Tarikh (al-Tabari) 846
The second pledge of al-Aqabah and what occurred therein
[ غُدُوُّ قُرَيْشٍ عَلَى الْأَنْصَارِ فِي شَأْنِ الْبَيْعَةِ ] ( قَالَ ): فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحْنَا غَدَتْ عَلَيْنَا جُلَّةُ قُرَيْشٍ، حَتَّى جَاءُونَا فِي مَنَازِلِنَا، فَقَالُوا: يَا مَعْشَرَ الْخَزْرَجِ، إنَّهُ قَدْ بَلَغَنَا أَنَّكُمْ قَدْ جِئْتُمْ إلَى صَاحِبِنَا هَذَا تَسْتَخْرِجُونَهُ مِنْ بَيْنِ أَظْهُرِنَا، وَتُبَايِعُونَهُ عَلَى حَرْبِنَا، وَإِنَّهُ وَاَللَّهِ مَا مِنْ حَيٍّ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ أَبْغَضُ إلَيْنَا، أَنْ تَنْشَبَ الْحَرْبُ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُمْ، مِنْكُمْ. قَالَ: فَانْبَعَثَ مَنْ هُنَاكَ مِنْ مُشْرِكِي قَوْمِنَا يَحْلِفُونَ بِاَللَّهِ مَا كَانَ مِنْ هَذَا شَيْءٌ، وَمَا عَلِمْنَاهُ. قَالَ: وَقَدْ صَدَقُوا، لَمْ يَعْلَمُوهُ. قَالَ: وَبَعْضُنَا يَنْظُرُ إلَى بَعْضٍ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ قَامَ الْقَوْمُ، وَفِيهِمْ الْحَارِثُ بْنُ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ الْمَخْزُومِيُّ، وَعَلَيْهِ نَعْلَانِ لَهُ جَدِيدَانِ قَالَ فَقُلْتُ لَهُ كَلِمَةً - كَأَنِّي أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَشْرَكَ الْقَوْمَ بِهَا فِيمَا قَالُوا -: يَا أَبَا جَابِرٍ، أَمَا تَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ تَتَّخِذَ، وَأَنْتَ سَيِّدٌ مِنْ سَادَاتِنَا، مِثْلَ نَعْلَيْ هَذَا الْفَتَى مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ ؟ قَالَ: فَسَمِعَهَا الْحَارِثُ، فَخَلَعَهُمَا مِنْ رِجْلَيْهِ ثُمَّ رَمَى بِهِمَا إلَيَّ، وَقَالَ: وَاَللَّهِ لِتَنْتَعِلَنَّهُمَا. قَالَ: يَقُولُ: أَبُو جَابِرٍ: مَهْ، أَحْفَظْتَ وَاَللَّهِ الْفَتَى، فَارْدُدْ إلَيْهِ نَعْلَيْهِ. قَالَ: قُلْتُ: وَاَللَّهِ لَا أَرُدُّهُمَا، فَأْلٌ وَاَللَّهِ صَالِحٌ، لَئِنْ صَدَقَ الْفَأْلُ لَأَسْلُبَنَّهُ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ: أَنَّهُمْ أَتَوْا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ أُبَيِّ بْنِ سَلُولَ فَقَالُوا لَهُ مِثْلَ مَا قَالَ كَعْبٌ مِنْ الْقَوْلِ، فَقَالَ لَهُمْ: ( وَاَللَّهِ ) إنَّ هَذَا الْأَمْرَ جَسِيمٌ مَا كَانَ قَوْمِي لِيَتَفَوَّتُوا عَلَيَّ بِمِثْلِ هَذَا، وَمَا عَلِمْتُهُ كَانَ. قَالَ: فَانْصَرَفُوا عَنْهُ. [ خُرُوجُ قُرَيْشٍ فِي طَلَبِ الْأَنْصَارِ ] قَالَ: وَنَفَرَ النَّاسُ مِنْ كُلِّ مِنًى، فَتَنَطَّسَ الْقَوْمُ الْخَبَرَ، فَوَجَدُوهُ قَدْ كَانَ، وَخَرَجُوا فِي طَلَبِ الْقَوْمِ، فَأَدْرَكُوا سَعْدَ بْنَ عُبَادَةَ بِأَذَاخِرَ وَالْمُنْذِرَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو، أَخَا بَنِي سَاعِدَةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ، وَكِلَاهُمَا كَانَ نَقِيبًا. فَأَمَّا الْمُنْذِرُ فَأَعْجَزَ الْقَوْمَ وَأَمَّا سَعْدٌ فَأَخَذُوهُ، فَرَبَطُوا يَدَيْهِ إلَى عُنُقِهِ بِنِسْعِ رَحْلِهِ، ثُمَّ أَقْبَلُوا بِهِ حَتَّى أَدْخَلُوهُ مَكَّةَ يَضْرِبُونَهُ، وَيَجْذِبُونَهُ بِجُمَّتِهِ وَكَانَ ذَا شَعَرٍ كَثِيرٍ. [ خَلَاصُ ابْنِ عُبَادَةَ مِنْ أَسْرِ قُرَيْشٍ ، وَمَا قِيلَ فِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ شِعْرٍ ] قَالَ سَعْدٌ: فَوَاَللَّهِ إنِّي لَفِي أَيْدِيهمْ إذْ طَلَعَ عَلَيَّ نَفَرٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، فِيهِمْ رَجُلٌ وَضِيءٌ أَبْيَضُ، شَعْشَاعٌ حُلْوٌ مِنْ الرِّجَالِ قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي: إنْ يَكُ عِنْدَ أَحَدٍ مِنْ الْقَوْمِ خَيْرٌ، فَعِنْدَ هَذَا، قَالَ: فَلَمَّا دَنَا مِنِّي رَفَعَ يَدَهُ فَلَكَمَنِي لَكْمَةً شَدِيدَةً. قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي: لَا وَاَللَّهِ مَا عِنْدَهُمْ بَعْدَ هَذَا مِنْ خَيْرٍ. قَالَ: فَوَاَللَّهِ إنِّي لَفِي أَيْدِيهِمْ يَسْحَبُونَنِي إذْ أَوَى لِي رَجُلٌ مِمَّنْ كَانَ مَعَهُمْ، فَقَالَ وَيْحَكَ أَمَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَ أَحَدٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ جِوَارٌ وَلَا عَهْدٌ ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: بَلَى، وَاَللَّهِ، لَقَدْ كُنْتُ أُجِيرُ لِجُبَيْرِ بْنِ مُطْعِمِ بْنِ عَدِيِّ بْنِ نَوْفَلِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ تِجَارَةً، وَأَمْنَعُهُمْ مِمَّنْ أَرَادَ ظُلْمَهُمْ بِبِلَادِي، وَلِلْحَارِثِ بْنِ حَرْبِ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافٍ قَالَ: وَيْحَكَ فَاهْتِفْ بِاسْمِ الرَّجُلَيْنِ، وَاذْكُرْ مَا بَيْنَكَ وَبَيْنَهُمَا. قَالَ: فَفَعَلْتُ، وَخَرَجَ ذَلِكَ الرَّجُلُ إلَيْهِمَا، فَوَجَدَهُمَا فِي الْمَسْجِدِ عِنْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ، فَقَالَ لَهُمَا: إنَّ رَجُلًا مِنْ الْخَزْرَجِ الْآنَ يُضْرَبُ بِالْأَبْطَحِ وَيَهْتِفُ بِكُمَا، وَيَذْكُرُ أَنَّ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَكُمَا جِوَارًا ؟ قَالَا: وَمَنْ هُوَ ؟ قَالَ سَعْدُ بْنُ عُبَادَةَ؛ قَالَا: صَدَقَ وَاَللَّهِ إنْ كَانَ لَيُجِيرُ لَنَا تِجَارَنَا، وَيَمْنَعُهُمْ أَنْ يُظْلَمُوا بِبَلَدِهِ. قَالَ: فَجَاءَا فَخَلَّصَا سَعْدًا مِنْ أَيْدِيهِمْ، فَانْطَلَقَ. وَكَانَ الَّذِي لَكَمَ سَعْدًا، سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو أَخَا بَنِي عَامِرِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَكَانَ الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي أَوَى إلَيْهِ، أَبَا الْبَخْتَرِيِّ بْنَ هِشَامٍ قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ أَوَّلُ شِعْرٍ قِيلَ فِي الْهِجْرَةِ بَيْتَيْنِ، قَالَهُمَا ضِرَارُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ بْنِ مِرْدَاسٍ، أَخُو بَنِي مُحَارِبِ بْنِ فِهْرٍ ( فَقَالَ ): : تَدَارَكْتَ سَعْدًا عَنْوَةً فَأَخَذْتَهُ وَكَانَ شِفَاءً لَوْ تَدَارَكْتَ مُنْذِرَا وَلَوْ نِلْتُهُ طُلَّتْ هُنَاكَ جِرَاحُهُ وَكَانَتْ حَرِيًّا أَنْ يُهَانَ وَيُهْدَرَا قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَيُرْوَى: وَكَانَ حَقِيقًا أَنْ يُهَانَ وَيُهْدَرَا قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَأَجَابَهُ حَسَّانُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ فِيهِمَا فَقَالَ: : لَسْتَ إلَى سَعْدٍ وَلَا الْمَرْءِ مُنْذِرٍ إذَا مَا مَطَايَا الْقَوْمِ أَصْبَحْنَ ضُمَّرَا فَلَوْلَا أَبُو وَهْبٍ لَمَرَّتْ قَصَائِدٌ عَلَى شَرَفِ الْبَرْقَاءِ يَهْوِينَ حُسَّرًا أَتَفْخُرُ بِالْكَتَّانِ لَمَّا لَبِسْتَهُ وَقَدْ تَلْبَسُ الْأَنْبَاطُ رَيْطًا مُقَصَّرَا فَلَا تَكُ كَالْوَسْنَانِ يَحْلُمُ أَنَّهُ بِقَرْيَةِ كِسْرَى أَوْ بِقَرْيَةِ قَيْصَرَا وَلَا تَكُ كَالثَّكْلَى وَكَانَتْ بِمَعْزِلٍ عَنْ الثُّكْلِ لَوْ كَانَ الْفُؤَادُ تَفَكَّرَا وَلَا تَكُ كَالشَّاةِ الَّتِي كَانَ حَتْفُهَا بِجَفْرِ ذِرَاعَيْهَا فَلَمْ تَرْضَ مَحْفَرَا وَلَا تَكُ كَالْعَاوِي فَأَقْبَلَ نَحْرَهُ وَلَمْ يَخْشَهُ، سَهْمًا مِنْ النَّبْلِ مُضْمَرَا فَإِنَّا وَمَنْ يُهْدِي الْقَصَائِدَ نَحْوَنَا كَمُسْتَبْضِعٍ تَمْرًا إلَى أَرْضِ خَيْبَرَا
Translation
✧ [ The going out of Quraysh in the morning against the Anṣār concerning the matter of the pledge ] (He said): When morning came, the notables of Quraysh came to us, until they reached us in our dwellings. They said: O company of the Khazraj, it has reached us that you have come to this companion of ours to take him out from among us, and to pledge allegiance to him upon war against us. By God, there is no clan among the Arabs more hateful to us that war should break out between us and them than you. He said: Then those of the polytheists of our people who were there arose, swearing by God that nothing of this had happened, and that we knew nothing of it. He said: And they spoke truth, for they did not know it. He said: And some of us looked at one another. He said: Then the people stood up, among them al-Ḥārith b. Hishām b. al-Mughīrah al-Makhzūmī, wearing two new sandals of his. He said: I said to him a word—as if I wanted to involve the people with it in what they had said—: O Abū Jābir, can you not, since you are a lord among our lords, acquire the like of the sandals of this young man of Quraysh? He said: Al-Ḥārith heard it, and he took them off his feet, then threw them to me, and said: By God, you shall put them on. He said: Abū Jābir said: Enough; by God, you have angered the young man, so return his sandals to him. He said: I said: By God, I will not return them; it is a good omen, by God—if the omen proves true, I shall rob him. Ibn Isḥāq said: ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Bakr narrated to me that they came to ʿAbd Allāh b. Ubayy b. Salūl and said to him the like of what Kaʿb said of the speech, and he said to them: By God, this matter is grave. My people would not have acted in such a matter without me, and I did not know it had happened. He said: So they turned away from him. [ The going out of Quraysh in pursuit of the Anṣār ] He said: The people dispersed from all of Minā, and the group investigated the news; they found that it had indeed happened, and they went out in pursuit of the people. They overtook Saʿd b. ʿUbādah at Adhākhir, and al-Mundhir b. ʿAmr, the brother of the Banū Sāʿidah b. Kaʿb b. al-Khazraj—and both of them were naqībs. As for al-Mundhir, he eluded the people; but as for Saʿd, they seized him, and they bound his hands to his neck with the strap of his saddle, then they came with him until they brought him into Makkah, beating him and dragging him by his forelock—and he had abundant hair. [ The deliverance of Ibn ʿUbādah from the captivity of Quraysh, and what poetry was said concerning that ] Saʿd said: By God, I was in their hands when a group of Quraysh appeared before me, among them a man who was handsome, fair, tall, and pleasant among men. He said: I said to myself: If there is good in any of the people, it is with this one. He said: When he drew near me, he raised his hand and struck me a violent blow. He said: I said to myself: No, by God, after this there is no good in them. He said: By God, I was in their hands dragging me, when a man among those who were with them came to my aid, and said: Woe to you! Is there not between you and any of Quraysh a protection or a pact? He said: I said: Yes, by God. I used to grant protection to the trade of Jubayr b. Muṭʿim b. ʿAdī b. Nawfal b. ʿAbd Manāf, and I would defend them against anyone who wished to wrong them in my land; and likewise to al-Ḥārith b. Ḥarb b. Umayyah b. ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Manāf. He said: Woe to you! Call out the names of the two men, and mention what is between you and them. He said: I did so, and that man went out to the two of them, and found them in the mosque at the Kaʿbah. He said to them: A man of the Khazraj is now being beaten in al-Abṭaḥ, and he calls upon you two and mentions that there is between him and you a pact of protection. They said: Who is he? He said: Saʿd b. ʿUbādah. They said: He has spoken truth; by God, he used to grant protection to our trade and defend it from being wronged in his land. He said: They came and delivered Saʿd from their hands, and he departed. The one who had struck Saʿd was Suhayl b. ʿAmr, the brother of the Banū ʿĀmir b. Luʾayy. Ibn Hishām said: The man who came to his aid was Abū al-Bakhtarī b. Hishām. Ibn Isḥāq said: The first poetry said concerning the Hijrah consisted of two verses, spoken by Ḍirār b. al-Khaṭṭāb b. Mirdās, the brother of the Banū Muḥārib b. Fihr. He said: You overtook Saʿd by force and seized him, and it would have been a cure had you overtaken Mundhir; Had you obtained him, his wounds would have been avenged there, And he was worthy to be humiliated and to have his blood shed. Ibn Hishām said: It is also related: And he was deserving to be humiliated and to have his blood shed. Ibn Isḥāq said: Ḥassān b. Thābit answered him concerning them, saying: You will not reach Saʿd, nor the man Mundhir, when the mounts of the people become lean in the morning; And were it not for Abū Wahb, odes would have passed over the height of al-Barqāʾ, going down unveiled; Do you boast of linen when you put it on, while the Nabataeans wear short fine cloth; Do not be like the drowsy one who dreams that he is in the town of Kisrā or in the town of Caesar; Do not be like the bereaved woman who was removed from bereavement, had the heart reflected; Do not be like the sheep whose death came by a pit the width of its forelegs, so it was not content with a dug place; Do not be like the howler who turned his chest toward it, and did not fear it—a concealed arrow of the nubl; For we, and whoever sends odes toward us, are like one who carries dates to the land of Khaybar.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.