Dalil
العربية

al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 3773

✧ The way of life of the predecessors

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قَالَ أَبُو يَعْلَى: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو هِشَامٍ الرِّفَاعِيُّ، ثَنَا الْمُحَارِبِيُّ، ثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ؓ قَالَ: حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؓ قَالَ: فَاتَنِي الْعَشَاءُ ذَاتَ لَيْلَةٍ فَأَتَيْتُ أَهْلِي، فَقُلْتُ: هَلْ عِنْدَكُمْ عَشَاءٌ ؟ قَالُوا: لَا، وَاللهِ مَا عِنْدَنَا عَشَاءٌ، فَاضْطَجَعْتُ عَلَى فِرَاشِي فَلَمْ يَأْتِنِي النَّوْمُ مِنَ الْجُوعِ، فَقُلْتُ: لَوْ خَرَجْتُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ فَصَلَّيْتُ، وَتَعَلَّلْتُ حَتَّى أُصْبِحَ، فَخَرَجْتُ إِلَى الْمَسْجِدِ، فَصَلَّيْتُ مَا شَاءَ اللهُ، ثُمَّ تَسَانَدْتُ إِلَى نَاحِيَةِ الْمَسْجِدِ كَذَلِكَ، إِذْ طَلَعَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ ؓ، فَقَالَ: مَنْ هَذَا ؟ قُلْتُ: أَبُو بَكْرٍ، قَالَ: مَا أَخْرَجَكَ هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ ؟ فَقَصَصْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْقِصَّةَ، فَقَالَ: وَاللهِ مَا أَخْرَجَنِي إِلَّا الَّذِي أَخْرَجَكَ، فَجَلَسَ إِلَى جَنْبِي، فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ كَذَلِكَ إِذْ خَرَجَ إِلَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ، فَأَنْكَرَنَا، فَقَالَ:

« مَنْ هَذَا ؟ » فَبَادَرَنِي عُمَرُ ؓ فَقَالَ: هَذَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ، فَقَالَ ﷺ: « مَا أَخْرَجَكُمَا هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ ؟ » فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: خَرَجْتُ فَدَخَلْتُ الْمَسْجِدَ فَرَأَيْتُ سَوَادَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ فَقُلْتُ: مَنْ هَذَا ؟ فَقَالَ: أَبُو بَكْرٍ، فَقُلْتُ: مَا أَخْرَجَكَ هَذِهِ السَّاعَةَ ؟ فَذَكَرَ الَّذِي كَانَ، فَقُلْتُ: وَأَنَا وَاللهِ مَا أَخْرَجَنِي إِلَّا الَّذِي أَخْرَجَكَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: « وَأَنَا وَاللهِ مَا أَخْرَجَنِي إِلَّا الَّذِي أَخْرَجَكُمَا، فَانْطَلِقُوا بِنَا إِلَى الْوَاقِفِيِّ أَبِي الْهَيْثَمِ بْنِ التَّيِّهَانِ فَلَعَلَّنَا نَجِدُ عِنْدَهُ شَيْئًا يُطْعِمُنَا » فَخَرَجْنَا نَمْشِي، فَانْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى الْحَائِطِ فِي الْقَمَرِ، فَقَرَعْنَا الْبَابَ، فَقَالَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ: مَنْ هَذَا ؟ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ ؓ: هَذَا رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ، فَفَتَحَتْ لَنَا فَدَخَلْنَا، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: « أَيْنَ زَوْجُكِ ؟ » قَالَتْ: ذَهَبَ يَسْتَعْذِبُ لَنَا مِنَ الْمَاءِ مِنْ حَشِّ بَنِي حَارِثَةَ، الْآنَ يَأْتِيكُمْ، قَالَ: فَجَاءَ يَحْمِلُ قِرْبَةً حَتَّى أَتَى بِهَا نَخْلَةً، وَعَلَّقَهَا عَلَى كُرْنَافَةٍ مِنْ كَرَانِيفِهَا، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَيْنَا، فَقَالَ: مَرْحَبًا وَأَهْلًا، مَا زَارَ نَاسًا أَحَدٌ قَطُّ مِثْلُ مَنْ زَارَنِي، ثُمَّ قَطَعَ لَنَا عِذْقًا فَأَتَانَا بِهِ، فَجَعَلْنَا نُنَقِّي مِنْهُ فِي الْقَمَرِ، وَنَأْكُلُ ثُمَّ أَخَذَ الشَّفْرَةَ فَجَالَ فِي الْغَنَمِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: « إِيَّاكَ وَالْحَلُوبَ » أَوْ قَالَ: « إِيَّاكَ وَذَاتَ الدَّرِّ ». فَأَخَذَ ؓ شَاةً فَذَبَحَهَا وَسَلَخَهَا، وَقَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ: قُومِي، فَطَحَنَتْ وَخَبَزَتْ وَجَعَلَتْ تَقْطَعُ فِي الْقِدْرِ مِنَ اللَّحْمِ، وَتُوقِدُ تَحْتَهَا حَتَّى فَرَغَ الْخُبْزُ وَاللَّحْمُ، فَثَرَدَ، وَغَرَفَ عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْمَرَقِ وَاللَّحْمِ، ثُمَّ أَتَانَا بِهِ فَوَضَعَهُ بَيْنَ أَيْدِينَا فَأَكَلْنَا حَتَّى شَبِعْنَا، ثُمَّ قَامَ إِلَى الْقِرْبَةِ وَقَدْ صَفَقَتْهَا الرِّيحُ، فَبَرَدَ، فَصَبَّ فِي الْإِنَاءِ، ثُمَّ نَاوَلَ رَسُولَ اللهِ ﷺ فَشَرِبَ، ثُمَّ نَاوَلَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ ؓ فَشَرِبَ، ثُمَّ نَاوَلَ عُمَرَ ؓ فَشَرِبَ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ ﷺ: « الْحَمْدُ لِلهِ، الَّذِي خَرَّجَنَا لَمْ يُخْرِجْنَا إِلَّا الْجُوعُ، ثُمَّ رَجَعْنَا وَقَدْ أَصَبْنَا هَذَا، لَتُسْأَلُنَّ عَنْ هَذَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، هَذَا مِنَ النَّعِيمِ » ثُمَّ قَالَ ﷺ لِلْوَاقِفِيِّ: « مَا لَكَ خَادِمٌ يَسْقِيكَ الْمَاءَ ؟ » قَالَ: لَا وَاللهِ يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ، قَالَ ﷺ: « فَإِذَا أَتَانَا سَبْيٌ فَأْتِنَا حَتَّى نَأْمُرَ لَكَ بِخَادِمٍ ». فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ إِلَّا يَسِيرًا حَتَّى أَتَاهُ سَبْيٌ، فَأَتَاهُ الْوَاقِفِيُّ فَقَالَ: « مَا جَاءَ بِكَ ؟ » قَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللهِ وَعْدُكَ الَّذِي وَعَدْتَنِي، قَالَ: « هَذَا سَبْيٌ فَقُمْ فَاخْتَرْ مِنْهُ ». فَقَالَ: كُنْ أَنْتَ تَخْتَارُ لِي، فَقَالَ ﷺ: « خُذْ هَذَا الْغُلَامَ وَأَحْسِنْ إِلَيْهِ ». قَالَ: فَأَخَذَهُ فَانْطَلَقَ بِهِ إِلَى امْرَأَتِهِ، فَقَالَتْ: مَا هَذَا ؟ فَقَصَّ عَلَيْهَا الْقِصَّةَ قَالَتْ: فَأَيُّ شَيْءٍ قُلْتَ لَهُ ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لَهُ: كُنْ أَنْتَ الَّذِي تَخْتَارُ لِي، قَالَتْ: قَدْ أَحْسَنْتَ، قَالَ لَكَ: أَحْسِنْ إِلَيْهِ، فَأَحْسِنْ إِلَيْهِ، قَالَ: مَا الْإِحْسَانُ إِلَيْهِ ؟ قَالَتْ: أَنْ تُعْتِقَهُ، قَالَ: فَهُوَ حُرٌّ لِوَجْهِ اللهِ تَعَالَى.

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Abū Yaʿlá
  2. Abū Hishām al-Rifāʿī
  3. al-Muḥāribī
  4. Yaḥyá b. ʿUbaydullāh
  5. his father
  6. Abū Hurayrah
  7. Abū Bakr
  8. Fātanī al-ʿAshāʾ Dhāt Laylah Faʾatayt Ahlī
  9. Hal ʿIndakum ʿAshāʾ
  10. Ūā Lā And -al-Lh Mā ʿIndanā ʿAshāʾ Fāḍṭajaʿt
  11. Firāshī Falam Yaʾtinī al-Nawm Min al-Jūʿ
  12. Law Kharajt
  13. al-Masjid Faṣallayt Wataʿallalt Ḥattá Uṣbiḥ Fakharajt
  14. al-Masjid Faṣallayt Mā Shāʾ Allāh Thum Tasānadt
  15. Nāḥiyah al-Masjid Kadhalik Idh Ṭalaʿ ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
  16. Man Hadhā
  17. Abū Bakr
  18. Mā Akhrajak Hadhih al-Sāʿah Faqaṣaṣt ʿAlayh al-Qiṣṣah
  19. Wa-al-Lh Mā Akhrajanī Illā al--Adhī Akhrajak Fajalas
  20. Janbī Fabaynā Naḥn Kadhalik Idh Kharaj Ilaynā Rasūl Allāh ﷺ Faʾankaranā

✧ «Who is this?» ʿUmar ؓ hastened to reply: “This is Abu Bakr and ʿUmar.” He ﷺ said: «What brought you two out at this hour?» ʿUmar ؓ said: “I went out and entered the mosque, and I saw the figure of Abu Bakr ؓ and said: ‘Who is this?’ He said: ‘Abu Bakr.’ I said: ‘What brought you out at this hour?’ He mentioned what had happened. I said: ‘By Allah, nothing brought me out except what brought you out.’” Then the Prophet ﷺ said: «And by Allah, nothing brought me out except what brought you two out. Come with us to the Waqifi Abu al-Haytham b. al-Tayyihan; perhaps we will find something with him to feed us.» So we went out walking until we reached the garden in the moonlight. We knocked on the door, and the woman said: “Who is this?” ʿUmar ؓ said: “This is the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, Abu Bakr, and ʿUmar.” She opened the door for us, and we entered. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «Where is your husband?» She said: “He went to fetch us fresh water from the palm-grove of Banu Harithah; he will come to you now.” He said: He came carrying a water-skin until he brought it to a palm tree and hung it on one of its stumps. Then he turned to us and said: “Welcome and greetings! No one has ever been visited by people like those who have visited me.” Then he cut a bunch of dates for us, brought it to us, and we began to pick from it in the moonlight and eat. Then he took a knife and went among the sheep. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «Beware of the milking ewe,» or he said: «Beware of the one with milk.» He ؓ took a sheep, slaughtered it, and skinned it. He said to his wife: “Get up,” so she ground flour, baked bread, and began cutting meat into the pot and lighting fire under it until the bread and meat were ready. He crumbled bread and poured over it from the broth and meat. Then he brought it to us and placed it before us, and we ate until we were full. Then he went to the water-skin, which the wind had cooled, so it was cold. He poured into a vessel and handed it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, who drank. Then he handed it to Abu Bakr ؓ, who drank. Then he handed it to ʿUmar ؓ, who drank. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: «Praise be to Allah, who brought us out—nothing brought us out but hunger—and then we returned having obtained this. You will surely be asked about this on the Day of Resurrection; this is part of the bliss.» Then he ﷺ said to the Waqifi: «Do you not have a servant to fetch you water?» He said: “No, by Allah, O Messenger of Allah.” He ﷺ said: «When captives come to us, come to us, and we will order a servant for you.» Not long after, captives came to him, and the Waqifi went to him. He said: «What brings you?» He said: “O Messenger of Allah, your promise that you made to me.” He said: «These are captives; get up and choose from them.» He said: “You choose for me.” He ﷺ said: «Take this boy and treat him well.» He said: He took him and went with him to his wife. She said: “What is this?” He told her the story. She said: “What did you say to him?” He said: “I said to him: ‘You choose for me.’” She said: “You did well. He told you: ‘Treat him well,’ so treat him well.” He said: “What is treating him well?” She said: “That you set him free.” He said: “Then he is free for the sake of Allah, exalted.”

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