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Muwatta' Malik 1624

The Prohibition against Talking about the Decree

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وَحَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى عَنْ مَالِكٍ عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَ عَنْ عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِ أَنَّهُ أَخْبَرَهُ عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ أَنَّ عُمَرَ بْنَ الْخَطَّابِ

سُئِلَ عَنْ هَذِهِ الآيَةِ وَإِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ وَأَشْهَدَهُمْ عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ أَلَسْتُ بِرَبِّكُمْ قَالُوا بَلَى شَهِدْنَا أَنْ تَقُولُوا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ إِنَّا كُنَّا عَنْ هَذَا غَافِلِينَ فَقَالَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يُسْأَلُ عَنْهَا فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى خَلَقَ آدَمَ ثُمَّ مَسَحَ ظَهْرَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ ذُرِّيَّةً فَقَالَ خَلَقْتُ هَؤُلاَءِ لِلْجَنَّةِ وَبِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ يَعْمَلُونَ ثُمَّ مَسَحَ ظَهْرَهُ فَاسْتَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ ذُرِّيَّةً فَقَالَ خَلَقْتُ هَؤُلاَءِ لِلنَّارِ وَبِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ يَعْمَلُونَ فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَفِيمَ الْعَمَلُ قَالَ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِنَّ اللَّهَ إِذَا خَلَقَ الْعَبْدَ لِلْجَنَّةِ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ عَلَى عَمَلٍ مِنْ أَعْمَالِ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ فَيُدْخِلَهُ بِهِ الْجَنَّةَ وَإِذَا خَلَقَ الْعَبْدَ لِلنَّارِ اسْتَعْمَلَهُ بِعَمَلِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ حَتَّى يَمُوتَ عَلَى عَمَلٍ مِنْ أَعْمَالِ أَهْلِ النَّارِ فَيُدْخِلَهُ بِهِ النَّارَ

Translation

Chain of narrators
  1. Yaḥyá
  2. Mālik
  3. Zayd b. Abū Unaysah
  4. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman b. Zayd b. al-Khaṭṭāb
  5. Muslim b. Yasār al-Juhanī
  6. ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb

Yahya related to me from Malik from Zayd ibn Abi Unaysa that Abd al-Hamid ibn Abd ar-Rahman ibn Zayd ibn al-Khattab informed him from Muslim ibn Yasar al-Juhani that Umar ibn al-Khattab was asked about this ayat - "When your Lord took their progeny from the Banu Adam from their backs and made them testify against themselves. 'Am I not your Lord?' They said, 'Yes, we bear witness' Lest you should say on the Day of Rising, 'We were heedless of that.'" (Sura 7 ayat 172) Umar ibn al-Khattab said, "I heard the Messenger of Allah ﷺ being asked about it. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said, 'Allah, the Blessed, the Exalted, created Adam. Then He stroked his back with His right hand, and progeny issued from it. He said, "I created these for the Garden and they will act with the behaviour of the people of the Garden." Then He stroked his back again and brought forth progeny from him. He said, "I created these for the Fire and they will act with the behaviour of the people of the Fire." 'A man said, 'Messenger of Allah! Then of what value are deeds?' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ answered, 'When Allah creates a slave for the Garden, he makes him use the behaviour of the people of the Garden, so that he dies on one of the actions of the people of the Garden and by it He brings him into the Garden. When He creates a slave for the Fire, He makes him use the behaviour of the people of the Fire, so that he dies on one of the actions of the people of the Fire, and by it, He brings him into the Fire.' "

Grades by grader

Mālik b. AnasSoundhadithunlocked
Abū ʿAbdullāh al-ḤākimSoundin موطأ مالك, p. 1574hadithunlocked
Salim al-HilaliDaiffawazahmed0
al-TirmidhiGoodin موطأ مالك, p. 1574hadithunlocked

What scholars said about it

In their own words, as Hadith Unlocked records them. They are shown, not summarised into a grade.

  • Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr

    منقطع

    machine translationDisconnected (munqaṭiʿ)

    in موطأ مالك, p. 1574
  • Dāraquṭnī

    يرويه زيد بن أبي أنيسة عن عبد الحميد بن عبد الرحمن بن زيد بن الخطاب عن مسلم بن يسار عن نعيم بن ربيعة عن عمر حدث عنه كذلك يزيد بن سنان أبو فروة الرهاوي وجود إسناده ووصله وخالفه مالك بن أنس فرواه عن زيد بن أبي أنيسة ولم يذكر في الإسناد نعيم بن ربيعة وأرسله عن مسلم بن يسار عن عمر وحديث يزيد بن سنان متصل وهو أولى بالصواب والله أعلم وقد تابعه عمر بن جعثم فرواه عن زيد بن أبي أنيسة كذلك قاله بقية بن الوليد عنه

    machine translationZayd b. Abī Unaysah narrates it from ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥmān b. Zayd b. al-Khaṭṭāb, from Muslim b. Yasār, from Nuʿaym b. Rabīʿah, from ʿUmar. Yazīd b. Sinān Abū Farwah al-Ruhāwī likewise related it from him, and he made its chain good and connected it. Mālik b. Anas differed from him and narrated it from Zayd b. Abī Unaysah without mentioning Nuʿaym b. Rabīʿah in the chain, and he transmitted it in mursal form from Muslim b. Yasār, from ʿUmar. The hadith of Yazīd b. Sinān is connected and is closer to correct, and God knows best. ʿUmar b. Jaʿtham followed him and narrated it from Zayd b. Abī Unaysah in the same way. Baqiyyah b. al-Walīd said this from him.

    in موطأ مالك, p. 1574
  • Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr

    حديث منقطع لأن مسلم بن يسار لم يلق عمر وبينهما نعيم بن ربيعة

    in موطأ مالك, p. 1574
  • Sufyān b. ʿUyaynah

    بلاغ مالك صحيح كما قال ابن عيينة

    in موطأ مالك, p. 1574
Show 6 more
  • Ibn Kathīr

    الظاهر أن الإمام مالكا إنما أسقط ذكر نعيم بن ربيعة عمدا لما جهل حال نعيم ولم يعرفه فإنه غير معروف إلا في هذا الحديث ولذلك يسقط ذكر جماعة ممن لا يرتضيهم ولهذا يرسل كثيرا من المرفوعات ويقطع كثيرا من الموصولات

    machine translationIt appears that Imam Mālik deliberately omitted the mention of Nuʿaym b. Rabīʿah because he did not know Nuʿaym's condition and did not know him, for he is not known except in this hadith. For this reason he would omit a group of those with whom he was not satisfied, and therefore he often transmitted raised reports in mursal form and cut many connected chains.

    in موطأ مالك, p. 1574
  • Dāraquṭnī

    وقد تابع عمر بن جعثم يزيد بن سنان أبو فروة الرهاوي وقولهما أولى بالصواب من قول مالك

    machine translationʿUmar b. Jaʿtham was followed by Yazīd b. Sinān Abū Farwah al-Ruhāwī, and their statement is closer to correct than the statement of Mālik.

    in موطأ مالك, p. 1574
  • Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr

    وجملة القول في هذا الحديث أنه حديث ليس إسناده بالقائم لأن مسلم بن يسار ونعيم بن ربيعة جميعا غير معروفين بحمل العلم

    machine translationThe sum of the matter regarding this hadith is that its chain is not sound, because Muslim b. Yasār and Nuʿaym b. Rabīʿah are both not known for carrying knowledge.

    in موطأ مالك, p. 1574
  • Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr

    منقطع بهذا الإسناد ومسلم بن يسار هذا مجهول

    in موطأ مالك, p. 1574
  • Yaḥyá b. Maʿīn

    مسلم بن يسار لا يعرف

    in موطأ مالك, p. 1574
  • Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr

    ليس إسناده بالقائم

    in موطأ مالك, p. 1574

Other narrations of this report

Sahih Ibn Hibban 6166al-Sunan al-Kubra (al-Nasa'i) 11154al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 1682al-Mustadrak (al-Hakim) 3256

Narrators

  1. ʿUmar b. al-Khaṭṭāb
    Commander of the Faithful (amīr al-muʾminīn), well-known, of abundant virtues (jamm al-manāqib)d. 23 AH, also said: 24 AH
    عُمَر بْن الْخَطَّابأمير المؤمنين مشهور جم المناقب
    أن
  2. Muslim b. Yasār al-Juhanī
    acceptable (maqbūl)
    مُسْلِمِ بْنِ يَسَارٍ الْجُهَنِيِّ؛مقبول
    أخبره
  3. ʿAbd al-Ḥamīd b. ʿAbd al-Raḥman al-Jazarī
    trustworthy (thiqah)d. 110-odd AH
    عَبْدِ الْحَمِيدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ زَيْدِ بْنِ الْخَطَّابِثقة
    عن
  4. Zayd b. Abī Unaysah
    Trustworthy (thiqah), with some unique narrations (afrād)d. 119 AH or 124 AH or 125 AH or 126 AH
    زَيْدِ بْنِ أَبِي أُنَيْسَةَثقة له أفراد
    عن
  5. Mālik b. Anas
    The jurist (al-faqīh), the Imam of the Abode of Migration (Imām Dār al-Hijrah), the head of the proficient masters, and the foremost among the meticulous.d. 178 AH, or 179 AH
    مَالِكٌالفقيه ، إمام دار الهجرة ، رأس المتقنين ، وكبير المتثبتين

Who each narrator was and how reliable, from hdith.com

Latin names and English verdicts with a dotted underline are machine translations, not reviewed.

Commentaries

Mirqāt al-Mafātīḥ (al-Mullā ʿAlī Qārī)
Mirʿāt al-Mafātīḥ (al-Mubārakfūrī)
Lamaʿāt al-Tanqīḥ (ʿAbd al-Ḥaqq al-Dihlawī)
al-Tamhīd (Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr)
al-Tamhīd (Ibn ʿAbd al-Barr)
al-Istidhkār
al-Istidhkār
Sharḥ al-Zarqāni (ʿAbd al-Bāqī)
Sharḥ al-Zarqāni (ʿAbd al-Bāqī)

Read them on Hadith Unlocked

Also in

Mishkat al-Masabih 95c

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