Sirat Ibn Hisham 1645
The day on which God took His Prophet ﷺ
[ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي قَبَضَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ نَبِيَّهُ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ وَقَالَ الزُّهْرِيُّ: حَدَّثَنِي أَنَسُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ: أَنَّهُ لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الِاثْنَيْنِ الَّذِي قَبَضَ اللَّهُ فِيهِ رَسُولَهُ ﷺ، خَرَجَ إلَى النَّاسِ، وَهُمْ يُصَلُّونَ الصُّبْحَ، فَرَفَعَ السِّتْرَ، وَفَتَحَ الْبَابَ، فَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَقَامَ عَلَى بَابِ عَائِشَةَ، فَكَادَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ يُفْتَتَنُونَ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ رَأَوْهُ فَرَحًا بِهِ، وَتَفَرَّجُوا، فَأَشَارَ إلَيْهِمْ أَنْ اُثْبُتُوا عَلَى صَلَاتِكُمْ؛ قَالَ: فَتَبَسَّمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سُرُورًا لَمَّا رَأَى مِنْ هَيْئَتِهِمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ، وَمَا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَحَسَنَ هَيْئَةً مِنْهُ تِلْكَ السَّاعَةَ، قَالَ: ثُمَّ رَجَعَ وَانْصَرَفَ النَّاسُ وَهُمْ يَرَوْنَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ أَفْرَقَ مِنْ وَجَعِهِ، فَرَجَعَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إلَى أَهْلِهِ بِالسُّنْحِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ، عَنْ الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ: أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ حِينَ سَمِعَ تَكْبِيرَ عُمَرَ فِي الصَّلَاةِ: أَيْنَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ ؟ يَأْبَى اللَّهُ ذَلِكَ وَالْمُسْلِمُونَ. فَلَوْلَا مَقَالَةٌ قَالَهَا عُمَرُ عِنْدَ وَفَاتِهِ، لَمْ يَشُكَّ الْمُسْلِمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ اسْتَخْلَفَ أَبَا بَكْرٍ، وَلَكِنَّهُ قَالَ عِنْدَ وَفَاتِهِ: إنْ أَسْتَخْلَفَ فَقَدْ اسْتَخْلَفَ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي، وَإِنْ أَتَرَكَهُمْ فَقَدْ تَرَكَهُمْ مَنْ هُوَ خَيْرٌ مِنِّي. فَعَرَفَ النَّاسُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمْ يَسْتَخْلِفْ أَحَدًا، وَكَانَ عُمَرُ غَيْرَ مَتَّهُمْ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ، قَالَ: لَمَّا كَانَ يَوْمُ الِاثْنَيْنِ خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَاصِبًا رَأْسَهُ إلَى الصُّبْحِ، وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ يُصَلِّي بِالنَّاسِ، فَلَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَفَرَّجَ النَّاسُ، فَعَرَفَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنَّ النَّاسَ لَمْ يَصْنَعُوا ذَلِكَ إلَّا لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَنَكَصَ عَنْ مُصَلَّاهُ، فَدَفَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي ظَهْرِهِ، وَقَالَ: صَلِّ بِالنَّاسِ، وَجَلَسَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى جَنْبِهِ، فَصَلَّى قَاعِدًا عَنْ يَمِينِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ مِنْ الصَّلَاةِ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى النَّاسِ، فَكَلَّمَهُمْ رَافِعًا صَوْتَهُ، حَتَّى خَرَجَ صَوْتُهُ مِنْ بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ، يَقُولُ: أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ، سُعِّرَتْ النَّارُ، وَأَقْبَلَتْ الْفِتَنُ كَقِطَعِ اللَّيْلِ الْمُظْلِمِ، وَإِنِّي وَاَللَّهِ مَا تَمَسَّكُونِ عَلَيَّ بِشَيْءِ، إنِّي لَمْ أُحِلَّ إلَّا مَا أَحَلَّ الْقُرْآنُ، وَلَمْ أُحَرِّمْ إلَّا مَا حَرَّمَ الْقُرْآنُ قَالَ: فَلَمَّا فَرَغَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ كَلَامِهِ، قَالَ لَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إنِّي أَرَاكَ قَدْ أَصْبَحْتَ بِنِعْمَةِ مِنْ اللَّهِ وَفَضْلٍ كَمَا نُحِبُّ، وَالْيَوْمُ يَوْمُ بِنْتِ خَارِجَةَ، أَفَآتِيهَا ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ، ثُمَّ دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَخَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ إلَى أَهْلِهِ بِالسُّنْحِ
Translation
✧ [The day on which Allah took His Prophet's soul] Ibn Isḥāq said, and al-Zuhrī said: Anas b. Mālik reported to me that on the Monday on which Allah took His Messenger ﷺ, he went out to the people while they were praying the dawn prayer. He lifted the curtain and opened the door, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out and stood at the door of ʿĀʾishah. The Muslims almost broke off their prayer because of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ when they saw him, in joy at him, and they made way. He gestured to them: Remain steadfast in your prayer. He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ smiled in delight at what he saw of their bearing in their prayer, and I never saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with a finer bearing than he had at that hour. Then he went back, and the people left, thinking that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had recovered from his illness. Abū Bakr returned to his family in al-Sunḥ. Ibn Isḥāq said: Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm b. al-Ḥārith reported to me, from al-Qāsim b. Muḥammad: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said when he heard ʿUmar's takbīr in the prayer: "Where is Abū Bakr? Allah and the Muslims refuse that." Were it not for a statement ʿUmar made at his death, the Muslims would not have doubted that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had appointed Abū Bakr as his successor. But at his death he said: "If I appoint a successor, one better than I appointed a successor; and if I leave them, one better than I left them." So the people knew that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had not appointed anyone as successor, and ʿUmar was not suspected of anything against Abū Bakr. Ibn Isḥāq said: Abū Bakr b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Mulaykah reported to me: On Monday the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out with his head bandaged for the dawn prayer while Abū Bakr was leading the people in prayer. When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ came out, the people made way. Abū Bakr realized that the people did that only for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, so he stepped back from his place of prayer. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ pushed him in the back and said: "Lead the people in prayer." The Messenger of Allah ﷺ sat down beside him and prayed seated to the right of Abū Bakr. When he finished the prayer, he turned to the people and spoke to them, raising his voice until it came out of the door of the mosque, saying: "O people, the Fire has been kindled, and trials have come like patches of dark night. By Allah, you cannot hold anything against me. I have not made lawful except what the Qur'an made lawful, and I have not made unlawful except what the Qur'an made unlawful." When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ finished his speech, Abū Bakr said to him: "O Prophet of Allah, I see that you have risen with Allah's favor and grace as we love. Today is the day of the daughter of Khārijah. Shall I go to her?" He said: "Yes." Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered, and Abū Bakr went out to his family in al-Sunḥ.
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