Dalil
العربية

al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 3801

✧ Virtue of reducing worldly possessions and praising the ascetics among them

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حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرُ بْنُ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، ثَنَا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، ثَنَا حَيَّانُ بْنُ الْبَصْرِيِّ، عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ بْنِ نُوحٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ عَلِيٍّ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ؓ قَالَ:

سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى أُسَامَةَ بْنِ زَيْدٍ ؓ، فَقَالَ: « يَا أُسَامَةُ، إِيَّاكَ وَكُلَّ كَبِدٍ جَائِعَةٍ تُخَاصِمُكَ إِلَى اللهِ تَعَالَى يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَإِيَّاكَ وَدُعَاءَ عِبَادٍ قَدْ أَذَابُوا اللُّحُومَ، وَحَرَقُوا الْجُلُودَ بِالرِّيَاحِ وَالسَّمَائِمِ، وَأَظْمَأُوا الْأَكْبَادَ حَتَّى غُشِيَتْ أَبْصَارُهُمْ، فَإِنْ شِئْتَ فَانْظُرْ إِلَيْهِمْ فَتُسَرُّ بِهِمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ، بِهِمْ تُصْرَفُ الزَّلَازِلُ وَالْفِتَنُ » ثُمَّ بَكَى حَتَّى اشْتَدَّ نَحِيبُهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: « وَيْحٌ لِهَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ، مَا تَلْقَى مِنْهُمْ مَنْ أَطَاعَ رَبَّهُ، كَيْفَ يَقْتُلُونَهُ وَيُكَذِّبُونَهُ مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّهُمْ أَطَاعُوا اللهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى » ؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَالنَّاسُ يَوْمَئِذٍ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ ؟ قَالَ ﷺ: « نَعَمْ ». قَالَ: فَفِيمَ إِذًا يَقْتَتِلُونَ ؟ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: « يَا عُمَرُ تَرَكَ الْقَوْمُ الطَّرِيقَ وَرَكِبُوا الدَّوَابَّ، وَلَبِسُوا أَلْيَنَ الثِّيَابِ، وَخَدَمَتْهُمْ أَبْنَاءُ فَارِسَ، تَتَزَيَّنُ لَهُمْ تَزَيُّنَ الْمَرْأَةِ لِزَوْجِهَا، فَإِذَا تَكَلَّمَ أَوْلِيَاءُ اللهِ تَعَالَى عَلَيْهِمُ الْعَبَاءُ مَحْنِيَّةٌ أَصْلَابُهُمْ، قَدْ ذَبَحُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ بِالْعَطَشِ، فَإِذَا تَكَلَّمَ مِنْهُمْ مُتَكَلِّمٌ كُذِّبَ، وَقِيلَ لَهُ: أَنْتَ قَرِينُ الشَّيْطَانِ وَرَأْسُ الضَّلَالَةِ، تُحَرِّمُ زِينَةَ اللهِ تَعَالَى، وَالطَّيِّبَاتِ مِنَ الرِّزْقِ، يَتْلُونَ كِتَابَ اللهِ تَعَالَى عَلَى غَيْرِ دِينٍ، اسْتَذَلُّوا أَوْلِيَاءَ اللهِ، وَاعْلَمْ يَا أُسَامَةُ أَنَّ أَقْرَبَ النَّاسِ مِنَ اللهِ تَعَالَى يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ لَمَنْ طَالَ حُزْنُهُ، وَعَطَشُهُ، وَجُوعُهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا، الْأَصْفِيَاءُ الْأَبْرَارُ الَّذِينَ إِذَا شَهِدُوا لَمْ يُقَرَّبُوا، وَإِذَا غَابُوا لَمْ يُفْتَقَدُوا، تَعْرِفُهُمْ بِقَاعُ الْأَرْضِ، يُعْرَفُونَ فِي أَهْلِ السَّمَاءِ، وَيَخْفَوْنَ عَلَى أَهْلِ الْأَرْضِ، وَتَحُفُّ بِهِمُ الْمَلَائِكَةُ، يَنْعَمُ النَّاسُ، وَيَنْعَمُوا هُمْ بِالْجُوعِ وَالْعَطَشِ، لَبِسَ النَّاسُ لَيِّنَ الثِّيَابِ وَلَبِسُوا هُمْ أَخْشَنَ الثِّيَابِ، افْتَرَشَ النَّاسُ الْفُرُشَ، وَافْتَرَشُوا هُمُ الْجِبَاهَ وَالرُّكَبَ، ضَحِكَ النَّاسُ وَبَكَوْا، يَا أُسَامَةُ لَا يَجْمَعُ اللهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الشِّدَّةَ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَالْآخِرَةِ لَهُمُ الْجَنَّةُ، يَا لَيْتَنِي قَدْ رَأَيْتُهُمْ يَا أُسَامَةُ ؟ لَهُمُ الْبُشْرَى فِي الْآخِرَةِ، وَالْأَرْضُ بِهِمْ رَحِيمَةٌ، وَالْجَبَّارُ عَنْهُمْ رَاضٍ، ضَيَّعَ النَّاسُ فِعْلَ النَّبِيِّينَ وَأَخْلَاقَهُمْ وَحَفِظُوا هُمُ، الرَّاغِبُ مَنْ رَغِبَ إِلَى اللهِ تَعَالَى فِي مِثْلِ رَغْبَتِهِمْ، وَالْخَاسِرُ مَنْ خَالَفَهُمْ، تَبْكِي الْأَرْضُ إِذَا فَقَدَتْهُمْ، وَيَسْخَطُ اللهُ تَعَالَى عَلَى كُلِّ بَلْدَةٍ لَيْسَ فِيهَا مِثْلُهُمْ، يَا أُسَامَةُ وَإِذَا رَأَيْتَهُمْ فِي قَرْيَةٍ فَاعْلَمْ أَنَّهُمْ أَمَانٌ لِتِلْكَ الْقَرْيَةِ، لَا يُعَذِّبُ اللهُ تَعَالَى قَوْمًا هُمْ فِيهِمُ، اتَّخِذْهُمْ لِنَفْسِكَ عَسَى أَنْ تَنْجُوَ بِهِمْ، وَإِيَّاكَ أَنْ تَدَعَ مَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ فَتَزِلَّ قَدَمُكَ، فَتَهْوِيَ فِي النَّارِ، حُرِمُوا حَلَالَ مَا أَحَلَّ اللهُ لَهُمْ، طَلَبُوا الْفَضْلَ مِنَ الْآخِرَةِ، وَتَرَكُوا الطَّعَامَ وَالشَّرَابَ عَنْ قُدْرَةٍ، لَمْ يَتَكَلَّبُوا عَلَى الدُّنْيَا تَكَلُّبَ الْكِلَابِ عَلَى الْجِيَفِ، شُغِلَ النَّاسُ بِالدُّنْيَا وَشَغَلُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ بِطَاعَةِ اللهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى، لَبِسُوا الْخِرَقَ وَأَكَلُوا الْفِلَقَ، تَرَاهُمْ شُعْثًا غُبْرًا، يَظُنُّ النَّاسُ أَنَّ بِهِمْ دَاءً وَمَا ذَاكَ بِهِمْ، وَيَظُنُّ النَّاسُ أَنَّ عُقُولَهُمْ ذَهَبَتْ، وَمَا ذَهَبَتْ، وَلَكِنْ نَظَرُوا بِقُلُوبِهِمْ إِلَى مَنْ ذَهَبَ بِعُقُولِهِمْ عَنِ الدُّنْيَا فَهُمْ فِي الدُّنْيَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ الدُّنْيَا يَمْشُونَ بِلَا عُقُولٍ. يَا أُسَامَةُ عَقَلُوا حِينَ ذَهَبَتْ عُقُولُ النَّاسِ ; لَهُمُ الْبُشْرَى فِي الْآخِرَةِ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Bishr b. Abū Bishr
  2. al-Walīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman
  3. Ḥayyān b. al-Baṣrī
  4. Isḥāq b. Nūḥ
  5. Muḥammad b. ʿAlī
  6. Saʿīd b. Zayd

✧ I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, when he turned to Usamah b. Zayd ؓ, say: 'O Usamah, beware of every hungry liver that will dispute with you before Allah Most High on the Day of Resurrection. Beware the supplication of servants who have melted their flesh and burned their skin in the winds and hot sand, and who have parched their livers until their eyesight failed. If you wish, look at them, and the angels rejoice over them. Through them earthquakes and trials are averted.' Then he wept until his sobbing grew intense, then said: 'Woe to this nation! What will it meet from those among them who obey their Lord? How will they kill them and call them liars because they obeyed Allah, Blessed and Exalted?' Umar b. al-Khattab ؓ said: 'O Messenger of Allah, will the people then be upon Islam?' He ﷺ said: 'Yes.' He said: 'Then for what will they fight?' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'O Umar, the people abandoned the path and rode mounts, wore the softest clothes, and the sons of Persia served them, adorning themselves as a woman adorns herself for her husband. When the friends of Allah Most High speak, upon them are cloaks, their backs bent, they have slain themselves with thirst. When one of them speaks, he is called a liar, and it is said to him: "You are the companion of Satan and the head of misguidance; you forbid the adornment of Allah Most High and the good things of provision." They recite the Book of Allah Most High without religion, and they despise the friends of Allah. Know, O Usamah, that the closest of people to Allah Most High on the Day of Resurrection is the one whose grief, thirst, and hunger in this world were prolonged—the pure, the righteous, who, when they are present, are not brought near, and when they are absent, are not missed. The regions of the earth know them; they are known among the inhabitants of heaven and hidden from the inhabitants of earth. The angels surround them. People enjoy ease while they enjoy hunger and thirst. People wear soft clothes while they wear the roughest clothes. People spread out beds while they spread out their foreheads and knees. People laugh while they weep. O Usamah, Allah, Mighty and Majestic, will not combine for them hardship in this world and the Hereafter; theirs is Paradise. If only I had seen them, O Usamah! For them is glad tidings in the Hereafter, and the earth is merciful through them, and the Compeller is pleased with them. People neglected the deeds and character of the prophets, while they preserved them. The desirous one is he who desires Allah Most High with a desire like theirs, and the loser is he who opposes them. The earth weeps when it loses them, and Allah Most High is wrathful with every land that has none like them. O Usamah, when you see them in a village, know that they are a safeguard for that village; Allah Most High does not punish a people among whom they are. Take them for yourself, that you may be saved through them. Beware of abandoning what they are upon, lest your foot slip and you fall into the Fire. They were deprived of the lawful things Allah permitted them; they sought the bounty of the Hereafter and abandoned food and drink despite ability. They did not scramble after the world as dogs scramble after carcasses. People were occupied with the world while they occupied themselves with obedience to Allah, Blessed and Exalted. They wore patched garments and ate broken pieces. You see them disheveled and dusty; people think there is a disease in them, but that is not the case. People think their minds have gone, but they have not gone; rather, they looked with their hearts upon the One who took their minds away from the world, so in this world, among the people of the world, they walk without minds. O Usamah, they became rational when people's minds departed; for them is glad tidings in the Hereafter.'

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