Dalil
العربية

al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 5080

✧ Battle of Badr

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وَقَالَ إِسْحَاقُ: أَخْبَرَنَا وَهْبُ بْنُ جَرِيرٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مُحَمَّدَ بْنَ إِسْحَاقَ يَقُولُ: حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ؓ، قَالَ:

افْتَرَضَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِمْ أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ الْوَاحِدُ الْعَشَرَةَ، فَثَقُلَ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ وَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَوَضَعَ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَنْهُمْ إِلَى أَنْ يُقَاتِلَ الرَّجُلُ الرَّجُلَيْنِ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعَالَى فِي ذَلِكَ: إِنْ يَكُنْ مِنْكُمْ عِشْرُونَ صَابِرُونَ يَغْلِبُوا مِائَتَيْنِ إِلَى آخِرِ الْآيَاتِ، فَقَالَ: لَوْلا كِتَابٌ مِنَ اللهِ سَبَقَ لَمَسَّكُمْ فِيمَا أَخَذْتُمْ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ يَعْنِي: غَنَائِمَ بَدْرٍ، يَقُولُ: لَوْلَا أَنِّي لَا أُعَذِّبُ مَنْ عَصَانِي حَتَّى أَتَقَدَّمَ إِلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُلْ لِمَنْ فِي أَيْدِيكُمْ مِنَ الْأُسَارَى، الْآيَةَ. فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ ؓ: فِيَّ وَاللهِ نَزَلَتْ؛ حِينَ أَخْبَرْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ بِإِسْلَامِي وَسَأَلْتُهُ أَنْ يُحَاسِبَنِي بِالْعِشْرِينَ الْأُوقِيَّةَ الَّتِي أَخَذْتُ مَعِي، فَأَعْطَانِي بِهَا عِشْرِينَ عَبْدًا، كُلُّهُمْ قَدْ تَاجَرَ بِمَالٍ فِي يَدِهِ، مَعَ مَا أَرْجُو مِنْ مَغْفِرَةِ اللهِ تَعَالَى

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Isḥāq
  2. And Hb b. Jarīr
  3. my father
  4. Muḥammad b. Isḥāq
  5. ʿAbdullāh b. Abū Najīḥ
  6. ʿAṭāʾ
  7. Ibn ʿAbbās

✧ Allah Almighty obliged them to fight one against ten, and that was heavy and hard for them, so Allah Almighty reduced it for them to a man fighting two men. And Allah Almighty revealed about that: “If there are among you twenty steadfast, they will overcome two hundred” to the end of the verses. Then He said: “Were it not for a prior decree from Allah, a great punishment would have touched you for what you took,” meaning the spoils of Badr. He says: Had I not decreed that I will not punish those who disobey Me until I have given them prior warning. Then He said: “O Prophet, say to those captives in your hands,” the verse. Al-'Abbas ؓ said: It was revealed concerning me, by Allah, when I informed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ of my Islam and asked him to settle with me the twenty uqiyyas that I had taken with me, and he gave me in return twenty slaves, each of whom had traded with wealth in his hand, along with what I hope for from the forgiveness of Allah Almighty.

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