al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 1054
✧ Expelling the Wailing Women from the Houses and Rebuking Wailing
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وَقَالَ الْحَارِثُ: حَدَّثَنَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي اللَّيْثِ، حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجٌ الْأَعْوَرُ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ الْهُذَلِيِّ، قَالَ:
قُلْتُ لِلْحَسَنِ: كُنَّ نِسَاءُ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ يَصْنَعْنَ مَا يُصْنَعُ الْيَوْمَ ؟ قَالَ: لَا، هَا هُنَا خَمْشُ وُجُوهٍ، وَشَقُّ جُيُوبٍ، وَنَتْفُ أَشْعَارٍ، وَمَزَامِيرُ شَيْطَانٍ، صَوْتَانِ قَبِيحَانِ فَاحِشَانِ: عِنْدَ هَذِهِ النِّعْمَةِ، ذَكَرَ اللهُ تَعَالَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ فَقَالَ: فِي أَمْوَالِهِمْ حَقٌّ مَعْلُومٌ لِلسَّائِلِ وَالْمَحْرُومِ، وَجَعَلْتُمْ فِي أَمْوَالِكُمْ حَقًّا مَعْلُومًا لِلْمُغَنِّيَةِ عِنْدَ هَذِهِ النِّعْمَةِ، وَالنَّائِحَةِ عِنْدَ الْمُصِيبَةِ، يَمُوتُ الْمَيِّتُ عَلَيْهِ الدَّيْنُ وَعِنْدَهُ الْأَمَانَةُ، وَيُوصِي الْوَصِيَّةَ، فَتَأْتِي الشَّيْطَانُ أَهْلَهُ فَيَقُولُ: وَاللهِ لَا تُنْفِذُونَ لَهُ تَرِكَةً، وَلَا تَرُدُّونَ لَهُ أَمَانَةً، وَلَا تَقْضُونَ دَيْنَهُ، وَلَا تُمْضُونَ وَصِيَّتَهُ، حَتَّى تَبْدَأُوا بِحَقِّي، فَيَشْتَرُونَ ثِيَابًا جُدُدًا، ثُمَّ تُشَقُّ عَمَلًا، وَيَجِيئُونَ بِهَا بِيضًا، ثُمَّ تُصْبَغُ، ثُمَّ يُحَلَّقُ لَهَا سُرَادِقُ فِي دَارِهِ، فَيَأْتُونَ بِأَمَةٍ مُسْتَأْجَرَةٍ تَبْكِي بِعَيْنٍ شَجْوَهَا، وَتَبْتَغِي عَبْرَتَهَا بِدَرَاهِمِهِمْ، وَمَنْ دَعَاهَا بَكَتْ لَهُ بِأَجْرٍ مُعَيَّنٍ، تُغَنِّي أَحْيَاءَهُمْ فِي دُورِهِمْ، وَتُؤْذِي أَمْوَاتَهُمْ فِي قُبُورِهِمْ، تَمْنَعُهُمْ أَجْرَهُمْ بِمَا يُعْطُونَهَا مِنْ أَجْرِهَا، وَمَا عَسَى أَنْ تَقُولَ النَّائِحَةُ ؟ تَقُولُ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، إِنِّي آمُرُكُمْ بِمَا نَهَاكُمُ اللهُ عَنْهُ، أَلَا إِنَّ اللهَ تَعَالَى أَمَرَكُمْ بِالصَّبْرِ، وَأَنَا أَنْهَاكُمْ أَنْ تَصْبِرُوا، وَإِنَّ اللهَ - عَزَّ وَجَلَّ - نَهَاكُمْ عَنِ الْجَزَعِ، وَأَنَا آمُرُكُمْ أَنْ تَجْزَعُوا، فَيُقَالُ: اعْرِفُوا لَهَا حَقَّهَا، فَيُبَرَّدُ لَهَا الشَّرَابُ، وَتُكْسَى الثِّيَابَ، وَتُحْمَلُ عَلَى الدَّوَابِّ، فَإِنَّا لِلهِ وَإِنَّا إِلَيْهِ رَاجِعُونَ، مَا كُنْتُ أَحْسَبُنِي أَنْ أَكُونَ فِي أُمَّةٍ هَذَا فِيهِمْ
Translation
Chain of narrators
- al-Ḥārith
- Ibrāhīm b. Abū al-Layth
- Ḥajjāj al-Aʿwar
- Abū Bakr al-Hudhalī
✧ I asked al-Hasan: 'Did the women of the Muhajirun do what is done today?' He said: 'No. Here: scratching faces, tearing garments, plucking hair, and the flutes of Satan—two ugly, obscene sounds: one at this blessing. Allah, the Exalted, mentioned the believers, saying: "In their wealth is a known right for the beggar and the deprived." But you have made in your wealth a known right for the songstress at this blessing and for the wailing woman at a calamity. A man dies with debts and trusts, and leaves a will. Satan comes to his family and says: "By Allah, you will not carry out his estate, return his trust, pay his debt, or execute his will until you give me my right first." So they buy new clothes, then tear them deliberately; they bring white cloth and dye it; then a pavilion is set up in his house; they bring a hired slave-girl who weeps with a sorrowful eye and seeks her tears for their dirhams. Whoever calls her, she weeps for him for a fixed fee. She entertains their living in their homes and harms their dead in their graves, depriving them of their reward by what they pay her. What can the wailing woman say? She says: "O people, I command you to what Allah forbade you. Allah, the Exalted, commanded you to be patient, and I forbid you to be patient. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, forbade you from despair, and I command you to despair." So it is said: "Acknowledge her right." Then cool drink is prepared for her, she is clothed, and she is mounted on animals. Indeed, to Allah we belong and to Him we return. I never thought I would be in a community where such things happen.'
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Other narrations of this report
Jami' at-Tirmidhi 1005Musannaf 'Abd al-Razzaq 20671Musnad al-Bazzar 1020al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 6915al-Matalib al-'Aliyah 1045
Narrators
- Trustworthy (thiqah), a jurist (faqīh), virtuous and well known; he would often narrate with omission of the Companion (irsāl) and practiced concealment (tadlīs)d. 110 AHالْحَسَنُ الْبَصْرِيُّثقة فقيه ، فاضل مشهور ، وكان يرسل كثيرا ويدلسقلت
- a historian (akhbārī), abandoned in hadith (matrūk al-ḥadīth)d. 167 AHأَبِي بَكْرٍ الْهُذَلِيِّأخباري ، متروك الحديثعن
- Trustworthy (thiqah), reliable (thabt), but his memory became confused (ikhtalaṭa) at the end of his life, when he came to Baghdad before his death.d. 205 AH, or 206 AHحَجَّاجٌ الْأَعْوَرُثقة ثبت لكنه اختلط في آخر عمره لما قدم بغداد قبل موتهحدثنا
- d. 234 AH or 236 AHإِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ أَبِي اللَّيْثِحدثنا
- d. 279 AH or 282 AHالْحَارِثُ
Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com
Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.