al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 5093
✧ Battle of Uhud
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قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ: أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرِ بْنِ حَازِمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ يَقُولُ: حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنِ الزُّبَيْرِ ؓ، قَالَ:
وَاللهِ، إِنِّي لَأَنْظُرُ يَوْمَئِذٍ إِلَى خَدَمِ النِّسَاءِ مُشَمِّرَاتٍ يَسْعَيْنَ حِينَ انْهَزَمَ الْقَوْمُ، وَمَا أَرَى دُونَ أَخْذِهِنَّ شَيْئًا، وَإِنَّا لَنَحْسِبُهُمْ قَتْلَى مَا يَرْجِعُ إِلَيْنَا مِنْهُمْ أَحَدٌ، وَلَقَدْ أُصِيبَ أَصْحَابُ اللِّوَاءِ، وَصَبَرُوا عِنْدَهُ حَتَّى صَارَ إِلَى عَبْدٍ لَهُ حَبَشِيٍّ يُقَالُ لَهُ: صَوَابٌ، ثُمَّ قُتِلَ صَوَابٌ فَطَرَحَ اللِّوَاءَ، فَمَا يَقْرَبُهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ خَلْقِ اللهِ تَعَالَى حَتَّى وَثَبَتْ إِلَيْهِ عَمْرَةُ بِنْتُ عَلْقَمَةَ الْحَارِثِيَّةُ، فَرَفَعَتْهُ لَهُمْ، وَثَابَ إِلَيْهِ النَّاسُ. قَالَ الزُّبَيْرُ ؓ: فَوَاللهِ، إِنَّا لَكَذَلِكَ قَدْ عَلَوْنَاهُمْ وَظَهَرْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ، إِذْ خَالَفَتِ الرُّمَاةُ عَنْ أَمْرِ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ، فَأَقْبَلُوا إِلَى الْعَسْكَرِ حِينَ رَأَوْهُ مُخْتَلًّا قَدْ أَجْهَضْنَاهُمْ عَنْهُ، فَرَغِبُوا إِلَى الْغَنَائِمِ وَتَرَكُوا عَهْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ ﷺ فَجَعَلُوا يَأْخُذُونَ الْأَمْتِعَةَ، فَأَتَتْنَا الْخَيْلُ مِنْ خَلْفِنَا فَحَطَّمَتْنَا، وَكَرَّ النَّاسُ مُنْهَزِمِينَ، فَصَرَخَ صَارِخٌ يَرَوْنَ أَنَّهُ الشَّيْطَانُ: أَلَا إِنَّ مُحَمَّدًا قَدْ قُتِلَ، فَأَعْظَمَ النَّاسُ، وَرَكِبَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا، فَصَارُوا أَثْلَاثًا: ثُلُثًا جَرِيحًا، وَثُلُثًا مَقْتُولًا، وَثُلُثًا مُنْهَزِمًا، قَدْ بَلَغَتِ الْحَرْبُ، وَقَدْ كَانَتِ الرُّمَاةُ اخْتَلَفُوا فِيمَا بَيْنَهُمْ، فَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ رَأَوُا النَّاسَ وَقَعُوا فِي الْغَنَائِمِ: وَقَدْ هَزَمَ اللهُ تَعَالَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَأَخَذَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ الْغَنَائِمَ، فَمَاذَا تَنْتَظِرُونَ ؟ وَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ: قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْكُمْ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ، وَنَهَاكُمْ أَنْ تُفَارِقُوا مَكَانَكُمْ، إِنْ كَانَتْ عَلَيْهِ أَوْ لَهُ، فَتَنَازَعُوا فِي ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ الطَّائِفَةَ الْأُولَى مِنَ الرُّمَاةِ أَبَتْ إِلَّا أَنْ تَلْحَقَ بِالْعَسْكَرِ، فَتَفَرَّقَ الْقَوْمُ، وَتَرَكُوا مَكَانَهُمْ، فَعِنْدَ ذَلِكَ حَمَلَتْ خَيْلُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- Isḥāq
- And Hb b. Jarīr b. Ḥāzim
- my father
- Muḥammad b. Isḥāq
- Yaḥyá b. ʿAbbād
- his father
- ʿAbdullāh b. al-Zubayr
- al-Zubayr
✧ By Allah, on that day I saw the anklets of the women exposed as they ran when the people were defeated, and I saw nothing to prevent taking them. We thought them all killed, none of them returning to us. The bearers of the banner were struck down and stood firm by it until it came to a slave of his, an Abyssinian called Sawab. Then Sawab was killed and threw down the banner, and no creature of Allah Almighty approached it until 'Amrah bt. 'Alqamah al-Harithiyyah rushed to it and raised it for them, and the people rallied to it. Al-Zubayr ؓ said: By Allah, while we were thus, having gained the upper hand over them, the archers disobeyed the command of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. They came to the camp when they saw it stripped and we had driven them from it. They desired the spoils and abandoned the covenant of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. They began taking the goods. Then the cavalry came upon us from behind and crushed us, and the people turned in defeat. A crier, whom they thought was Satan, shouted: Indeed Muhammad has been killed. The people were horrified, and they trampled one another, becoming three groups: one third wounded, one third killed, and one third defeated. The war intensified. The archers had disagreed among themselves. A group, seeing the people falling upon the spoils, said: Allah Almighty has defeated the polytheists and the Muslims have taken the spoils, so what are you waiting for? Another group said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has instructed you and forbidden you to leave your place, whether it goes for him or against him. They disputed about that. Then the first group of archers insisted on joining the camp, so the people dispersed and left their place. At that moment the cavalry of the polytheists charged.
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