Sirat Ibn Hisham 658
The affair of al-Sayyid and al-ʿĀqib, and mention of the mutual imprecation
[ أَسْمَاءُ الْوَفْدِ وَمُعْتَقَدِهِمْ، وَمُنَاقَشَتِهِمْ الرَّسُولَ ﷺ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَكَانَتْ تَسْمِيَةُ الْأَرْبَعَةَ عَشَرَ، الَّذِينَ يَئُولُ إلَيْهِمْ أَمْرُهُمْ: الْعَاقِبُ، وَهُوَ عَبْدُ الْمَسِيحِ، وَالسَّيِّدُ وَهُوَ الْأَيْهَمُ، وَأَبُو حَارِثَةَ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَ أَخُو بَنِي بَكْرِ بْنِ وَائِلٍ، وَأَوْسٌ، وَالْحَارِثُ، وَزَيْدٌ، وَقَيْسٌ، وَيَزِيدُ، وَنَبِيُّهُ، وَخُوَيْلِدٌ، وَعَمْرو، وَخَالِدٌ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ، وَيُحَنَّسُ، فِي سِتِّينَ رَاكِبًا. فَكَلَّمَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْهُمْ أَبُو حَارِثَةَ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَ، وَالْعَاقِبُ عَبْدُ الْمَسِيحِ، وَالْأَيْهَمُ السَّيِّدُ - وَهُمْ مِنْ النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ عَلَى دِينِ الْمَلِكِ، مَعَ اخْتِلَافِ مَنْ أَمَرَهُمْ، يَقُولُونَ: هُوَ اللَّهُ، وَيَقُولُونَ: هُوَ وَلَدُ اللَّهِ، وَيَقُولُونَ: هُوَ ثَالِثُ ثَلَاثَةٍ. وَكَذَلِكَ قَوْلُ النَّصْرَانِيَّةِ. فَهُمْ يَحْتَجُّونَ فِي قَوْلِهِمْ: هُوَ اللَّهُ بِأَنَّهُ كَانَ يُحْيِي الْمَوْتَى، وَيُبْرِئُ الْأَسْقَامَ. وَيُخْبِرُ بِالْغُيُوبِ، وَيَخْلُقُ مِنْ الطِّينِ كَهَيْئَةِ الطَّيْرِ، ثُمَّ يَنْفُخُ فِيهِ فَيَكُونُ طَائِرًا، وَذَلِكَ كُلُّهُ بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى: وَلِنَجْعَلَهُ آيَةً لِلنَّاسِ وَيَحْتَجُّونَ فِي قَوْلِهِمْ: إنَّهُ وَلَدُ ( اللَّهِ ) بِأَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ: لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُ أَبٌ يُعْلَمُ، وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمَ فِي الْمَهْدِ، وَهَذَا لَمْ يَصْنَعْهُ أَحَدٌ مِنْ وَلَدِ آدَمَ قَبْلَهُ. وَيَحْتَجُّونَ فِي قَوْلِهِمْ: إنَّهُ ثَالِثُ ثَلَاثَةٍ بِقَوْلِ اللَّهِ: فَعَلْنَا، وَأَمَرْنَا، وَخَلَقْنَا، وَقَضَيْنَا. فَيَقُولُونَ: لَوْ كَانَ وَاحِدًا مَا قَالَ إلَّا فَعَلْتُ، وَقَضَيْتُ، وَأَمَرْتُ، وَخَلَقْتُ؛ وَلَكِنَّهُ هُوَ وَعِيسَى وَمَرْيَمُ. فَفِي كُلِّ ذَلِكَ مِنْ قَوْلِهِمْ قَدْ نَزَلَ الْقُرْآنُ - فَلَمَّا كَلَّمَهُ الْحَبْرَانِ، قَالَ لَهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: أَسْلِمَا؛ قَالَا: قَدْ أَسْلَمْنَا؛ قَالَ: إنَّكُمَا لَمْ تُسْلِمَا ( فَأَسْلِمَا )؛ قَالَا: بَلَى، قَدْ أَسْلَمْنَا قَبْلَكَ: قَالَ: كَذَبْتُمَا، يَمْنَعُكُمَا مِنْ الْإِسْلَامِ دُعَاؤُكُمَا لِلَّهِ وَلَدًا، وَعِبَادَتُكُمَا الصَّلِيبَ، وَأَكْلُكُمَا الْخِنْزِيرَ؛ قَالَا: فَمَنْ أَبُوهُ يَا مُحَمَّدُ ؟ فَصَمَتَ عَنْهُمَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمْ يُجِبْهُمَا
Translation
✧ [The names of the delegation and their beliefs, and their debate with the Messenger ﷺ] Ibn Isḥāq said: The names of the fourteen to whom their affair fell back were: al-ʿĀqib, who is ʿAbd al-Masīḥ; al-Sayyid, who is al-Ayham; Abū Ḥārithah b. ʿAlqamah, the brother of the Banū Bakr b. Wāʾil; Aws; al-Ḥārith; Zayd; Qays; Yazīd; Nabīh; Khuwaylid; ʿAmr; Khālid; ʿAbd Allāh; and Yuḥannis, with sixty riders. Among them, Abū Ḥārithah b. ʿAlqamah, al-ʿĀqib ʿAbd al-Masīḥ, and al-Ayham al-Sayyid spoke with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. They adhered to Christianity upon the religion of the king, with differences in what they were commanded. They say: He is Allah; and they say: He is the son of Allah; and they say: He is the third of three. Such is the saying of Christianity. They argue for their saying 'He is Allah' because he used to bring the dead to life, cure illnesses, inform of unseen matters, and create from clay the likeness of a bird, then breathe into it and it becomes a bird—all of that by the command of Allah, blessed and exalted be He: 'and that We might make him a sign for the people'. They argue for their saying that he is the son of Allah by saying: There was no known father for him, and he spoke in the cradle, and no one among the children of Adam had done this before him. They argue for their saying that he is the third of three because of Allah's saying: We did, We commanded, We created, and We decreed. They say: If He were one, He would only say: I did, I decreed, I commanded, and I created; but He is He, Jesus, and Mary. In all of that from their speech, the Qurʾān came down. When the two scholars spoke to him, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to them: 'Submit (aslimā).' They said: 'We have submitted.' He said: 'You have not submitted, so submit.' They said: 'Indeed, we submitted before you.' He said: 'You have lied. What prevents you from submission is your ascribing to Allah a son, your worship of the cross, and your eating of pork.' They said: 'Then who is his father, O Muḥammad?' The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was silent before them and did not answer.
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