Sirat Ibn Hisham 648
Their return to the Prophet ﷺ regarding the ruling of stoning
[ رُجُوعُهُمْ إلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي حُكْمِ الرَّجْمِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ شِهَابٍ الزُّهْرِيُّ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ رَجُلًا مِنْ مُزَيْنَةَ، مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، يُحَدِّثُ سَعِيدَ بْنَ الْمُسَيِّبِ، أَنَّ أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ حَدَّثَهُمْ: أَنَّ أَحْبَارَ يَهُودَ اجْتَمَعُوا فِي بَيْتِ الْمِدْرَاسِ، حَيْنَ قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ، وَقَدْ زَنَى رَجُلٌ مِنْهُمْ بَعْدَ إحْصَانِهِ بِامْرَأَةٍ مِنْ يَهُودَ قَدْ أَحْصَنَتْ، فَقَالُوا: ابْعَثُوا بِهَذَا الرَّجُلِ وَهَذِهِ الْمَرْأَةِ إلَى مُحَمَّدٍ، فَسَلُوهُ كَيْفَ الْحُكْمُ فِيهِمَا، وَوَلُّوهُ الْحُكْمَ عَلَيْهِمَا، فَإِنْ عَمِلَ فِيهِمَا بِعَمَلِكُمْ مِنْ التَّجْبِيَةِ - وَالتَّجْبِيَةُ: الْجَلْدُ بِحَبْلٍ مِنْ لِيفٍ مَطْلِيٍّ بِقَارٍ، ثُمَّ تُسَوَّدُ وُجُوهُهُمَا، ثُمَّ يُحْمَلَانِ عَلَى حِمَارَيْنِ، وَتُجْعَلُ وُجُوهُهُمَا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَدْبَارِ الْحِمَارَيْنِ - فَاتَّبِعُوهُ، فَإِنَّمَا هُوَ مَلَكٌ، وَصَدِّقُوهُ، وَإِنْ هُوَ حَكَمَ فِيهِمَا بِالرَّجْمِ فَإِنَّهُ نَبِيٌّ، فَاحْذَرُوهُ عَلَى مَا فِي أَيْدِيكُمْ أَنْ يَسْلُبَكُمُوهُ. فَأَتَوْهُ، فَقَالُوا: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، هَذَا رَجُلٌ قَدْ زَنَى بَعْدَ إحْصَانِهِ بِامْرَأَةٍ قَدْ أَحْصَنَتْ، فَاحْكُمْ فِيهِمَا، فَقَدْ وَلَّيْنَاكَ الْحُكْمَ فِيهِمَا. فَمَشَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى أَتَى أَحْبَارَهُمْ فِي بَيْتِ الْمِدْرَاسِ فَقَالَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ أَخْرِجُوا إلَيَّ عُلَمَاءَكُمْ، فَأُخْرِجَ لَهُ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ صُورِيَّا. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَقَدْ حَدَّثَنِي بَعْضُ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ: أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ أَخَرَجُوا إلَيْهِ يَوْمئِذٍ، مَعَ ابْنِ صُورِيَّا، أَبَا يَاسِرِ بْنِ أَخْطَبَ، وَوَهْبَ بْنَ يَهُوذَا، فَقَالُوا: هَؤُلَاءِ عُلَمَاؤُنَا. فَسَأَلَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، حَتَّى حَصَّلَ أَمْرَهُمْ، إلَى أَنْ قَالُوا لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ صُورِيَّا: هَذَا أَعْلَمُ مَنْ بَقِيَ بِالتَّوْرَاةِ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: مِنْ قَوْلِهِ: وَحَدَّثَنِي بَعْضُ بَنِي قُرَيْظَةَ - إلَى أَعْلَمُ مَنْ بَقِيَ بِالتَّوْرَاةِ مِنْ قَوْلِ ابْنِ إسْحَاقَ، وَمَا بَعْدَهُ مِنْ الْحَدِيثِ الَّذِي قَبْلَهُ. فَخَلَا بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَكَانَ غُلَامًا شَابًّا مِنْ أَحْدَثِهِمْ سِنًّا، فَأَلَظَّ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَسْأَلَةَ، يَقُولُ لَهُ: يَا ابْنَ صُورِيَّا، أَنْشُدُكَ اللَّهَ وَأُذَكِّرُكَ بِأَيَّامِهِ عِنْدَ بَنِي إسْرَائِيلَ، هَلْ تَعْلَمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ حَكَمَ فِيمَنْ زَنَى بَعْدَ إحْصَانِهِ بِالرَّجْمِ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ ؟ قَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ نَعَمْ، أَمَا وَاَللَّهِ يَا أَبَا الْقَاسِمِ إنَّهُمْ لَيَعْرِفُونَ أَنَّكَ لَنَبِيٌّ مُرْسَلٌ وَلَكِنَّهُمْ يَحْسُدُونَكَ. قَالَ: فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَأَمَرَ بِهِمَا فَرُجِمَا عِنْدَ بَابِ مَسْجِدِهِ فِي بَنِي غَنْمِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ النَّجَّارِ. ثُمَّ كَفَرَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ ابْنُ صُورِيَّا، وَجَحَدَ نُبُوَّةَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِمْ: يَا أَيُّهَا الرَّسُولُ لَا يَحْزُنْكَ الَّذِينَ يُسَارِعُونَ فِي الْكُفْرِ مِنَ الَّذِينَ قَالُوا آمَنَّا بِأَفْوَاهِهِمْ وَلَمْ تُؤْمِنْ قُلُوبُهُمْ وَمِنَ الَّذِينَ هَادُوا سَمَّاعُونَ لِلْكَذِبِ سَمَّاعُونَ لِقَوْمٍ آخَرِينَ لَمْ يَأْتُوكَ أَيْ الَّذِينَ بَعَثُوا مِنْهُمْ مَنْ بَعَثُوا وَتَخَلَّفُوا، وَأَمَرُوهُمْ بِمَا أَمَرُوهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ تَحْرِيفِ الْحُكْمِ عَنْ مَوَاضِعِهِ. ثُمَّ قَالَ: يُحَرِّفُونَ الْكَلِمَ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَوَاضِعِهِ يَقُولُونَ إِنْ أُوتِيتُمْ هَذَا فَخُذُوهُ وَإِنْ لَمْ تُؤْتَوْهُ أَيْ الرَّجْمَ فَاحْذَرُوا إلَى آخِرِ الْقِصَّةِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ طَلْحَةَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ بْنِ رُكَانَةَ عَنْ إسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ: أَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِرَجْمِهِمَا، فَرُجِمَا بِبَابِ مَسْجِدِهِ، فَلَمَّا وَجَدَ الْيَهُودِيُّ مَسَّ الْحِجَارَةِ قَامَ إلَى صَاحِبَتِهِ فَجَنَأَ عَلَيْهَا، يَقِيهَا مَسَّ الْحِجَارَةِ، حَتَّى قُتِلَا جَمِيعًا قَالَ: وَكَانَ ذَلِكَ مِمَّا صَنَعَ اللَّهُ لِرَسُولِهِ ﷺ فِي تَحْقِيقِ الزِّنَا مِنْهُمَا. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي صَالِحُ بْنُ كَيْسَانَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ: لَمَّا حَكَّمُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِيهِمَا، دَعَاهُمْ بِالتَّوْرَاةِ، وَجَلَسَ حَبْرٌ مِنْهُمْ يَتْلُوهَا، وَقَدْ وَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَى آيَةِ الرَّجْمِ، قَالَ: فَضَرَبَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلَامٍ يَدَ الْحَبْرِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: هَذِهِ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ آيَةُ الرَّجْمِ يَأْبَى أَنْ يَتْلُوَهَا عَلَيْكَ؛ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: وَيْحَكُمْ يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ مَا دَعَاكُمْ إلَى تَرْكِ حُكْمِ اللَّهِ وَهُوَ بِأَيْدِيكُمْ ؟ قَالَ: فَقَالُوا: أَمَا وَاَللَّهِ إنَّهُ قَدْ كَانَ فِينَا يُعْمَلُ بِهِ، حَتَّى زَنَى رَجُلٌ مِنَّا بَعْدَ إحْصَانِهِ، مِنْ بُيُوتِ الْمُلُوكِ وَأَهْلِ الشَّرَفِ، فَمَنَعَهُ الْمُلْكُ مِنْ الرَّجْمِ، ثُمَّ زَنَى رَجُلٌ بَعْدَهُ، فَأَرَادَ أَنْ يَرْجُمَهُ، فَقَالُوا: لَا وَاَللَّهِ، حَتَّى تَرْجُمَ فُلَانًا، فَلَمَّا قَالُوا لَهُ ذَلِكَ اجْتَمَعُوا فَأَصْلَحُوا أَمْرَهُمْ عَلَى التَّجْبِيَةِ، وَأَمَاتُوا ذِكْرَ الرَّجْمِ وَالْعَمَلَ بِهِ. قَالَ: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: فَأَنَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَحْيَا أَمْرَ اللَّهِ وَكِتَابَهُ وَعَمِلَ بِهِ، ثُمَّ أَمَرَ بِهِمَا فَرُجِمَا عِنْدَ بَابِ مَسْجِدِهِ قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ: فَكُنْتُ فِيمَنْ رَجَمَهُمَا
Translation
✧ [Their referral to the Prophet ﷺ for the ruling on stoning] Ibn Isḥāq said: Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhrī related to me that he heard a man from Muzaynah, one of the people of knowledge, relate to Saʿīd ibn al-Musayyab that Abū Hurayrah related to them: The Jewish rabbis gathered in the house of study when the Messenger of God ﷺ came to Madinah, and a man of theirs had committed adultery after being married with a Jewish woman who had been married. They said: Send this man and this woman to Muḥammad and ask him how judgment should be given concerning them, and entrust judgment concerning them to him. If he works among them according to your practice of tajbiyah—and tajbiyah is flogging with a rope of palm fiber coated with tar; then their faces are blackened; then they are carried on two donkeys with their faces turned toward the hindquarters of the donkeys—then follow him, for he is merely a king, and believe him. But if he judges concerning them with stoning, then he is a prophet; so beware of him lest he take away what is in your hands. So they came to him and said: O Muḥammad, this is a man who has committed adultery after being married with a woman who has been married; so judge concerning them, for we have entrusted judgment concerning them to you. The Messenger of God ﷺ walked until he came to their rabbis in the house of study and said: O assembly of Jews, bring out to me your learned men. ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ṣūriyā was brought out to him. Ibn Isḥāq said: Some of the Banū Qurayẓah related to me that they brought out to him that day, together with Ibn Ṣūriyā, Abū Yāsir ibn Akhṭab and Wahb ibn Yahūdhā, and they said: These are our learned men. The Messenger of God ﷺ questioned them until he arrived at the core of their matter, until they said to ʿAbd Allāh ibn Ṣūriyā: This one is the most learned of those remaining in the Torah. Ibn Hishām said: From his saying, “And some of the Banū Qurayẓah related to me,” to “the most learned of those remaining in the Torah,” is from the saying of Ibn Isḥāq, and what comes after it belongs to the preceding tradition. So the Messenger of God ﷺ withdrew alone with him—and he was a young lad, one of the youngest of them in age—and the Messenger of God ﷺ pressed him with questioning, saying to him: O Ibn Ṣūriyā, I adjure you by God and remind you of His days among the Children of Israel. Do you know that God has decreed in the Torah stoning for one who commits adultery after being married? He said: O God, yes. By God, O Abū al-Qāsim, they indeed know that you are a prophet sent by God, but they envy you. He said: Then the Messenger of God ﷺ went out and ordered that the two be stoned, and they were stoned at the gate of his mosque among the Banū Ghanm ibn Mālik ibn al-Najjār. Then Ibn Ṣūriyā later disbelieved and denied the prophethood of the Messenger of God ﷺ. Ibn Isḥāq said: Then God, exalted is He, revealed concerning them: “O Messenger, let not those grieve you who hasten into disbelief among those who say, ‘We believe’ with their mouths but their hearts do not believe, and among those who have Judaized; they listen to falsehood, they listen to another people who have not come to you,” meaning those whom they sent from among them and who stayed behind, and they commanded them with what they commanded them of distorting judgment from its proper places. Then He said: “They distort words from after their proper places, saying, ‘If you are given this, take it, but if you are not given it’—that is, stoning—‘beware,’” to the end of the story. Ibn Isḥāq said: Muḥammad ibn Ṭalḥah ibn Yazīd ibn Rukānah related to me from Ismāʿīl ibn Ibrāhīm, from Ibn ʿAbbās, who said: The Messenger of God ﷺ ordered that the two be stoned, and they were stoned at the gate of his mosque. When the Jew felt the touch of the stones, he rose to his companion and leaned over her, shielding her from the touch of the stones, until they were both killed together. He said: That was among what God did for His Messenger ﷺ in establishing the adultery between them. Ibn Isḥāq said: Ṣāliḥ ibn Kaysān related to me from Nāfiʿ, the freedman of ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUmar, from ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUmar, who said: When they made the Messenger of God ﷺ judge concerning the two, he summoned them with the Torah, and one of their rabbis sat reciting it, having placed his hand over the verse of stoning. He said: ʿAbd Allāh ibn Salām struck the hand of the rabbi and then said: This, O Prophet of God, is the verse of stoning; he refuses to recite it to you. The Messenger of God ﷺ said to them: Woe to you, O assembly of Jews, what has called you to abandon God’s judgment while it is in your hands? He said: They said: By God, it was indeed practiced among us until a man of ours, from the houses of kings and people of nobility, committed adultery after being married, and the king prevented him from stoning. Then another man committed adultery after him, and he wanted to stone him, but they said: No, by God, not until you stone so-and-so. When they said that to him, they gathered and set their affair upon tajbiyah, and they caused the mention of stoning and practice of it to die out. He said: The Messenger of God ﷺ said: I am the first to revive God’s command and His Book and act upon it. Then he ordered that the two be stoned, and they were stoned at the gate of his mosque. ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿUmar said: I was among those who stoned them.
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