Sirat Ibn Hisham 515
al-Barāʾ b. Maʿrūr and his prayer toward the Kaʿbah
[ الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ وَصَلَاتُهُ إلَى الْكَعْبَةِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: حَدَّثَنِي مَعْبَدُ بْنُ كَعْبِ بْنِ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَبِي كَعْبِ بْنِ الْقَيْنِ، أَخُو بَنِي سَلِمَةَ، أَنَّ أَخَاهُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ كَعْبٍ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَعْلَمِ الْأَنْصَارِ، حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ أَبَاهُ كَعْبًا حَدَّثَهُ، وَكَانَ كَعْبٌ مِمَّنْ شَهِدَ الْعَقَبَةَ وَبَايَعَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِهَا، قَالَ: خَرَجْنَا فِي حُجَّاجِ قَوْمِنَا مِنْ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَقَدْ صَلَّيْنَا وَفَقِهْنَا، وَمَعَنَا الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ، سَيِّدُنَا وَكَبِيرُنَا، فَلَمَّا وَجَّهْنَا لِسَفَرِنَا، وَخَرَجْنَا مِنْ الْمَدِينَةِ، قَالَ الْبَرَاءُ لَنَا: يَا هَؤُلَاءِ، إنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَأْيًا، فَوَاَللَّهِ مَا أَدْرِي، أَتُوَافِقُونَنِي عَلَيْهِ، أَمْ لَا ؟ قَالَ: قُلْنَا: وَمَا ذَاكَ ؟ قَالَ: قَدْ رَأَيْتُ أَنْ لَا أَدَعَ هَذِهِ الْبَنِيَّةَ مِنِّي بِظَهْرٍ، يَعْنِي الْكَعْبَةَ، وَأَنْ أُصَلِّيَ إلَيْهَا. قَالَ: فَقُلْنَا، وَاَللَّهِ مَا بَلَغَنَا أَنَّ نَبِيَّنَا ﷺ يُصَلِّي إلَّا إلَى الشَّامِ وَمَا نُرِيدُ أَنْ نُخَالِفَهُ. قَالَ: فَقَالَ: إنِّي لَمُصَلٍّ إلَيْهَا. قَالَ: فَقُلْنَا لَهُ: لَكِنَّا لَا نَفْعَلُ. قَالَ: فَكُنَّا إذَا حَضَرَتْ الصَّلَاةُ صَلَّيْنَا إلَى الشَّامِ، وَصَلَّى إلَى الْكَعْبَةِ، حَتَّى قَدِمْنَا مَكَّةَ قَالَ: وَقَدْ كُنَّا عِبْنَا عَلَيْهِ مَا صَنَعَ، وَأَبَى إلَّا الْإِقَامَةَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ. فَلَمَّا قَدِمْنَا مَكَّةَ قَالَ لِي: يَا ابْنَ أَخِي، انْطَلِقْ بِنَا إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، حَتَّى نَسْأَلَهُ عَمَّا صَنَعْتُ فِي سَفَرِي هَذَا، فَإِنَّهُ وَاَللَّهِ لَقَدْ وَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ، لِمَا رَأَيْتُ مِنْ خِلَافِكُمْ إيَّايَ فِيهِ. قَالَ: فَخَرَجْنَا نَسْأَلُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَكُنَّا لَا نَعْرِفُهُ، وَلَمْ نَرَهُ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ فَلَقِينَا رَجُلًا مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ، فَسَأَلْنَاهُ عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ: هَلْ تَعْرِفَانِهِ ؟ فَقُلْنَا: لَا، قَالَ: فَهَلْ تَعْرِفَانِ الْعَبَّاسَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ عَمَّهُ ؟ قَالَ: قُلْنَا: نَعَمْ - قَالَ: وَقَدْ كُنَّا نَعْرِفُ الْعَبَّاسَ، كَانَ لَا يَزَالُ يَقْدَمُ عَلَيْنَا تَاجِرًا - قَالَ: فَإِذَا دَخَلْتُمَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَهُوَ الرَّجُلُ الْجَالِسُ مَعَ الْعَبَّاسِ. قَالَ. فَدَخَلْنَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَإِذَا الْعَبَّاسُ جَالِسٌ، وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ جَالِسٌ مَعَهُ، فَسَلَّمْنَا ثُمَّ جَلَسْنَا إلَيْهِ. فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِلْعَبَّاسِ: هَلْ تَعْرِفُ هَذَيْنِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ يَا أَبَا الْفَضْلِ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، هَذَا الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ، سَيِّدُ قَوْمِهِ، وَهَذَا كَعْبُ ( بْنُ ) مَالِكٍ. قَالَ: فَوَاَللَّهِ مَا أَنْسَى قَوْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: الشَّاعِرُ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. ( قَالَ ): فَقَالَ ( لَهُ ) الْبَرَاءُ بْنُ مَعْرُورٍ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ، إنِّي خَرَجْتُ فِي سَفَرِي هَذَا، وَقَدْ هَدَانِي اللَّهُ لِلْإِسْلَامِ، فَرَأَيْتُ أَنْ لَا أَجْعَلَ هَذِهِ الْبَنِيَّةَ مِنِّي بِظَهْرٍ، فَصَلَّيْتُ إلَيْهَا، وَقَدْ خَالَفَنِي أَصْحَابِي فِي ذَلِكَ، حَتَّى وَقَعَ فِي نَفْسِي مِنْ ذَلِكَ شَيْءٌ، فَمَاذَا تَرَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ؟ قَالَ: ( قَدْ ) كُنْتَ عَلَى قِبْلَةٍ لَوْ صَبَرْتَ عَلَيْهَا. قَالَ: فَرَجَعَ الْبَرَاءُ إلَى قِبْلَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَصَلَّى مَعَنَا إلَى الشَّامِ. قَالَ: وَأَهْلُهُ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُ صَلَّى إلَى الْكَعْبَةِ حَتَّى مَاتَ، وَلَيْسَ ذَلِكَ كَمَا قَالُوا، نَحْنُ أَعْلَمُ بِهِ مِنْهُمْ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَقَالَ عَوْنُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ:: وَمِنَّا الْمُصَلِّي أَوَّلَ النَّاسِ مُقْبِلًا عَلَى كَعْبَةِ الرَّحْمَنِ بَيْنَ الْمَشَاعِرِ يَعْنِي الْبَرَاءَ بْنَ مَعْرُورٍ. وَهَذَا الْبَيْتُ فِي قَصِيدَةٍ لَهُ
Translation
✧ Al-Barāʾ b. Maʿrūr and his prayer toward the Kaʿbah Ibn Isḥāq said: Maʿbad b. Kaʿb b. Mālik b. Abī Kaʿb b. al-Qayn, brother of the Banū Salimah, related to me that his brother ʿAbd Allāh b. Kaʿb—who was among the most learned of the Anṣār—related to him that his father Kaʿb related to him, and Kaʿb was among those who attended al-ʿAqabah and pledged allegiance to the Messenger of God ﷺ there. He said: We set out among the pilgrims of our people from the polytheists, having already prayed and gained understanding, and with us was al-Barāʾ b. Maʿrūr, our chief and elder. When we turned to our journey and departed from Madinah, al-Barāʾ said to us: 'O you people, I have formed an opinion. By God, I do not know whether you will agree with me about it or not.' He said: We said, 'And what is that?' He said, 'I have decided not to turn my back on this House'—meaning the Kaʿbah—'and to pray toward it.' He said: So we said, 'By God, it has not reached us that our Prophet ﷺ prays except toward Syria, and we do not wish to oppose him.' He said: Then he said, 'I shall certainly pray toward it.' He said: So we said to him, 'But we will not do so.' He said: So when the time for prayer came, we prayed toward Syria, and he prayed toward the Kaʿbah, until we arrived in Makkah. He said: We had reproached him for what he did, but he refused to do anything but persist in that. When we arrived in Makkah, he said to me: 'O son of my brother, come with us to the Messenger of God ﷺ so that we may ask him about what I did during this journey of mine, for by God, something about it has fallen into my soul, because of the opposition I saw from you against me in it.' He said: So we went out asking about the Messenger of God ﷺ, and we did not know him, nor had we seen him before that. Then we met a man from the people of Makkah, and we asked him about the Messenger of God ﷺ. He said, 'Do you two know him?' We said, 'No.' He said, 'Do you two know al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, his paternal uncle?' He said: We said, 'Yes'—he said: And we knew al-ʿAbbās; he used to keep coming to us as a merchant—he said: 'When you two enter the mosque, he is the man sitting with al-ʿAbbās.' He said: So we entered the mosque, and there was al-ʿAbbās sitting, and the Messenger of God ﷺ sitting with him. We greeted, then sat down near him. The Messenger of God ﷺ said to al-ʿAbbās: 'Do you know these two men, O Abū al-Faḍl?' He said, 'Yes, this is al-Barāʾ b. Maʿrūr, chief of his people, and this is Kaʿb b. Mālik.' He said: By God, I shall never forget the saying of the Messenger of God ﷺ: 'The poet?' He said, 'Yes.' He said: Then al-Barāʾ b. Maʿrūr said to him: 'O Prophet of God, I set out on this journey of mine, and God has guided me to Islam. I decided not to turn my back on this House, so I prayed toward it, and my companions opposed me in that, until something about it fell into my soul. So what do you think, O Messenger of God?' He said: 'You were upon a qiblah, had you remained patient upon it.' He said: So al-Barāʾ returned to the qiblah of the Messenger of God ﷺ and prayed with us toward Syria. He said: His family claim that he prayed toward the Kaʿbah until he died, but that is not as they said; we know better about it than they. Ibn Hishām said: And ʿAwn b. Ayyūb al-Anṣārī said: Among us is the one who prayed, the first of people, facing the Kaʿbah of the Merciful, among the sacred rites— meaning al-Barāʾ b. Maʿrūr. This verse is in a poem of his.
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