Tarikh (al-Tabari) 918
Some matters that occurred between the Messenger ﷺ and the Jews, Christians, and hypocrites in al-Madinah al-Munawwarah
[ اجْتِمَاعُهُمْ عَلَى طَرْحِ الصَّخْرَةِ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ] وَخَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى بَنِي النَّضِيرِ يَسْتَعِينُهُمْ فِي دِيَةِ الْعَامِرِيَّيْنِ اللَّذَيْنِ قَتَلَ عَمْرُو بْنُ أُمَيَّةَ الضَّمْرِيُّ. لِلْعَهْدِ الَّذِي كَانَ ﷺ أَعْطَاهُمَا، وَكَانَ بَيْنَ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ وَبَيْنَ بَنِي عَامِرٍ عَهْدٌ وَحِلْفٌ وَمَعَهُ جَمَاعَةٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ فِيهِمْ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعُمَرُ وَعَلِيٌّ، فَقَالُوا: نَعَمْ نُعِينُكَ عَلَى مَا أَحْبَبْتَ، فَلَمَّا خَلَا بَعْضُهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ وَسَوَّلَ لَهُمُ الشَّيْطَانُ الشَّقَاءَ الَّذِي كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَتَآمَرُوا بِقَتْلِهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ حُيَيُّ بْنُ أَخْطَبَ: يَا مَعْشَرَ يَهُودَ قَدْ جَاءَكُمْ مُحَمَّدٌ فِي نَفَرٍ مِنْ أَصْحَابِهِ لَا يَبْلُغُونَ عَشَرَةً- وَمَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ، وَعُمَرُ، وَعُثْمَانُ، وَعَلِيٌّ، وَالزُّبَيْرُ، وَطَلْحَةُ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، وَأُسَيْدُ بْنُ الْحُضَيْرِ، وَسَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ - فَاطَّرَحُوا عَلَيْهِ حِجَارَةً مِنْ فَوْقِ هَذَا الْبَيْتِ الَّذِي هُوَ تَحْتَهُ فَاقْتُلُوهُ، وَلَنْ تَجِدُوهُ أَخْلَى مِنْهُ السَّاعَةَ، فَإِنَّهُ إِنْ قُتِلَ تَفَرَّقَ عَنْهُ أَصْحَابُهُ، فَلَحِقَ مَنْ كَانَ مَعَهُ [مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ] بِحَرَمِهِمْ، وَبَقِيَ مَنْ كَانَ هَا هُنَا مِنَ الْأَوْسِ وَالْخَزْرَجِ، فَمَا كُنْتُمْ تُرِيدُونَ أَنْ تَصْنَعُوا يَوْمًا مِنَ الدَّهْرِ فَمِنَ الْآنَ، فَقَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ جَحَّاشٍ- بِفَتْحِ الْجِيمِ وَتَشْدِيدِ الْحَاءِ الْمُهْمَلَةِ وَآخِرُهُ شِينٌ مُعْجَمَةٌ- النَّضْرِيُّ: إِذَا أَظْهَرَ عَلَى الْبَيْتِ فَأَطْرَحُ عَلَيْهِ صَخْرَةً، قَالَ سَلَّامُ بْنُ مِشْكَمٍ: يَا قَوْمِ أَطِيعُونِي هَذِهِ الْمَرَّةَ وَخَالِفُونِي الدَّهْرَ، وَاللَّهِ لَئِنْ فَعَلْتُمْ لَيُخْبَرَنَّ بِأَنَّا قَدْ غَدَرْنَا بِهِ، وَإِنَّ هَذَا نَقْضٌ لِلْعَهْدِ الَّذِي بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُ، فَلَا تَفْعَلُوا، وَهَيَّأَ عَمْرُو بْنُ جَحَّاشٍ الصَّخْرَةَ لِيُرْسِلَهَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَيُدَحْرِجَهَا، فَلَمَّا أَشْرَفَ بِهَا جَاءَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْخَبَرُ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ بِمَا هَمُّوا بِهِ، فَنَهَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَرِيعًا، كَأَنَّهُ يُرِيدُ حَاجَةً، وَتَوَجَّهَ نَحْوَ الْمَدِينَةِ، وَجَلَسَ أَصْحَابُهُ يَتَحَدَّثُونَ وَهُمْ يَظُنُّونَ أَنَّهُ قَامَ يَقْضِي حَاجَةً. وَرَوَى عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، قَالَ: فَبَيْنَمَا الْيَهُودُ عَلَى ذَلِكَ إِذْ جَاءَ جَاءٍ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَصْحَابَهُ يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِأَمْرِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ، قَالَ لَهُمْ: مَا تُرِيدُونَ ؟ قَالُوا: نُرِيدُ أَنْ نَقْتُلَ مُحَمَّدًا وَنَأْخُذَ أَصْحَابَهُ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: وَأَيْنَ مُحَمَّدُ ؟ قَالُوا: هَذَا مُحَمَّدٌ قَرِيبٌ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ صَاحِبُهُمْ: وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ تَرَكْتُ مُحَمَّدًا دَاخِلَ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَسَقَطَ فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ. وَاسْتَبْطَأَ الصَّحَابَةُ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ، وَرَاثَ عَلَيْهِمْ خَبَرُهُ، فَلَمَّا يَئِسُوا مِنْ ذَلِكَ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: مَا مُقَامُنَا هَا هُنَا بِشَيْءٍ، لَقَدْ تَوَجَّهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِأَمْرٍ، فَقَامُوا فِي طَلَبِهِ، فَقَالَ حُيَيُّ بْنُ أَخْطَبَ: لَقَدْ عَجِلَ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ، كُنَّا نُرِيدُ أَنْ نَقْضِيَ حَاجَتَهُ وَنَقْرِيَهُ، وَنَدِمَتْ يَهُودُ عَلَى مَا صَنَعُوا. فَقَالَ لَهُمْ كِنَانَةُ بْنُ صُوَيْرَاءَ: «هَلْ تَدْرُونَ لِمَ قَامَ مُحَمَّدٌ ؟ » قَالُوا: لَا وَاللَّهِ مَا نَدْرِي، وَمَا تَدْرِي أَنْتَ ؟ ! قَالَ: بَلَى وَالتَّوْرَاةِ إِنِّي لَأَدْرِي، قَدْ أُخْبِرَ مُحَمَّدٌ بِمَا هَمَمْتُمْ بِهِ مِنَ الْغَدْرِ، فَلَا تَخْدَعُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ، وَاللَّهِ إِنَّهُ لَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ، وَمَا قَامَ إِلَّا أَنَّهُ أُخْبِرَ بِمَا هَمَمْتُمْ بِهِ مِنَ الْغَدْرِ، وَإِنَّهُ لَآخِرُ الْأَنْبِيَاءِ، وَكُنْتُمْ تَطْمَعُونَ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنْ بَنِي هَارُونَ، فَجَعَلَهُ اللَّهُ حَيْثُ شَاءَ. وَإِنَّ كُتُبَنَا وَالَّذِي دَرَسْنَا فِي التَّوْرَاةِ الَّتِي لَمْ تُغَيَّرْ، وَلَمْ تُبَدَّلْ: أَنَّ مَوْلِدَهُ بِمَكَّةَ، وَأَنَّ دَارَ هِجْرَتِهِ يَثْرِبُ، وَصِفَتَهُ بِعَيْنِهَا مَا تُخَالِفُ حَرْفًا مِمَّا فِي كِتَابِنَا، وَمَا يَأْتِيكُمْ بِهِ أَوْلَى فِي مُحَارَبَتِهِ إِيَّاكُمْ، وَلَكَأَنِّي أَنْظُرُ إِلَيْكُمْ ظَاعِنِينَ يَتَضَاغَى صِبْيَانُكُمْ قَدْ تَرَكْتُمْ دَوْرَكُمْ خُلُوفًا وَأَمْوَالَكُمْ، وَإِنَّمَا هِيَ شَرَفُكُمْ، فَأَطِيعُونِي فِي خَصْلَتَيْنِ، وَالثَّالِثَةُ لَا خَيْرَ فِيهَا». قَالُوا: مَا هُمَا ؟ قَالَ: «تُسْلِمُونَ وَتَدْخُلُونَ مَعَ مُحَمَّدٍ، فَتَأْمَنُونَ عَلَى أَمْوَالِكُمْ وَأَوْلَادِكُمْ، وَتَكُونُونَ مِنْ عِلْيَةِ أَصْحَابِهِ، وَتَبْقَى بِأَيْدِيكُمْ أَمْوَالُكُمْ، وَلَا تَخْرُجُونَ مِنْ دِيَارِكُمْ»، قَالُوا: لَا نُفَارِقُ التَّوْرَاةَ وَعَهْدَ مُوسَى. قَالَ: «فَإِنَّهُ مُرْسَلٌ إِلَيْكُمْ: اخْرُجُوا مِنْ بَلَدِي فَقُولُوا: نَعَمْ، فَإِنَّهُ لَا يَسْتَحِلُّ لَكُمْ دَمًا وَلَا مَالًا، وَتَبْقَى أَمْوَالُكُمْ لَكُمْ، إِنْ شِئْتُمْ بِعْتُمْ، وَإِنْ شِئْتُمْ أَمْسَكْتُمْ»، قَالُوا: أَمَّا هَذَا فَنَعَمْ. قَالَ سَلَّامُ بْنُ مِشْكَمٍ: «قَدْ كُنْتُ لِمَا صَنَعْتُمْ كَارِهًا، وَهُوَ مُرْسَلٌ إِلَيْنَا أَنِ اخْرُجُوا مِنْ دَارِي، فَلَا تُعَقِّبْ يَا حُيَيُّ كَلَامَهُ، وَأَنْعِمْ لَهُ بِالْخُرُوجِ، وَاخْرُجْ مِنْ بِلَادِهِ». قَالَ: افْعَلْ، أَنَا أَخْرُجُ. فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْمَدِينَةَ تَبِعَهُ أَصْحَابُهُ، فَلَقُوا رَجُلًا خَارِجًا مِنَ الْمَدِينَةِ، فَسَأَلُوهُ: هَلْ لَقِيتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ ؟ فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ، لَقِيتُهُ بِالْجِسْرِ دَاخِلًا. فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِ، وَفِيمَا أَرَادَ هُوَ وَقَوْمُهُ: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا اذْكُرُوا نِعْمَةَ اللَّهِ عَلَيْكُمْ إِذْ هَمَّ قَوْمٌ أَنْ يَبْسُطُوا إِلَيْكُمْ أَيْدِيَهُمْ فَكَفَّ أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَنْكُمْ وَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ وَعَلَى اللَّهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ
Translation
✧ [Their gathering to cast the rock upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ] And the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went out to Banū al-Naḍīr seeking their assistance with the blood-money for the two ʿĀmirīs whom ʿAmr b. Umayyah al-Ḍamrī had killed, because of the pact that he ﷺ had given them, and there was a pact and alliance between Banū al-Naḍīr and Banū ʿĀmir. With him was a group of his Companions, among them Abū Bakr, ʿUmar, and ʿAlī. They said: "Yes, we will assist you in whatever you wish." Then when some of them were alone with one another and Satan made attractive to them the wretchedness that had been decreed for them, they conspired to kill him ﷺ. Ḥuyayy b. Akhṭab said: "O assembly of Jews, Muḥammad has come to you with a small band of his Companions, not reaching ten—and with him are Abū Bakr, ʿUmar, ʿUthmān, ʿAlī, al-Zubayr, Ṭalḥah, Saʿd b. Muʿādh, Usayd b. al-Ḥuḍayr, and Saʿd b. ʿUbādah—so cast stones upon him from above this house beneath which he is, and kill him. You will not find him more vulnerable than at this hour, for if he is killed, his Companions will scatter from him, and those who were with him from Quraysh will join their sanctuary, while those who are here from al-Aws and al-Khazraj will remain. Whatever you have ever wanted to do on any day of the age, now is the time." ʿAmr b. Jaḥḥāsh—with a fatḥah on the jīm and a doubled ḥāʾ with no dot and a dotted shīn at the end—al-Naḍrī said: "When he appears on the house, I will cast a rock upon him." Sallām b. Mishkam said: "O my people, obey me this time and disobey me for the rest of the age. By Allah, if you do this, he will surely be informed that we have betrayed him, and this is a violation of the pact between us and him. So do not do it." And ʿAmr b. Jaḥḥāsh prepared the rock to send it upon the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and roll it down. When he was about to drop it, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ received the news from heaven of what they intended, so the Messenger of Allah ﷺ rose quickly, as if he needed something, and headed toward Madinah. His Companions remained sitting and conversing, thinking that he had risen to relieve himself. And ʿAbd b. Ḥumayd narrated from ʿIkrimah, who said: While the Jews were engaged in that, a Jew came from Madinah. When he saw his companions conspiring about the Prophet ﷺ, he said to them: "What do you want?" They said: "We want to kill Muḥammad and seize his Companions." He said to them: "And where is Muḥammad?" They said: "This is Muḥammad, nearby." Their companion said to them: "By Allah, I left Muḥammad inside Madinah." Then they were struck with regret. The Companions who were with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ thought the Prophet ﷺ was delayed, and news of him was slow in coming to them. When they despaired of that, Abū Bakr said: "Our remaining here is pointless. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ has gone off for some matter." So they arose in search of him. Ḥuyayy b. Akhṭab said: "Abū al-Qāsim has been hasty. We wanted to fulfill his need and honor him as a guest." And the Jews regretted what they had done. Kinānah b. Ṣuwayrāʾ said to them: "Do you know why Muḥammad arose?" They said: "No, by Allah, we do not know, and do you know?!" He said: "Indeed, by the Torah, I do know. Muḥammad has been informed of the treachery you intended. So do not deceive yourselves. By Allah, he is indeed the Messenger of Allah, and he did not arise except because he was informed of the treachery you intended. He is the last of the prophets, and you were hoping that he would be from the sons of Hārūn, but Allah placed him wherever He willed. And in our books, and in what we have studied in the Torah that has not been altered or changed: his birthplace is Makkah, and the abode of his emigration is Yathrib, and his description is exactly as it is, not differing by a single letter from what is in our Book. What he brings against you is more fitting in his fighting you. It is as if I see you departing, your children wailing, having left your homes empty and your wealth behind—that which is your honor. So obey me in two matters, and the third has no good in it." They said: "What are the two?" He said: "You become Muslims and join with Muḥammad, so you will be safe regarding your wealth and your children, and you will be among the elite of his Companions; your wealth will remain in your hands, and you will not leave your homes." They said: "We will not part with the Torah and the covenant of Moses." He said: "Then he is sent to you: 'Depart from my land,' so say: 'Yes,' for he will not deem it lawful to shed your blood or take your wealth, and your wealth will remain yours; if you wish, you may sell it, and if you wish, you may keep it." They said: "As for this, yes." Sallām b. Mishkam said: "I had been averse to what you have done. He is sent to us: 'Depart from my abode,' so do not dispute his words, O Ḥuyayy. Grant him the departure, and leave his lands." He said: "I will do it. I will depart." When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ entered Madinah, his Companions followed him, and they met a man coming out of Madinah. They asked him: "Did you meet the Messenger of Allah ﷺ?" He said: "Yes, I met him at the bridge, entering." Then Allah, exalted is He, revealed concerning him and what he and his people intended: "O you who have believed, remember the favor of Allah upon you when a people determined to stretch forth their hands toward you, but He withheld their hands from you. And fear Allah. And upon Allah let the believers rely."
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.