Sirat Ibn Hisham 803
What was revealed concerning the admonition of the Muslims and teaching them the stratagems of war
[ مَا نَزَلَ فِي وَعْظِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ وَتَعْلِيمِهِمْ خُطَطَ الْحَرْبِ ] ثُمَّ وَعَظَهُمْ وَفَهَّمَهُمْ وَأَعْلَمَهُمْ الَّذِي يَنْبَغِي لَهُمْ أَنْ يَسِيرُوا بِهِ فِي حَرْبِهِمْ، فَقَالَ تَعَالَى: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا لَقِيتُمْ فِئَةً تُقَاتِلُونَهُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فَاثْبُتُوا وَاذْكُرُوا اللَّهَ كَثِيرًا الَّذِي لَهُ بَذَلْتُمْ أَنْفُسَكُمْ، وَالْوَفَاءَ لَهُ بِمَا أَعْطَيْتُمُوهُ مِنْ بَيْعَتِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ. وَأَطِيعُوا اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَلَا تَنَازَعُوا فَتَفْشَلُوا أَيْ لَا تَخْتَلِفُوا فَيَتَفَرَّقَ أَمْرُكُمْ وَتَذْهَبَ رِيحُكُمْ أَيْ وَتَذْهَبَ حِدَّتُكُمْ وَاصْبِرُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ أَيْ إنِّي مَعَكُمْ إذَا فَعَلْتُمْ ذَلِكَ وَلَا تَكُونُوا كَالَّذِينَ خَرَجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ بَطَرًا وَرِئَاءَ النَّاسِ أَيْ لَا تَكُونُوا كَأَبِي جَهْلٍ وَأَصْحَابِهِ، الَّذِينَ قَالُوا: لَا نَرْجِعُ حَتَّى نَأْتِيَ بَدْرًا فَنَنْحَرَ بِهَا الْجُزُرَ وَتُسْقَى بِهَا الْخَمْرَ، وَتَعْزِفُ عَلَيْنَا فِيهَا الْقِيَانُ، وَتَسْمَعُ الْعَرَبُ: أَيْ لَا يَكُونُ أَمْرُكُمْ رِيَاءً، وَلَا سُمْعَةً، وَلَا الْتِمَاسَ مَا عِنْدَ النَّاسِ وَأَخْلِصُوا لِلَّهِ النِّيَّةَ وَالْحِسْبَةَ فِي نَصْرِ دِينِكُمْ، وَمُوَازَرَةِ نَبِيِّكُمْ، لَا تَعْمَلُوا إلَّا لِذَلِكَ وَلَا تَطْلُبُوا غَيْرَهُ. ثُمَّ قَالَ تَعَالَى: وَإِذْ زَيَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ أَعْمَالَهُمْ وَقَالَ لَا غَالِبَ لَكُمُ الْيَوْمَ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَإِنِّي جَارٌ لَكُمْ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَقَدْ مَضَى تَفْسِيرُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَهْلَ الْكُفْرِ، وَمَا يَلْقَوْنَ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِمْ، وَوَصَفَهُمْ بِصِفَتِهِمْ، وَأَخْبَرَ نَبِيَّهُ ﷺ عَنْهُمْ، حَتَّى انْتَهَى إلَى أَنْ قَالَ فَإِمَّا تَثْقَفَنَّهُمْ فِي الْحَرْبِ فَشَرِّدْ بِهِمْ مَنْ خَلْفَهُمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ أَيْ فَنَكِّلْ بِهِمْ مِنْ وَرَائِهِمْ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَعْقِلُونَ وَأَعِدُّوا لَهُمْ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ مِنْ قُوَّةٍ وَمِنْ رِبَاطِ الْخَيْلِ تُرْهِبُونَ بِهِ عَدُوَّ اللَّهِ وَعَدُوَّكُمْ إلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَمَا تُنْفِقُوا مِنْ شَيْءٍ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ يُوَفَّ إِلَيْكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ لَا تُظْلَمُونَ أَيْ لَا يَضِيعُ لَكُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَجْرُهُ فِي الْآخِرَةِ، وَعَاجِلٌ خِلَفَهُ فِي الدُّنْيَا ثُمَّ قَالَ تَعَالَى: وَإِنْ جَنَحُوا لِلسَّلْمِ فَاجْنَحْ لَهَا أَيْ إنْ دَعَوْكَ إلَى السَّلْمِ عَلَى الْإِسْلَامِ فَصَالِحْهُمْ عَلَيْهِ وَتَوَكَّلْ عَلَى اللَّهِ إنَّ اللَّهَ كَافِيكَ إِنَّهُ هُوَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ
Translation
✧ [What was revealed concerning the exhortation of the Muslims and teaching them the plans of war] Then He exhorted them, made them understand, and informed them of what it behooved them to conduct themselves by in their war. He, exalted be He, said: “O you who believe, when you meet a company fighting in the way of God, mighty and majestic be He, then stand firm and remember God often, the One to whom you have given your souls and to whom you have pledged loyalty in what you gave of your oath of allegiance, that you may prosper. And obey God and His Messenger, and do not dispute lest you lose courage”—that is, do not differ so that your affair becomes divided and your wind departs—that is, your sharpness departs—“and be patient; God is with the patient”—that is, I am with you when you do that. “And do not be like those who went forth from their homes boastfully and to be seen by people”—that is, do not be like Abū Jahl and his companions, who said: “We will not return until we come to Badr and slaughter camels there, pour wine there, and singing-girls perform for us there, and the Arabs hear of it”—that is, let not your affair be for show or for reputation or for seeking what people have. Sincerely devote intention and reckoning to God in supporting your religion and aiding your Prophet; act only for that and seek nothing else. Then He, exalted be He, said: “And when Satan made their deeds fair to them and said, ‘No one among people can overcome you today, and I am a protector for you.’” Ibn Hishām said: The explanation of this verse has already passed. Ibn Isḥāq said: Then God, exalted be He, mentioned the people of unbelief and what they will meet at their death, described them by their attribute, and informed His Prophet ﷺ about them until He came to saying: “If you come upon them in war, then make of them a stern example to those behind them, that they may remember”—that is, make them a deterrent to those behind them, that they may understand—“And prepare against them whatever you are able of force and of tethered horses, by which you terrify the enemy of God and your enemy,” up to His saying, exalted be He: “Whatever you spend in the way of God will be repaid to you in full, and you will not be wronged”—that is, its reward will not be lost for you with God in the Hereafter, and its recompense will be hastened in this world. Then He, exalted be He, said: “And if they incline to peace, incline to it”—that is, if they call you to peace on the basis of Islam, then make peace with them upon it—“and rely upon God; God is sufficient for you. He is the Hearing, the Knowing.”
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