Dalil
العربية

Tarikh (al-Tabari) 860

The Prophet's emigration ﷺ

قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: فَلَمَّا أَجْمَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْخُرُوجَ أَتَى أَبَا بَكْرِ بْنِ أَبِي قُحَافَةَ فَخَرَجَا مِنْ خَوْخَةٍ لِأَبِي بَكْرٍ فِي ظَهْرِ بَيْتِهِ. وَقَدْ رَوَى أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ مِنْ طَرِيقِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، قَالَ: بَلَغَنِي أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَمَّا خَرَجَ مِنْ مَكَّةَ مُهَاجِرًا إِلَى اللَّهِ يُرِيدُ الْمَدِينَةَ، قَالَ: " الْحَمْدُ لِلَّهِ الَّذِي خَلَقَنِي وَلَمْ أَكُ شَيْئًا، اللَّهُمَّ أَعْنِي عَلَى هَوْلِ الدُّنْيَا، وَبَوَائِقِ الدَّهْرِ، وَمَصَائِبِ اللَّيَالِي وَالْأَيَّامِ، اللَّهُمَّ اصْحَبْنِي فِي سَفَرِي، وَاخْلُفْنِي فِي أَهْلِي، وَبَارِكْ لِي فِيمَا رَزَقْتَنِي، وَلَكَ فَذَلِّلْنِي، وَعَلَى صَالِحِ خُلُقِي فَقَوِّمِنِي، وَإِلَيْكَ رَبِّ فَحَبِّبْنِي، وَإِلَى النَّاسِ فَلَا تَكِلْنِي، رَبُّ الْمُسْتَضْعَفِينَ، وَأَنْتَ رَبِّي أَعُوذُ بِوَجْهِكَ الْكَرِيمِ الَّذِي أَشْرَقَتْ لَهُ السَّمَاوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ، وَكُشِفَتْ بِهِ الظُّلُمَاتُ، وَصَلَحَ عَلَيْهِ أَمْرُ الْأَوَّلِينَ وَالْآخِرِينَ، أَنْ تُحِلَّ عَلَيَّ غَضَبَكَ، وَتُنْزِلَ بِي سَخَطَكَ، أَعُوذُ بِكَ مِنْ زَوَالِ نِعْمَتِكَ، وَفَجْأَةِ نِقْمَتِكَ، وَتَحَوُّلِ عَافِيَتِكَ، وَجَمِيعِ سَخَطِكَ، لَكَ الْعُتْبَى عِنْدِي خَيْرَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُ، لَا حَوْلَ وَلَا قُوَّةَ إِلَّا بِكَ ". قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: ثُمَّ عَمَدَا إِلَى غَارٍ بِثَوْرٍ - جَبَلٍ بِأَسْفَلَ مَكَّةَ - فَدَخَلَاهُ، وَأَمَرَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ ابْنَهُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَتَسَمَّعَ لَهُمَا مَا يَقُولُ النَّاسُ فِيهِمَا نَهَارَهُ، ثُمَّ يَأْتِيهِمَا إِذَا أَمْسَى بِمَا يَكُونُ فِي ذَلِكَ الْيَوْمِ مِنَ الْخَبَرِ، وَأَمَرَ عَامِرَ بْنَ فُهَيْرَةَ مَوْلَاهُ أَنْ يَرْعَى غَنَمَهُ نَهَارَهُ، ثُمَّ يُرِيحَهَا عَلَيْهِمَا إِذَا أَمْسَى فِي الْغَارِ. فَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ يَكُونُ فِي قُرَيْشٍ نَهَارَهُ مَعَهُمْ، يَسْمَعُ مَا يَأْتَمِرُونَ بِهِ وَمَا يَقُولُونَ فِي شَأْنِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبِي بَكْرٍ، ثُمَّ يَأْتِيهِمَا إِذَا أَمْسَى فَيُخْبِرُهُمَا الْخَبَرَ، وَكَانَ عَامِرُ بْنُ فُهَيْرَةَ يَرْعَى فِي رُعْيَانِ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ، فَإِذَا أَمْسَى أَرَاحَ عَلَيْهِمَا غَنَمَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ فَاحْتَلَبَا وَذَبَحَا، فَإِذَا غَدَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ مِنْ عِنْدِهِمَا إِلَى مَكَّةَ اتَّبَعَ عَامِرُ بْنُ فُهَيْرَةَ أَثَرَهُ بِالْغَنَمِ يُعْفِّي عَلَيْهِ. وَسَيَأْتِي فِي سِيَاقِ الْبُخَارِيِّ مَا يَشْهَدُ لِهَذَا. وَقَدْ حَكَى ابْنُ جَرِيرٍ عَنْ بَعْضِهِمْ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ سَبَقَ الصِّدِّيقَ فِي الذَّهَابِ إِلَى غَارِ ثَوْرٍ، وَأَمَرَ عَلِيًّا أَنْ يَدُلَّهُ عَلَى مَسِيرِهِ لِيَلْحَقَهُ، فَلَحِقَهُ فِي أَثْنَاءِ الطَّرِيقِ. وَهَذَا غَرِيبٌ جِدًّا، وَخِلَافُ الْمَشْهُورِ مِنْ أَنَّهُمَا خَرَجَا مَعًا. قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَتْ أَسْمَاءُ بِنْتُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؓ تَأْتِيهِمَا مِنَ الطَّعَامِ إِذَا أَمْسَتْ بِمَا يُصْلِحُهُمَا. قَالَتْ أَسْمَاءُ: وَلَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ أَتَانَا نَفَرٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ فِيهِمْ أَبُو جَهْلِ بْنُ هِشَامٍ، فَوَقَفُوا عَلَى بَابِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَخَرَجْتُ إِلَيْهِمْ، فَقَالُوا: أَيْنَ أَبُوكِ يَا ابْنَةَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ؟ قَالَتْ: قُلْتُ: لَا أَدْرِي وَاللَّهِ أَيْنَ أَبِي ؟ قَالَتْ: فَرَفَعَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ يَدَهُ - وَكَانَ فَاحِشًا خَبِيثًا - فَلَطَمَ خَدِّي لَطْمَةً طَرَحَ مِنْهَا قُرْطِي، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفُوا. قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّ أَبَاهُ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ جَدَّتِهِ أَسْمَاءَ، قَالَتْ: لَمَّا خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَخَرَجَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَعَهُ، احْتَمَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَالَهُ كُلَّهُ، مَعَهُ خَمْسَةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ أَوْ سِتَّةَ آلَافِ دِرْهَمٍ، فَانْطَلَقَ بِهَا مَعَهُ. قَالَتْ: فَدَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا جَدِّي أَبُو قُحَافَةَ - وَقَدْ ذَهَبَ بَصَرُهُ - فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ إِنِّي لَأَرَاهُ قَدْ فَجَعَكُمْ بِمَالِهِ مَعَ نَفْسِهِ. قَالَتْ: قُلْتُ: كَلَّا يَا أَبَتِ إِنَّهُ قَدْ تَرَكَ لَنَا خَيْرًا كَثِيرًا. قَالَتْ: وَأَخَذْتُ أَحْجَارًا، فَوَضَعْتُهَا فِي كُوَّةٍ فِي الْبَيْتِ الَّذِي كَانَ أَبِي يَضَعُ مَالَهُ فِيهَا، ثُمَّ وَضَعْتُ عَلَيْهَا ثَوْبًا، ثُمَّ أَخَذْتُ بِيَدِهِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا أَبَتِ ضَعْ يَدَكَ عَلَى هَذَا الْمَالِ. قَالَتْ: فَوَضَعَ يَدَهُ عَلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: لَا بَأْسَ إِذْ كَانَ قَدْ تَرَكَ لَكُمْ هَذَا فَقَدَ أَحْسَنَ، وَفِي هَذَا بَلَاغٌ لَكُمْ. وَلَا وَاللَّهِ مَا تَرَكَ لَنَا شَيْئًا، وَلَكِنْ أَرَدْتُ أَنْ أُسَكِّنَ الشَّيْخَ بِذَلِكَ. وَقَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَحَدَّثَنِي بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، أَنَّ الْحَسَنَ بْنَ أَبِي الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيَّ قَالَ: انْتَهَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى الْغَارِ لَيْلًا، فَدَخَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ قَبْلَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَلَمَسَ الْغَارَ; لِيَنْظُرَ أَفِيهِ سَبُعٌ أَوْ حَيَّةٌ، يَقِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِنَفْسِهِ. وَهَذَا فِيهِ انْقِطَاعٌ مِنْ طَرَفَيْهِ. وَقَدْ قَالَ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ الْبَغَوِيُّ: حَدَّثَنَا دَاوُدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الضَّبِّيُّ، ثَنَا نَافِعُ بْنُ عُمَرَ الْجُمَحِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي مُلَيْكَةَ،أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَمَّا خَرَجَ هُوَ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى ثَوْرٍ، فَجَعَلَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ يَكُونُ أَمَامَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ مَرَّةً، وَخَلْفَهُ مَرَّةً، فَسَأَلَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ عَنْ ذَلِكَ، فَقَالَ: إِذَا كُنْتُ خَلْفَكَ خَشِيتُ أَنْ تُؤْتَى مِنْ أَمَامِكَ، وَإِذَا كُنْتُ أَمَامِكَ خَشِيتُ أَنْ تُؤْتَى مِنْ خَلْفِكَ، حَتَّى إِذَا انْتَهَى إِلَى الْغَارِ مِنْ ثَوْرٍ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: كَمَا أَنْتَ حَتَّى أُدْخِلَ يَدِي فَأُحِسَّهُ وَأَقُصَّهُ، فَإِنْ كَانَتْ فِيهِ دَابَّةٌ أَصَابَتْنِي قَبْلَكَ. قَالَ نَافِعٌ: فَبَلَغَنِي أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي الْغَارِ جُحْرٌ فَأَلْقَمَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رِجْلَهُ ذَلِكَ الْجُحْرَ، تَخَوُّفًا أَنْ يَخْرُجَ مِنْهُ دَابَّةٌ أَوْ شَيْءٌ يُؤْذِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ. وَهَذَا مُرْسَلٌ وَقَدْ ذَكَرْنَا لَهُ شَوَاهِدَ أُخَرَ فِي سِيرَةِ الصِّدِّيقِ ؓ. وَقَالَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَافِظُ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، أَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَبَّادٍ، ثَنَا عَفَّانُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، ثَنَا السَّرِيُّ بْنُ يَحْيَى، ثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سِيرِينَ، قَالَ: ذَكَرَ رِجَالٌ عَلَى عَهْدِ عُمْرَ، فَكَأَنَّهُمْ فَضَّلُوا عُمَرَ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ عُمَرَ، فَقَالَ: وَاللَّهِ لَلَيْلَةٌ مِنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ خَيْرٌ مِنْ آلِ عُمَرَ، وَلَيَوْمٌ مِنْ أَبِي بَكْرٍ خَيْرٌ مِنْ آلِ عُمَرَ، لَقَدْ خَرَجَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَيْلَةَ انْطَلَقَ إِلَى الْغَارِ، وَمَعَهُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ فَجَعَلَ يَمْشِي سَاعَةً بَيْنَ يَدَيْهِ، وَسَاعَةً خَلْفَهُ، حَتَّى فَطِنَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ: " يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ، مَا لَكَ تَمْشِي سَاعَةً بَيْنَ يَدَيَّ، وَسَاعَةً خَلْفِي ". فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَذْكُرُ الطَّلَبَ فَأَمْشِي خَلْفَكَ، ثُمَّ أَذْكُرُ الرَّصَدَ فَأَمْشِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْكَ. فَقَالَ: " يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ، لَوْ كَانَ شَيْءٌ لَأَحْبَبْتَ أَنْ يَكُونَ بِكَ دُونِي ؟ " قَالَ: نَعَمْ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ. فَلَمَّا انْتَهَيْنَا إِلَى الْغَارِ، قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: مَكَانَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى أَسْتَبْرِئَ لَكَ الْغَارَ. فَدَخَلَ فَاسْتَبْرَأَهُ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانَ فِي أَعْلَاهُ، ذَكَرَ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَسْتَبْرِئِ الْجِحَرَةَ، فَقَالَ: مَكَانَكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ حَتَّى أَسْتَبْرِئَ. فَدَخَلَ فَاسْتَبْرَأَ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: انْزِلْ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. فَنَزَلَ. ثُمَّ قَالَ عُمَرُ: وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَتِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةُ خَيْرٌ مِنْ آلِ عُمَرَ. وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ مِنْ وَجْهٍ آخَرَ عَنْ عُمَرَ، وَفِيهِ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ جَعَلَ يَمْشِي بَيْنَ يَدَيْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ تَارَةً، وَخَلْفَهُ أُخْرَى، وَعَنْ يَمِينِهِ، وَعَنْ شِمَالِهِ. وَفِيهِ أَنَّهُ لَمَّا حَفِيَتْ رِجْلَا رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَمَلَهُ الصِّدِّيقُ عَلَى كَاهِلِهِ، وَأَنَّهُ لَمَّا دَخَلَ الْغَارَ سَدَّدَ تِلْكَ الْجِحَرَةَ كُلَّهَا، وَبَقِيَ مِنْهَا جُحْرٌ وَاحِدٌ، فَأَلْقَمَهُ كَعْبَهُ، فَجَعَلَتِ الْأَفَاعِي تَنْهَشُهُ وَدُمُوعُهُ تَسِيلُ، فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " لَا تَحْزَنْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَنَا ". وَفِي هَذَا السِّيَاقِ غَرَابَةٌ وَنَكَارَةٌ. ثُمَّ قَالَ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ: أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْحَافِظُ، وَأَبُو سَعِيدٍ ابْنُ أَبِي عَمْرٍو، قَالَا: ثَنَا أَبُو الْعَبَّاسِ الْأَصَمُّ، ثَنَا عَبَّاسٌ الدُّورِيُّ، ثَنَا أَسْوَدُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ شَاذَانُ، ثَنَا إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنِ الْأَسْوَدِ، عَنْ جُنْدُبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي الْغَارِ  فَأَصَابَ يَدَهُ حَجَرٌ، فَقَالَ: إِنْ أَنْتِ إِلَّا أُصْبَعٌ دَمِيتِ وَفِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ مَا لَقِيتِ طلب قريش للنبي ﷺ في الغار وَقَالَ الْحَافِظُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ الْقَاضِي فِي " مُسْنَدِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ": حَدَّثَنَا بَشَّارٌ الْخَفَّافُ، ثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، ثَنَا أَبُو عِمْرَانَ الْجَوْنِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمُعَلَّى بْنُ زِيَادٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ الْبَصْرِيِّ، قَالَ: انْطَلَقَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ إِلَى الْغَارِ، وَجَاءَتْ قُرَيْشٌ يَطْلُبُونَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ، وَكَانُوا إِذَا رَأَوْا عَلَى بَابِ الْغَارِ نَسْجَ الْعَنْكَبُوتِ، قَالُوا: لَمْ يَدْخُلْ أَحَدٌ. وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ قَائِمًا يُصَلِّي وَأَبُو بَكْرٍ يَرْتَقِبُ، فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ: هَؤُلَاءِ قَوْمُكَ يَطْلُبُونَكَ، أَمَا وَاللَّهِ مَا عَلَى نَفْسِي أَبْكِي، وَلَكِنْ مَخَافَةَ أَنْ أَرَى فِيكَ مَا أَكْرَهُ. فَقَالَ لَهُ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: " يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ، لَا تَخَفْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَنَا ". وَهَذَا مُرْسَلٌ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، وَهُوَ حَسَنٌ بِحَالِهِ مِنَ الشَّاهِدِ. وَفِيهِ زِيَادَةُ صَلَاةِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي الْغَارِ، وَقَدْ كَانَ، عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ، إِذَا حَزَبَهُ أَمْرٌ صَلَّى. وَرَوَى هَذَا الرَّجُلُ - أَعْنِي أَبَا بَكْرٍ أَحْمَدَ بْنَ عَلِيٍّ الْقَاضِيَ - عَنْ عَمْرٍو النَّاقِدِ، عَنْ خَلَفِ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ مُطَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ قَالَ لِابْنِهِ: يَا بُنَيَّ، إِذَا حَدَثَ فِي النَّاسِ حَدَثٌ، فَأْتِ الْغَارَ الَّذِي اخْتَبَأَتُ فِيهِ أَنَا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَكُنْ فِيهِ; فَإِنَّهُ سَيَأْتِيكَ رِزْقُكَ فِيهِ بُكْرَةً وَعَشِيًّا. وَقَدْ نَظَمَ بَعْضُهُمْ هَذَا فِي شِعْرِهِ حَيْثُ يَقُولُ: نَسْجُ دَاوُدَ مَا حَمَى صَاحِبَ الْغَا     رِ وَكَانَ الْفَخَارُ لِلْعَنْكَبُوتِ وَقَدْ وَرَدَ أَنَّ حَمَامَتَيْنِ عَشَّشَتَا عَلَى بَابِهِ أَيْضًا، وَقَدْ نَظَمَ ذَلِكَ الصَّرْصَرِيُّ فِي شِعْرِهِ حَيْثُ يَقُولُ: فَغَمَّى عَلَيْهِ الْعَنْكَبُوتُ بِنَسْجِهِ     وَظَلَّ عَلَى الْبَابِ الْحَمَامُ يَبِيضُ وَالْحَدِيثُ بِذَلِكَ رَوَاهُ الْحَافِظُ ابْنُ عَسَاكِرَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ يَحْيَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ صَاعِدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ثَنَا عَوْنُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو أَبُو عَمْرٍو الْقَيْسِيُّ - وَيُلَقَّبُ عُوَيْنًا - حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو مُصْعَبٍ الْمَكِّيُّ، قَالَ: أَدْرَكْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ أَرْقَمَ، وَالْمُغِيرَةَ بْنَ شُعْبَةَ، وَأَنَسَ بْنَ مَالِكٍ، يَذْكُرُونَ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ لَيْلَةَ الْغَارِ أَمَرَ اللَّهُ شَجَرَةً فَخَرَجَتْ فِي وَجْهِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ تَسْتُرُهُ، وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ بَعَثَ الْعَنْكَبُوتَ فَنَسَجَتْ مَا بَيْنَهُمَا فَسَتَرَتْ وَجْهَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ حَمَامَتَيْنِ وَحْشِيَّتَيْنِ، فَأَقْبَلَتَا تَدُفَّانِ حَتَّى وَقَعَتَا بَيْنَ الْعَنْكَبُوتِ وَبَيْنَ الشَّجَرَةِ، وَأَقْبَلَتْ فِتْيَانُ قُرَيْشٍ مِنْ كُلِّ بَطْنٍ مِنْهُمْ رَجُلٌ، مَعَهُمْ عِصِيُّهُمْ وَقِسِيُّهُمْ وَهِرَاوَاتُهُمْ، حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْرَ مِائَتَيْ ذِرَاعٍ، قَالَ الدَّلِيلُ - وَهُوَ سُرَاقَةُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ بْنِ جُعْشُمٍ الْمُدْلِجِيُّ - هَذَا الْحَجَرُ، ثُمَّ لَا أَدْرِي أَيْنَ وَضَعَ رِجْلَهُ. فَقَالَ الْفِتْيَانُ: أَنْتَ لَمْ تُخْطِئْ مُنْذُ اللَّيْلَةِ. حَتَّى إِذَا أَصْبَحْنَا قَالَ: انْظُرُوا فِي الْغَارِ. فَاسْتَقْدَمَ الْقَوْمَ حَتَّى إِذَا كَانُوا مِنَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَدْرَ خَمْسِينَ ذِرَاعًا، فَإِذَا الْحَمَامَتَانِ، فَرَجَعَ فَقَالُوا: مَا رَدَّكَ أَنْ تَنْظُرَ فِي الْغَارِ ؟ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ حَمَامَتَيْنِ وَحْشِيَّتَيْنِ بِفَمِ الْغَارِ، فَعَرَفَتْ أَنْ لَيْسَ فِيهِ أَحَدٌ. فَسَمِعَهَا النَّبِيُّ ﷺ فَعَرَفَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ دَرَأَ عَنْهُمَا بِهِمَا، فَسَمَّتَ عَلَيْهِمَا - أَيْ بَرَّكَ عَلَيْهِمَا - وَأَحْدَرَهُمَا اللَّهُ إِلَى الْحَرَمِ فَأَفْرَخَا كَمَا تَرَى. وَهَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ جِدًّا مِنْ هَذَا الْوَجْهِ. وَقَدْ رَوَاهُ الْحَافِظُ أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، مِنْ حَدِيثِ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَغَيْرِهِ، عَنْ عَوْنِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو - وَهُوَ الْمُلَقَّبُ بِعُوَيْنٍ - بِإِسْنَادِهِ مِثْلَهُ، وَفِيهِ أَنَّ جَمِيعَ حَمَامِ مَكَّةَ مِنْ نَسْلِ تَيْنِكَ الْحَمَامَتَيْنِ، وَفِي هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ أَنَّ الْقَائِفَ الَّذِي اقْتَفَى لَهُمُ الْأَثَرَ سُرَاقَةُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ الْمُدْلَجِيُّ وَقَدْ رَوَى الْوَاقِدِيُّ عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ أَنَّ الَّذِي اقْتَفَى لَهُمُ الْأَثَرَ كُرْزُ بْنُ عَلْقَمَةَ. قُلْتُ: وَيُحْتَمَلُ أَنْ يَكُونَا جَمِيعًا اقْتَفَيَا الْأَثَرَ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَقَدْ قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: إِلَّا تَنْصُرُوهُ فَقَدْ نَصَرَهُ اللَّهُ إِذْ أَخْرَجَهُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا ثَانِيَ اثْنَيْنِ إِذْ هُمَا فِي الْغَارِ إِذْ يَقُولُ لِصَاحِبِهِ لَا تَحْزَنْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ مَعَنَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ سَكِينَتَهُ عَلَيْهِ وَأَيَّدَهُ بِجُنُودٍ لَمْ تَرَوْهَا وَجَعَلَ كَلِمَةَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا السُّفْلَى وَكَلِمَةُ اللَّهِ هِيَ الْعُلْيَا وَاللَّهُ عَزِيزٌ حَكِيمٌ [ التَّوْبَةِ: 40 ] يَقُولُ تَعَالَى مُؤَنِّبًا لِمَنْ تَخَلَّفَ عَنِ الْجِهَادِ مَعَ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ إِلَّا تَنْصُرُوهُ أَنْتُمْ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ نَاصِرُهُ، وَمُؤَيِّدُهُ، وَمُظْفِرُهُ، كَمَا نَصَرَهُ إِذْ أَخْرَجَهُ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا مِنْ أَهْلِ مَكَّةَ هَارِبًا لَيْسَ مَعَهُ غَيْرُ صَاحِبِهِ، وَصَدِيقِهِ أَبِي بَكْرٍ، لَيْسَ مَعَهُ غَيْرُهُ; وَلِهَذَا قَالَ: ثَانِيَ اثْنَيْنِ إِذْ هُمَا فِي الْغَارِ أَيْ: وَقَدْ لَجَأَ إِلَى الْغَارِ، فَأَقَامَا فِيهِ ثَلَاثَةَ أَيَّامٍ لِيَسْكُنَ الطَّلَبُ عَنْهُمَا; وَذَلِكَ لِأَنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ حِينَ فَقَدُوهُمَا كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ، ذَهَبُوا فِي طَلَبِهِمَا كُلَّ مَذْهَبٍ مِنْ سَائِرِ الْجِهَاتِ، وَجَعَلُوا لِمَنْ رَدَّهُمَا أَوْ أَحَدَهُمَا مِائَةً مِنَ الْإِبِلِ، وَاقْتَصُّوا آثَارَهُمَا حَتَّى اخْتَلَطَ عَلَيْهِمْ، وَكَانَ الَّذِي يَقْتَصُّ الْأَثَرَ لِقُرَيْشٍ سُرَاقَةَ بْنَ مَالِكِ بْنِ جُعْشُمٍ، كَمَا تَقَدَّمَ، فَصَعِدُوا الْجَبَلَ الَّذِي هُمَا فِيهِ، وَجَعَلُوا يَمُرُّونَ عَلَى بَابِ الْغَارِ، فَتُحَاذِي أَرْجُلُهُمْ لِبَابِ الْغَارِ وَلَا يَرَوْنَهُمَا; حِفْظًا مِنَ اللَّهِ لَهُمَا، كَمَا قَالَ الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ: حَدَّثَنَا عَفَّانُ، ثَنَا هَمَّامٌ، أَنَا ثَابِتٌ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ حَدَّثَهُ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَنَحْنُ فِي الْغَارِ: لَوْ أَنَّ أَحَدَهُمْ نَظَرَ إِلَى قَدَمَيْهِ لَأَبْصَرَنَا تَحْتَ قَدَمَيْهِ. فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ، مَا ظَنُّكَ بِاثْنَيْنِ اللَّهُ ثَالِثُهُمَا. وَأَخْرَجَهُ الْبُخَارِيُّ وَمُسْلِمٌ فِي " صَحِيحَيْهِمَا " مِنْ حَدِيثِ هَمَّامٍ بِهِ. وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ السِّيَرِ أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ لَمَّا قَالَ ذَلِكَ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ: " لَوْ جَاءُونَا مِنْ هَاهُنَا لَذَهَبْنَا مِنْ هُنَا ". فَنَظَرَ الصِّدِّيقُ إِلَى الْغَارِ قَدِ انْفَرَجَ مِنَ الْجَانِبِ الْآخَرِ، وَإِذَا الْبَحْرُ قَدِ اتَّصَلَ بِهِ، وَسَفِينَةٌ مَشْدُودَةٌ إِلَى جَانِبِهِ. وَهَذَا لَيْسَ بِمُنْكَرٍ مِنْ حَيْثُ الْقُدْرَةُ الْعَظِيمَةُ، وَلَكِنْ لَمْ يَرِدْ ذَلِكَ بِإِسْنَادٍ قَوِيٍّ وَلَا ضَعِيفٍ، وَلَسْنَا نُثْبِتُ شَيْئًا مِنْ تِلْقَاءِ أَنْفُسِنَا، وَلَكِنْ مَا صَحَّ أَوْ حَسُنَ سَنَدُهُ قُلْنَا بِهِ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَقَدْ قَالَ الْحَافِظُ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الْبَزَّارُ: حَدَّثَنَا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ، ثَنَا خَلَفُ بْنُ تَمِيمٍ، ثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ مُطَيْرٍ الْقُرَشِيُّ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ أَبَا بَكْرٍ قَالَ: لِابْنِهِ: يَا بُنَيَّ إِنْ حَدَثَ فِي النَّاسِ حَدَثٌ فَأْتِ الْغَارَ الَّذِي رَأَيْتَنِي اخْتَبَأْتُ فِيهِ أَنَا وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَكُنْ فِيهِ فَإِنَّهُ سَيَأْتِيكَ فِيهِ رِزْقُكَ غُدْوَةً وَعَشِيَّةً. ثُمَّ قَالَ الْبَزَّارُ: لَا نَعْلَمُ يَرْوِيهِ غَيْرُ خَلَفِ بْنِ تَمِيمٍ. قُلْتُ: وَمُوسَى بْنُ مُطَيْرٍ هَذَا ضَعِيفٌ مَتْرُوكٌ، كَذَّبَهُ يَحْيَى بْنُ مَعِينٍ فَلَا يُقْبَلُ حَدِيثُهُ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ. وَقَدْ ذَكَرَ يُونُسُ بْنُ بُكَيْرٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، أَنَّ الصِّدِّيقَ قَالَ فِي دُخُولِهِمَا الْغَارَ، وَسَيْرِهِمَا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ، وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ قِصَّةِ سُرَاقَةَ، كَمَا سَيَأْتِي، شِعْرًا فَمِنْهُ قَوْلُهُ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ وَلَمْ أَجْزَعْ يُوَقِّرُنِي     وَنَحْنُ فِي سُدَفٍ مِنْ ظُلْمَةِ الْغَارِ لَا تَخْشَ شَيْئًا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ ثَالِثُنَا     وَقَدْ تَوَكَّلَ لِي مِنْهُ بِإِظْهَارِ وَقَدْ رَوَى أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ هَذِهِ الْقَصِيدَةَ مِنْ طَرِيقِ زِيَادٍ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، فَذَكَرَهَا مُطَوَّلَةً جِدًّا، وَذَكَرَ مَعَهَا قَصِيدَةً أُخْرَى، وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.

Translation

✧ Ibn Isḥāq said: When the Messenger of God ﷺ resolved to depart, he came to Abū Bakr b. Abī Quḥāfah, and they went out through a small side door belonging to Abū Bakr at the back of his house. Abū Nuʿaym narrated from the route of Ibrāhīm b. Saʿd, from Muḥammad b. Isḥāq, who said: It has reached me that when the Messenger of God ﷺ set out from Makkah as an emigrant to God, intending al-Madīnah, he said: "Praise be to God who created me when I was nothing. O God, help me against the terror of this world, the calamities of time, and the misfortunes of nights and days. O God, accompany me in my journey, be my successor among my family, bless me in what You have provided me, humble me for Your sake, set aright my virtuous character for Your sake, make me beloved to You, my Lord, and do not entrust me to people. Lord of the downtrodden, You are my Lord. I seek refuge in Your noble face, by which the heavens and the earth are illumined, by which darkness is dispelled, and upon which the affair of the first and the last is set right, from Your letting Your wrath descend upon me and Your sending down Your displeasure upon me. I seek refuge in You from the removal of Your favor, the suddenness of Your vengeance, the turning away of Your well-being, and all of Your displeasure. To You belongs the utmost apology within my power. There is no might and no power except with You." Ibn Isḥāq said: Then they made for a cave in Thawr—a mountain at the lower part of Makkah—and entered it. Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq commanded his son ʿAbd Allāh to listen during the day to what people were saying about them, then to come to them at nightfall with whatever news there was that day. He commanded ʿĀmir b. Fuhayrah, his freedman, to graze his sheep during the day, then to bring them back to them at nightfall in the cave. ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Bakr would spend his day among Quraysh with them, listening to what they were plotting and what they were saying concerning the Messenger of God ﷺ and Abū Bakr, then he would come to them at nightfall and tell them the news. ʿĀmir b. Fuhayrah would graze among the flocks of the people of Makkah, and at nightfall he would bring Abū Bakr's sheep back to them, and they would milk and slaughter. When ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Bakr left them in the morning for Makkah, ʿĀmir b. Fuhayrah would follow his tracks with the sheep, effacing them. What will come in al-Bukhārī's narration will support this. Ibn Jarīr related from some of them that the Messenger of God ﷺ preceded al-Ṣiddīq in going to the cave of Thawr, and he commanded ʿAlī to guide him to his route so that he might catch up with him, and he caught up with him along the way. This is very strange and contrary to what is well known, that they went out together. Ibn Isḥāq said: Asmāʾ bt. Abī Bakr ؓ used to bring them food at nightfall, whatever was suitable for them. Asmāʾ said: When the Messenger of God ﷺ and Abū Bakr went out, a group of Quraysh came to us, among them Abū Jahl b. Hishām. They stood at the door of Abū Bakr, and I went out to them. They said: Where is your father, O daughter of Abū Bakr? I said: By God, I do not know where my father is. She said: Abū Jahl raised his hand—he was foul and wicked—and slapped my cheek with a blow that knocked off my earring. Then they left. Ibn Isḥāq said: Yaḥyā b. ʿAbbād b. ʿAbd Allāh b. al-Zubayr narrated to me that his father narrated to him from his grandmother Asmāʾ, who said: When the Messenger of God ﷺ departed and Abū Bakr departed with him, Abū Bakr took all his wealth with him—five thousand dirhams or six thousand dirhams—and went off with it. She said: My grandfather Abū Quḥāfah entered upon us—he had lost his sight—and said: By God, I think he has grieved you by taking his wealth with him. She said: I said: Not at all, my father; he has left us much good. She said: I took stones and placed them in a niche in the house where my father used to keep his wealth, then I put a cloth over them. Then I took his hand and said: Father, put your hand on this wealth. She said: He put his hand on it and said: No harm; if he has left you this, he has done well, and in this is sufficiency for you. By God, he left us nothing, but I wanted to reassure the old man with that. Ibn Hishām said: Some of the people of knowledge narrated to me that al-Ḥasan b. Abī al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī said: The Messenger of God ﷺ and Abū Bakr reached the cave at night. Abū Bakr entered before the Messenger of God ﷺ and felt the cave with his hand to see whether there was a wild beast or a snake in it, protecting the Messenger of God ﷺ with his own self. This has interruption on both its ends. Abū al-Qāsim al-Baghawī said: Dāwūd b. ʿAmr al-Ḍabbī narrated to us: Nāfiʿ b. ʿUmar al-Jumaḥī narrated to us, from Ibn Abī Mulaykah, that when the Prophet ﷺ went out with Abū Bakr to Thawr, Abū Bakr would sometimes be in front of the Prophet ﷺ and sometimes behind him. The Prophet ﷺ asked him about that. He said: When I am behind you, I fear that you may be attacked from the front, and when I am in front of you, I fear that you may be attacked from behind. When they reached the cave at Thawr, Abū Bakr said: Stay where you are until I put my hand in and feel it and inspect it; if there is a creature in it, it will strike me before you. Nāfiʿ said: It has reached me that there was a hole in the cave, so Abū Bakr placed his foot over that hole, fearing that a creature or something harmful to the Messenger of God ﷺ might come out of it. This is mursal, and we have mentioned other supporting reports for it in the biography of al-Ṣiddīq ؓ. Al-Bayhaqī said: Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥāfiẓ informed us: Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. Isḥāq informed us: Mūsā b. al-Ḥasan b. ʿAbbād narrated to us: ʿAffān b. Muslim narrated to us: al-Sarī b. Yaḥyā narrated to us: Muḥammad b. Sīrīn narrated to us, saying: Some men in the time of ʿUmar mentioned [the two], and it was as though they preferred ʿUmar over Abū Bakr. That reached ʿUmar, and he said: By God, one night of Abū Bakr is better than the family of ʿUmar, and one day of Abū Bakr is better than the family of ʿUmar. The Messenger of God ﷺ went out on the night he set off for the cave, and Abū Bakr was with him. He would walk sometimes in front of him and sometimes behind him, until the Messenger of God ﷺ noticed and said: "O Abū Bakr, why do you walk sometimes in front of me and sometimes behind me?" He said: O Messenger of God, I think of the pursuers and I walk behind you; then I think of an ambush and I walk in front of you. He said: "O Abū Bakr, if something were to happen, would you prefer it to befall you rather than me?" He said: Yes, by the One who sent you with the truth. When we reached the cave, Abū Bakr said: Stay where you are, O Messenger of God, until I check the cave for you. He entered and examined it, and when he was in its upper part, he remembered that he had not checked the holes. He said: Stay where you are, O Messenger of God, until I examine it. He entered and examined it, then said: Come down, O Messenger of God. So he came down. Then ʿUmar said: By the One in whose hand is my soul, that night is better than the family of ʿUmar. Al-Bayhaqī narrated it from another route from ʿUmar, in which it is mentioned that Abū Bakr would walk sometimes in front of the Messenger of God ﷺ, sometimes behind him, and sometimes on his right and sometimes on his left. It also mentions that when the feet of the Messenger of God ﷺ became sore, al-Ṣiddīq carried him on his shoulders, and that when he entered the cave, he plugged all those holes, but one hole remained, and he placed his heel over it. Snakes began to bite him while his tears flowed. The Messenger of God ﷺ said to him: "Do not grieve; God is with us." In this account there is strangeness and unfamiliarity. Then al-Bayhaqī said: Abū ʿAbd Allāh al-Ḥāfiẓ and Abū Saʿīd b. Abī ʿAmr informed us, both saying: Abū al-ʿAbbās al-Aṣamm narrated to us: ʿAbbās al-Dūrī narrated to us: Aswad b. ʿĀmir Shādhān narrated to us: Isrāʾīl narrated to us, from al-Aswad, from Jundub b. ʿAbd Allāh, who said: Abū Bakr was with the Messenger of God ﷺ in the cave, and a stone struck his hand, and he said: You are but a finger that has bled, And in the path of God is whatever you have met. The pursuit of Quraysh for the Prophet ﷺ at the cave Al-Ḥāfiẓ Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. ʿAlī b. Saʿīd al-Qāḍī said in his Musnad of Abū Bakr: Bashshār al-Khaffāf narrated to us: Jaʿfar b. Sulaymān narrated to us: Abū ʿImrān al-Jawnī narrated to us: al-Muʿallā b. Ziyād narrated to us, from al-Ḥasan al-Baṣrī, who said: The Prophet ﷺ and Abū Bakr went off to the cave, and Quraysh came seeking the Prophet ﷺ. When they saw the spider's web at the mouth of the cave, they said: No one has entered. The Prophet ﷺ was standing in prayer, and Abū Bakr was keeping watch. Abū Bakr said to the Prophet ﷺ: These are your people seeking you. By God, I am not weeping for myself, but I fear that I may see in you what I would hate. The Prophet ﷺ said to him: "O Abū Bakr, do not be afraid; God is with us." This is mursal from al-Ḥasan, and it is fair in its state as a supporting report. It contains the addition of the Prophet's ﷺ praying in the cave, and he ﷺ used to pray when something distressed him. This same man—I mean Abū Bakr Aḥmad b. ʿAlī al-Qāḍī—narrated from ʿAmr al-Nāqid, from Khalaf b. Tamīm, from Mūsā b. Muṭayr, from his father, from Abū Hurayrah, that Abū Bakr said to his son: O my son, if something happens among the people, go to the cave in which I and the Messenger of God ﷺ hid, and stay in it, for your provision will come to you in it morning and evening. Some have versified this in their poetry, saying: Dāwūd's weaving did not protect the companion of the cave, And the honor was for the spider. It has been reported that two doves also nested at its entrance. Al-Ṣarṣarī versified that in his poetry, saying: The spider concealed him with its weaving, And doves remained on the door laying eggs. The ḥadīth about that was narrated by al-Ḥāfiẓ Ibn ʿAsākir from the route of Yaḥyā b. Muḥammad b. Ṣāʿid, who said: ʿAmr b. ʿAlī narrated to us: ʿAwn b. ʿAmr Abū ʿAmr al-Qaysī—and he was nicknamed ʿUwayn—narrated to us: Abū Muṣʿab al-Makkī narrated to me, saying: I met Zayd b. Arqam, al-Mughīrah b. Shuʿbah, and Anas b. Mālik, mentioning that on the night of the cave, God commanded a tree, and it came out in front of the Prophet ﷺ to conceal him, and that God sent the spider, and it wove between them and concealed the face of the Messenger of God ﷺ, and God commanded two wild doves, and they came fluttering until they alighted between the spider and the tree. The young men of Quraysh came—one man from each clan—with their staffs, bows, and clubs, until they were about two hundred cubits from the Messenger of God ﷺ. The tracker—who was Surāqah b. Mālik b. Juʿshum al-Mudlijī—said: This is the rock; then I do not know where he set his foot. The young men said: You have not erred since last night. When morning came, he said: Look in the cave. He went ahead of the people until they were about fifty cubits from the Prophet ﷺ, and there were the two doves. He turned back, and they said: What made you turn back from looking in the cave? He said: I saw two wild doves at the mouth of the cave, so I knew that no one was inside. The Prophet ﷺ heard them and knew that God had warded them off by means of them, and he blessed them (i.e., invoked blessing upon them). God brought them down to the sanctuary, and they hatched young as you see. This is a very strange ḥadīth from this route. Al-Ḥāfiẓ Abū Nuʿaym narrated it from the ḥadīth of Muslim b. Ibrāhīm and others, from ʿAwn b. ʿAmr—who is nicknamed ʿUwayn—with his chain, the like of it, and in it is mentioned that all the doves of Makkah are from the offspring of those two doves. In this ḥadīth, the tracker who followed the tracks for them was Surāqah b. Mālik al-Mudlijī. Al-Wāqidī narrated from Mūsā b. Muḥammad b. Ibrāhīm, from his father, that the one who followed the tracks for them was Kurz b. ʿAlqamah. I say: It is possible that both of them followed the tracks. And God knows best. God the Exalted said: If you do not help him, God has already helped him when those who disbelieved drove him out, one of two, when they were in the cave, when he said to his companion, "Do not grieve; God is with us." Then God sent down His tranquility upon him and supported him with hosts you did not see, and made the word of those who disbelieved the lowest, while the word of God—it is the highest. And God is Mighty and Wise [Qurʾān 9:40]. He says, the Exalted, rebuking those who held back from jihād with the Messenger ﷺ: If you do not help him, then God is his helper, supporter, and victor, just as He helped him when those who disbelieved from the people of Makkah drove him out as a fugitive, with no one but his companion and friend Abū Bakr, none other with him. For this reason He said: one of two, when they were in the cave—that is, he had taken refuge in the cave, and they stayed in it for three days so that the search for them might subside. That was because when the polytheists lost them as previously mentioned, they went in every direction seeking them, and they set a hundred camels as a reward for whoever brought them back or one of them. They followed their tracks until they became confused. The one who followed the tracks for Quraysh was Surāqah b. Mālik b. Juʿshum, as previously mentioned. They climbed the mountain where the two were, and they passed by the mouth of the cave, their feet coming level with the cave's mouth but not seeing them, as a protection from God for them. As Imām Aḥmad said: ʿAffān narrated to us: Hammām narrated to us: Thābit informed us, from Anas b. Mālik, that Abū Bakr narrated to him, saying: I said to the Prophet ﷺ while we were in the cave: If one of them looked down at his feet, he would see us beneath his feet. He said: "O Abū Bakr, what do you think of two when God is their third?" Al-Bukhārī and Muslim included it in their Ṣaḥīḥs from the ḥadīth of Hammām. Some of the people of biography have mentioned that when Abū Bakr said that, the Prophet ﷺ said: "If they come to us from here, we will go out from there." Al-Ṣiddīq looked at the cave, and it had opened up on the other side, and the sea had reached it, and a ship was tied to its side. This is not impossible from the standpoint of the great divine power, but that has not been transmitted with a strong or weak chain, and we do not affirm anything from our own minds, but only what is authentic or whose chain is good do we accept. And God knows best. Al-Ḥāfiẓ Abū Bakr al-Bazzār said: al-Faḍl b. Sahl narrated to us: Khalaf b. Tamīm narrated to us: Mūsā b. Muṭayr al-Qurashī narrated to us, from his father, from Abū Hurayrah, that Abū Bakr said to his son: O my son, if something happens among the people, go to the cave in which you saw me hide with the Messenger of God ﷺ, and stay in it, for your provision will come to you in it morning and evening. Then al-Bazzār said: We do not know anyone who narrated it other than Khalaf b. Tamīm. I say: This Mūsā b. Muṭayr is weak and abandoned; Yaḥyā b. Maʿīn called him a liar, so his ḥadīth is not accepted. And God knows best. Yūnus b. Bukayr mentioned, from Muḥammad b. Isḥāq, that al-Ṣiddīq said, concerning their entering the cave and their journey after that, and what happened in the story of Surāqah as will come, poetry, part of which is his saying: The Prophet ﷺ said, and I was not dismayed, he honors me, while we are in a darkness of the cave's gloom: "Fear nothing, for Allah is our Third, and He has assured me of His manifesting." Abū Nuʿaym narrated this poem through Ziyād from Muḥammad b. Isḥāq and cited it at great length, and along with it he cited another poem. And Allah knows best.

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