Tarikh (al-Tabari) 95
The story of Hud (peace be upon him)
أَمَّا عَادٌ فَهُوَ عَادُ بْنُ عُوضِ بْنِ إِرَمَ بْنِ سَامٍ بْنِ نُوحٍ، وَهُوَ عَادٌ الْأُولَى وكَانُوا جَبَّارِينَ طِوَالَ الْقَامَةِ لَمْ يَكُنْ مِثْلُهُمْ وكَانُوا عَرَبَا يَسْكُنُونَ الْأَحْقَافَ، وَهِيَ جِبَالُ الرَّمْلِ، وَكَانَتْ بِالْيَمَنِ مِنْ عُمَانَ وَحَضْرَمَوْتَ بِأَرْضٍ مُطِلَّةٍ عَلَى الْبَحْرِ يُقَالُ لَهَا: الشِّحْرُ، وَاسْمُ وَادِيهِمْ مُغِيثٌ، وَكَانُوا كَثِيرًا مَا يَسْكُنُونَ الْخِيَامَ ذَوَاتِ الْأَعْمِدَةِ الضِّخَامِ، كَمَا قَالَ تَعَالَى: أَلَمْ تَرَ كَيْفَ فَعَلَ رَبُّكَ بِعَادٍ إِرَمَ ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ [ الْفَجْرِ: 6، 7 ]. أَيْ عَادَ إِرَمَ. وَهُمْ عَادٌ الْأُولَى، وَأَمَّا عَادٌ الثَّانِيَةُ فَمُتَأَخِّرَةٌ. وَأَمَّا عَادٌ الْأُولَى فَهُمْ عَادٌ إِرَمَ ذَاتِ الْعِمَادِ الَّتِي لَمْ يُخْلَقْ مِثْلُهَا فِي الْبِلَادِ [ الْفَجْرِ: 7 8 ]. أَيْ ; مِثْلُ الْقَبِيلَةِ. وَقِيلَ: مِثْلُ الْعَمَدِ. وَالصَّحِيحُ الْأَوَّلُ. وَمِنْ زَعْمٍ أَنَّ إِرَمَ مَدِينَةٌ تَدُورُ فِي الْأَرْضِ، فَتَارَةً فِي الشَّامِ، وَتَارَةً فِي الْيَمَنِ، وَتَارَةً فِي الْحِجَازِ، وَتَارَةً فِي غَيْرِهَا، فَقَدْ أَبْعَدَ النُّجْعَةَ. وَقَالَ مَا لَا دَلِيلَ عَلَيْهِ، وَلَا بُرْهَانَ يُعَوِّلُ عَلَيْهِ، وَلَا مُسْتَنَدَ يَرْكَنُ إِلَيْهِ، وَفِي صَحِيحِ ابْنِ حِبَّانَ، عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ فِي حَدِيثِهِ الطَّوِيلِ فِي ذِكْرِ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ وَالْمُرْسَلِينَ قَالَ فِيهِ:. مِنْهُمْ أَرْبَعَةٌ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ ; هُودٌ، وَصَالِحٌ، وَشُعَيْبٌ، وَنَبِيُّكَ يَا أَبَا ذَرٍّ. وَيُقَالُ: إِنَّ هُودًا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ. وَزَعَمَ وَهْبُ بْنُ مُنَبِّهٍ أَنَّ أَبَاهُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ بِهَا. وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ أَوَّلُ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ بِهَا نُوحٌ. وَقِيلَ آدَمُ وَهُوَ الْأَشْبَهُ. وَقِيلَ: غَيْرُ ذَلِكَ، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. العرب العاربة وَيُقَالُ لِلْعَرَبِ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا قَبْلَ إِسْمَاعِيلَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ: الْعَرَبُ الْعَارِبَةُ. وَهُمْ قَبَائِلُ كَثِيرَةٌ مِنْهُمْ ; عَادٌ، وَثَمُودُ، وَجُرْهُمُ، وَطَسْمٌ، وَجَدِيسُ، وَأَمِيمُ، وَمَدْيَنُ، وَعِمْلَاقُ، وَعَبِيلٌ، وَجَاسِمٌ، وَقَحْطَانُ، وَبَنُو يَقْطُنَ، وَغَيْرُهُمْ. وَأَمَّا الْعَرَبُ الْمُسْتَعْرِبَةُ فَهُمْ مِنْ وَلَدِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ الْخَلِيلِ، وَكَانَ إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلَامُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ تَكَلَّمَ بِالْعَرَبِيَّةِ الْفَصِيحَةِ الْبَلِيغَةِ، وَكَانَ قَدْ أَخَذَ كَلَامَ الْعَرَبِ مِنْ جُرْهُمَ الَّذِينَ نَزَلُوا عِنْدَ أُمِّهِ هَاجَرَ بِالْحَرَمِ، وَلَكِنْ أَنْطَقَهُ اللَّهُ بِهَا فِي غَايَةِ الْفَصَاحَةِ وَالْبَيَانِ، وَكَذَلِكَ كَانَ يَتَلَفَّظُ بِهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ.
Translation
✧ As for ʿĀd, he is ʿĀd b. ʿŪḍ b. Iram b. Sām b. Nūḥ, and he is the first ʿĀd. They were tyrants, tall in stature, whose like had never existed. They were Arabs dwelling in al-Aḥqāf, which are mountains of sand, and this was in Yemen, from ʿUmān and Ḥaḍramawt, in a land overlooking the sea called al-Shiḥr, and the name of their valley was Mughīth. They often dwelt in tents with massive pillars, as the Most High said: “Did you not see how your Lord dealt with ʿĀd, Iram of the pillars?” [al-Fajr: 6, 7], meaning ʿĀd of Iram. They are the first ʿĀd, while the second ʿĀd are later. As for the first ʿĀd, they are ʿĀd of Iram with the pillars, the like of which was never created in the lands [al-Fajr: 7–8], meaning: like the tribe. It is also said: like the pillars. The correct view is the first. As for the claim that Iram is a city that moves through the earth, sometimes in Syria, sometimes in Yemen, sometimes in the Hijaz, and sometimes elsewhere, he has strayed far from the truth. He has said what has no evidence, no proof to rely upon, and no authority to lean upon. In the Ṣaḥīḥ of Ibn Ḥibbān, from Abū Dharr in his long hadith mentioning the prophets and messengers, he said in it: “... among them four were Arabs: Hūd, Ṣāliḥ, Shuʿayb, and your prophet, O Abū Dharr.” It is said that Hūd ﷺ was the first to speak Arabic. Wahb b. Munabbih claimed that his father was the first to speak it. Others said the first to speak it was Nūḥ. It is also said: Adam, and this is more likely. Others say otherwise, and God knows best. The Pure Arabs: The Arabs who were before Ismāʿīl ﷺ are called al-ʿArab al-ʿĀribah (the pure Arabs). They are many tribes, among them: ʿĀd, Thamūd, Jurhum, Ṭasm, Jadīs, Amīm, Madyan, ʿImlāq, ʿAbīl, Jāsim, Qaḥṭān, Banū Yaqṭun, and others. As for the Arabized Arabs (al-ʿArab al-Mustaʿribah), they are from the descendants of Ismāʿīl b. Ibrāhīm al-Khalīl. Ismāʿīl b. Ibrāhīm (peace be upon them both) was the first to speak the clear, eloquent Arabic, having taken the speech of the Arabs from Jurhum, who had settled near his mother Hājar at the sanctuary. But God made him speak it with the utmost eloquence and clarity, and likewise the Messenger of God ﷺ used to utter it.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.