِ الثَّلَاثَةِ فَقَالَتْ

زَيْنَبُ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى أُمِّ حَبِيبَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِي ﷺ حِينَ تُوُفِّيَ أَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبٍ فَدَعَتْ أُمُّ حَبِيبَةَ بِطِيبٍ فَدَهَنَتْ مِنْهُ جَارِيَةً ثُمَّ مَسَّتْ بِعَارِضَيْهَا ثُمَّ قَالَتْ وَاللهِ مَالِي بِالطِّيبِ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ غَيْرَ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ «لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَبِالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ تُحِدُّ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثِ لَيَالٍ إِلَّا عَلَى زَوْجٍ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا» قَالَتْ زَيْنَبُ ثُمَّ دَخَلْتُ عَلَى زَيْنَبَ بِنْتِ جَحْشٍ حِينَ تُوُفِّيَ أَخُوهَا وَقَدْ دَعَتْ بِطِيبٍ فَمَسَّتْ مِنْهُ ثُمَّ قَالَتْ وَاللهِ مَالِي بِالطِّيبِ مِنْ حَاجَةٍ غَيْرَ أَنِّي سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ يَقُولُ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ «لَا يَحِلُّ لِامْرَأَةٍ تُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الْآخِرِ تُحِدُّ عَلَى مَيِّتٍ فَوْقَ ثَلَاثِ لَيَالٍ إِلَّا عَلَى زَوْجٍ أَرْبَعَةَ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرًا» وَقَالَتْ زَيْنَبُ سَمِعْتُ أُمَّ سَلَمَةَ تَقُولُ جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَقَالَتْ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ إِنَّ ابْنَتِي تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا وَقَدِ اشْتَكَتْ عَيْنَهَا أَفَأَكْحُلُهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ «لَا» ثُمَّ قَالَ «إِنَّمَا هِيَ أَرْبَعَةُ أَشْهُرٍ وَعَشْرٌ وَقَدْ كَانَتْ إِحْدَاكُنَّ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ تَرْمِي بِالْبَعْرَةِ عِنْدَ رَأْسِ الْحَوْلِ» قَالَ حُمَيْدٌ فَقُلْتُ لِزَيْنَبَ وَمَا تَرْمِي بِالْبَعْرَةِ عِنْدَ الْحَوْلِ قَالَتْ زَيْنَبُ كَانَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ إِذَا تُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا دَخَلَتْ حِفْشًا وَلَبِسَتْ شَرَّ ثِيَابِهَا وَلَمْ تَمَسَّ طِيبًا وَلَا شَيْئًا حَتَّى تَمُرَّ بِهَا سَنَةٌ ثُمَّ تُؤْتَى بِدَابَّةٍ حِمَارٍ أَوْ شَاةٍ أَوْ طَيْرٍ فَتَفْتَضُّ بِهِ فَقَلَّمَا تَفْتَضُّ بِشَيْءٍ إِلَّا مَاتَ ثُمَّ تَخْرُجُ فَتُعْطَى بَعَرَةً فَتَرْمِي بِهَا وَتُرَاجِعُ بَعْدُ مَا شَاءَتْ مِنْ طِيبٍ أَوْ غَيْرِهِ قَالَ مَالِكٌ تَفْتَضُّ بِهِ تَمْسَحُ بِهِ وَفِي حَدِيثِ مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ مَالِكٌ الْحِفْشُ الْخُصُّ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Muḥammad b. Salamah And al-Ḥārith b. Miskīn
  2. Wa-al-Lafẓ Limuḥammad
  3. Ibn al-Qāsim
  4. Mālik
  5. ʿAbdullāh b. Abū Bakr
  6. Ḥumayd b. Nāfiʿ
  7. Zaynab b. Abū Salamah
  8. Bihadhih al-Aḥādīth al-Thalāthah

✧ Zaynab said: I entered upon Umm Ḥabībah, the wife of the Prophet ﷺ, when Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb died. Umm Ḥabībah called for perfume and applied some of it to a slave girl, then touched her own cheeks with it. Then she said: “By Allah, I have no need of perfume, except that I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say: ‘It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn a deceased person for more than three nights, except for a husband, four months and ten days.’” Zaynab said: Then I entered upon Zaynab bt. Jaḥsh when her brother died. She called for perfume and touched some of it, then said: “By Allah, I have no need of perfume, except that I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ say on the pulpit: ‘It is not lawful for a woman who believes in Allah and the Last Day to mourn a deceased person for more than three nights, except for a husband, four months and ten days.’” Zaynab also said: I heard Umm Salamah say: A woman came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: “O Messenger of Allah, my daughter’s husband has died and she is suffering from an eye ailment. May I apply kohl to her eyes?” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “No.” Then he said: “It is only four months and ten days. In the pre-Islamic era, one of you would throw a piece of dung at the end of a year.” Ḥumayd said: I asked Zaynab, “What does throwing a piece of dung at the end of the year mean?” Zaynab said: “In the pre-Islamic era, when a woman’s husband died, she would enter a small tent, wear her worst clothes, and not touch perfume or anything until a year passed. Then she would be brought a donkey, a sheep, or a bird, and she would wipe herself with it. She rarely wiped herself with anything without it dying. Then she would come out and be given a piece of dung, which she would throw. After that she could resume whatever she wished of perfume or anything else.” Mālik said: “She would wipe herself with it” means she would rub herself with it. In the ḥadīth of Muḥammad, Mālik said: “al-ḥifsh is a small hut.”

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No grade is recorded for this wording.