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العربية

al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 5080

✧ Battle of Badr

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وَقَالَ إِسْحَاقُ: أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ يَقُولُ: حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ، قَالَ:

افْتَرَضَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ الْوَاحِدُ الْعَشَرَةَ، فَثَقُلَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَوَضَعَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَيْنِ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى فِي ذَلِكَ: إِنْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ عِشْرُونَ صَابِرُونَ يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَاتِ، فَقَالَ: لَوْلا كِتَابٌ مِنَ اللهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِيمَا أَخَذْتُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ يَعْنِي: غَنَائِمَ بَدْرٍ، يَقُولُ: لَوْلَا أَنِّي لَا أُعَذِّبُ مَنْ عَصَانِي حَتَّى أَتَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لِمَنْ فِي أَيْدِيكُمْ مِنَ الْأُسَارَى، الْآيَةَ. فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ ؓ: فِيَّ وَاللهِ نَزَلَتْ؛ حِينَ أَخْبَرْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِإِسْلَامِي وَسَأَلْتُهُ أَنْ يُحَاسِبَنِي بِالْعِشْرِينَ الْأُوقِيَّةَ الَّتِي أَخَذْتُ مَعِي، فَأَعْطَانِي بِهَا عِشْرِينَ عَبْدًا، كُلُّهُمْ قَدْ تَاجَرَ بِمَالٍ فِي يَدِهِ، مَعَ مَا أَرْجُو مِنْ مَغْفِرَةِ اللهِ تَعَالَى

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Isḥāq
  2. And Hb b. Jarīr
  3. my father
  4. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq
  5. ʿAbdullāh b. Abū Najīḥ
  6. ʿAṭāʾ
  7. Ibn ʿAbbās

✧ Allah Almighty obliged them to fight one against ten, and that was heavy and hard for them, so Allah Almighty reduced it for them to a man fighting two men. And Allah Almighty revealed about that: “If there are among you twenty steadfast, they will overcome two hundred” to the end of the verses. Then He said: “Were it not for a prior decree from Allah, a great punishment would have touched you for what you took,” meaning the spoils of Badr. He says: Had I not decreed that I will not punish those who disobey Me until I have given them prior warning. Then He said: “O Prophet, say to those captives in your hands,” the verse. Al-'Abbas ؓ said: It was revealed concerning me, by Allah, when I informed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ of my Islam and asked him to settle with me the twenty uqiyyas that I had taken with me, and he gave me in return twenty slaves, each of whom had traded with wealth in his hand, along with what I hope for from the forgiveness of Allah Almighty.

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Other narrations of this report

Sahih Ibn Hibban 4773al-Mu'jam al-Kabir (al-Tabarani) 11428al-Mu'jam al-Awsat 8115

Narrators

  1. ʿAbdullāh b. ʿAbbās
    One of the Companions who narrated most prolifically (mukthirūn).d. 65 AH, or 67 AH, or 68 AH, also said: 69 AH, also said: 70 AH; also said: 73 AH
    عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ عَبَّاسٍأحد المكثرين من الصحابة
    عن
  2. ʿAṭāʾ b. Abī Rabāḥ
    Trustworthy (thiqah), a jurist (faqīh), virtuous, but he often narrated with omission of the Companion (irsāl); it is said that he changed (taghayyara) at the end of his life, though this was not frequent in himd. 112 AH, or 114 AH, or 115 AH, or 116 AH, or 117 AH
    عَطَاءٍثقة فقيه ، فاضل لكنه كثير الإرسال ، وقيل : إنه تغير بآخره ، ولم يكثر ذلك منه
    عن
  3. Ibn Abī Najīḥ
    Trustworthy (thiqah), accused of belief in qadar (free will), and sometimes committed tadlīs (obscuring the source of a report)d. 131 AH, or 132 AH
    عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي نَجِيحٍثقة رمي بالقدر وربما دلس
    حدثني
  4. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq
    Truthful (ṣadūq), he practiced concealment (yudallis), and was accused of Shiʿism (tashayyuʿ) and of belief in free will (qadar)d. ʿAmr b. ʿAlī said, and Ibrāhīm b. Muḥammad b. ʿArafah: 150 AH, Muḥammad b. Saʿd said elsewhere: al-Haytham b. ʿAdī said: 151 AH, he said: and his son said: 150 AH. Aḥmad b. Khālid al-Wahbī said: 151 AH, Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn said, and ʿAlī Ibn al-Madīnī, and Zakariyyā b. Yaḥyā al-Sājī: 152 AH, khalīfah b. Khayyāṭ said: 153 AH, 152 AH
    مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَصدوق يدلس ، ورمي بالتشيع والقدر
    سمعت
  5. Jarīr b. Ḥāzim
    Trustworthy (thiqah), but there is weakness in his narrations from Qatādah, and he has errors (awhām) when he narrates from memoryd. 170 AH or 177 AH or 179 AH, also said: 167 AH
    أَبِيثقة ، لكن في حديثه عن قتادة ضعف ، وله أوهام إذا حدث من حفظه
    حدثنا
  6. Wahb b. Jarīr
    trustworthy (thiqah)d. 206 AH, or 207 AH
    وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍثقة
    أخبرنا
  7. Isḥāq b. Ibrāhīm
    trustworthy, a memorizer, a mujtahid (thiqah ḥāfiẓ mujtahid)d. 237 AH, or 238 AH
    إِسْحَاقُثقة حافظ مجتهد

Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com

Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.

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