Sirat Ibn Hisham 613
What was revealed of Sūrat al-Baqara concerning the hypocrites and the Jews
مَا نَزَلَ مِنْ الْبَقَرَةِ فِي الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَيَهُودَ [ مَا نَزَلَ فِي الْأَحْبَارِ ] فَفِي هَؤُلَاءِ مِنْ أَحْبَارِ يَهُودَ، وَالْمُنَافِقِينَ مِنْ الْأَوْسِ وَالْخَزْرَجِ، نَزَلَ صَدْرُ سُورَةِ الْبَقَرَةِ إلَى الْمِئَةِ مِنْهَا - فِيمَا بَلَغَنِي - وَاَللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. يَقُولُ اللَّهُ سُبْحَانَهُ وَبِحَمْدِهِ: الم ذَلِكَ الْكِتَابُ لَا رَيْبَ فِيهِ أَيْ لَا شَكَّ فِيهِ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: قَالَ سَاعِدَةُ بْنُ جُؤَيَةَ الْهُذَلِيُّ:: فَقَالُوا عَهِدْنَا الْقَوْمَ قَدْ حَصَرُوا بِهِ فَلَا رَيْبَ أَنْ قَدْ كَانَ ثَمَّ لَحِيمُ وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ، وَالرَّيْبُ ( أَيْضًا ): الرِّيبَةُ. قَالَ خَالِدُ بْنُ زُهَيْرٍ الْهُذَلِيُّ: كَأَنَّنِي أَرْبِبُهُ بِرَيْبٍ قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ يَرْوِيهِ: كَأَنَّنِي أَرَبْتُهُ بِرَيْبٍ وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي أَبْيَاتٍ لَهُ. وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَخِي أَبِي ذُؤَيْبٍ الْهُذَلِيُّ. هُدًى لِلْمُتَّقِينَ أَيْ الَّذِينَ يَحْذَرُونَ مِنْ اللَّهِ عُقُوبَتَهُ فِي تَرْكِ مَا يَعْرِفُونَ مِنْ الْهُدَى، وَيَرْجُونَ رَحْمَتَهُ بِالتَّصْدِيقِ بِمَا جَاءَهُمْ مِنْهُ. الَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالْغَيْبِ وَيُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ وَمِمَّا رَزَقْنَاهُمْ يُنْفِقُونَ أَيْ يُقِيمُونَ الصَّلَاةَ بِفَرْضِهَا، وَيُؤْتَوْنَ الزَّكَاةَ احْتِسَابًا لَهَا. وَالَّذِينَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ أَيْ يُصَدِّقُونَكَ بِمَا جِئْتَ بِهِ مِنْ اللَّهِ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ، وَمَا جَاءَ بِهِ مَنْ قَبْلُكَ مِنْ الْمُرْسَلِينَ، لَا يُفَرِّقُونَ بَيْنَهُمْ، وَلَا يَجْحَدُونَ مَا جَاءُوهُمْ بِهِ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ. وَبِالْآخِرَةِ هُمْ يُوقِنُونَ أَيْ بِالْبَعْثِ وَالْقِيَامَةِ وَالْجَنَّةِ وَالنَّارِ وَالْحِسَابِ وَالْمِيزَانِ، أَيْ هَؤُلَاءِ الَّذِينَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِمَا كَانَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ، وَبِمَا جَاءَكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ أُولَئِكَ عَلَى هُدًى مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ أَيْ عَلَى نُورٍ مِنْ رَبِّهِمْ وَاسْتِقَامَةٍ عَلَى مَا جَاءَهُمْ وَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْمُفْلِحُونَ أَيْ الَّذِينَ أَدْرَكُوا مَا طَلَبُوا وَنَجَوْا مِنْ شَرِّ مَا مِنْهُ هَرَبُوا. إنَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا، أَيْ بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إلَيْكَ، وَإِنْ قَالُوا إنَّا قَدْ آمَنَّا بِمَا جَاءَنَا قَبْلَكَ سَوَاءٌ عَلَيْهِمْ أَأَنْذَرْتَهُمْ أَمْ لَمْ تُنْذِرْهُمْ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ أَيْ أَنَّهُمْ قَدْ كَفَرُوا بِمَا عِنْدَهُمْ مِنْ ذِكْرِكَ، وَجَحَدُوا مَا أُخِذَ عَلَيْهِمْ الْمِيثَاقُ لَكَ، فَقَدْ كَفَرُوا بِمَا جَاءَكَ وَبِمَا عِنْدَهُمْ، مِمَّا جَاءَهُمْ بِهِ غَيْرُكَ، فَكَيْفَ يَسْتَمِعُونَ مِنْكَ إنْذَارًا أَوْ تَحْذِيرًا، وَقَدْ كَفَرُوا بِمَا عِنْدَهُمْ مِنْ عِلْمِكَ. خَتَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَعَلَى سَمْعِهِمْ وَعَلَى أَبْصَارِهِمْ غِشَاوَةٌ أَيْ عَنْ الْهُدَى أَنْ يُصِيبُوهُ أَبَدًا، يَعْنِي بِمَا كَذَّبُوكَ بِهِ مِنْ الْحَقِّ الَّذِي جَاءَكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنُوا بِهِ، وَإِنْ آمَنُوا بِكُلِّ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَكَ، وَلَهُمْ بِمَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خِلَافِكَ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ. فَهَذَا فِي الْأَحْبَارِ مِنْ يَهُودَ، فِيمَا كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنْ الْحَقِّ بَعْدَ مُعْرِفَتِهِ.
Translation
✧ What was revealed from al-Baqarah concerning the hypocrites and the Jews (what was revealed concerning the rabbis). Regarding these rabbis of the Jews, and the hypocrites among the Aws and Khazraj, the opening of Sūrat al-Baqarah up to the hundredth verse was revealed—so it has reached me—and Allah knows best. Allah, exalted and praised be He, says: Alif Lām Mīm. That is the Book, in which there is no doubt (rayb), meaning no uncertainty. Ibn Hishām said: Sāʿidah b. Juʾayyah al-Hudhalī said: They said: We knew the people had confined him there, so there is no rayb that there was then a flesh-eating one. This verse is in a qaṣīdah of his, and al-rayb (also) means al-rībah (suspicion). Khālid b. Zuhayr al-Hudhalī said: It is as though I make him suspect (urabbibuhu) with rayb. Ibn Hishām said: Some transmitters relate it as: It is as though I made him suspect (urabtuhu) with rayb. This verse is in some verses of his. He was the nephew of Abū Dhuʾayb al-Hudhalī. A guidance for the God-fearing (al-muttaqīn), that is, those who fear Allah's punishment for abandoning what they know of guidance, and hope for His mercy by affirming what has come to them from Him. Who believe in the unseen and establish the prayer and spend from what We have provided them, that is, they establish prayer as an obligation, and give alms seeking reward for it. And who believe in what has been sent down to you and what was sent down before you, that is, they believe you in what you have brought from Allah, Mighty and Majestic, and what the messengers before you brought, not making distinction between them and not denying what they brought them from their Lord. And in the Hereafter they are certain, that is, in the resurrection, the standing, Paradise, the Fire, the reckoning, and the scale—meaning those who claim that they believed in what came before you and what came to you from your Lord. Those are upon guidance from their Lord, that is, upon light from their Lord and uprightness in what has come to them. And those are the successful, that is, those who attained what they sought and were saved from the evil of what they fled. Indeed, those who disbelieve—that is, in what has been sent down to you, even though they say, 'We have believed in what came to us before you'—it is all the same to them whether you warn them or do not warn them; they will not believe, that is, they have disbelieved in what they have of the remembrance of you, and they have denied the covenant that was taken upon them for you, so they have disbelieved in what has come to you and in what they have of what others brought to them. How then could they listen to your warning or admonition when they have disbelieved in their own knowledge of you? Allah has set a seal on their hearts and on their hearing, and on their eyes is a covering, that is, from guidance so that they may ever attain it. This means for their having denied you the truth that came to you from your Lord, until they believe in it, even if they believed in everything before you. And for them, for what they are upon of opposition to you, there is a great punishment. This is concerning the rabbis of the Jews, regarding the truth they denied after having recognized it.
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