Tarikh (al-Tabari) 786
The story of the conversion of al-Tufayl b. Amr al-Dawsi
قِصَّةُ إسْلَامِ الطُّفَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو الدَّوْسِيِّ [ تَحْذِيرُ قُرَيْشٍ لَهُ مِنْ الِاسْتِمَاعِ لِلنَّبِيِّ ﷺ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، عَلَى مَا يَرَى مِنْ قَوْمِهِ، يَبْذُلُ لَهُمْ النَّصِيحَةَ، وَيَدْعُوهُمْ إلَى النَّجَاةِ مِمَّا هُمْ فِيهِ. وَجَعَلَتْ قُرَيْشٌ، حِينَ مَنَعَهُ اللَّهُ مِنْهُمْ، يُحَذِّرُونَهُ النَّاسَ وَمَنْ قَدِمَ عَلَيْهِمْ مِنْ الْعَرَبِ. وَكَانَ الطُّفَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو الدَّوْسِيُّ يُحَدِّثُ: أَنَّهُ قَدِمَ مَكَّةَ وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِهَا، فَمَشَى إلَيْهِ رِجَالٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، وَكَانَ الطُّفَيْلُ رَجُلًا شَرِيفًا شَاعِرًا لَبِيبًا، فَقَالُوا لَهُ: يَا طُفَيْلُ، إنَّكَ قَدِمْتَ بِلَادَنَا، وَهَذَا الرَّجُلُ الَّذِي بَيْنَ أَظْهُرِنَا قَدْ أَعْضَلَ بِنَا، وَقَدْ فَرَّقَ جَمَاعَتَنَا، وَشَتَّتْ أَمْرَنَا، وَإِنَّمَا قَوْلُهُ كَالسِّحْرِ يُفَرِّقُ بَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ وَبَيْنَ أَبِيهِ، وَبَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ وَبَيْنَ أَخِيهِ، وَبَيْنَ الرَّجُلِ وَبَيْنَ زَوْجَتِهِ، وَإِنَّا نَخْشَى عَلَيْكَ وَعَلَى قَوْمِكَ مَا قَدْ دَخَلَ عَلَيْنَا، فَلَا تُكَلِّمَنَّهُ وَلَا تَسْمَعَنَّ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا. [ اسْتِمَاعُهُ لِقَوْلِ قُرَيْشٍ ثُمَّ عُدُولُهُ وَسَمَاعُهُ مِنَ الرَّسُولِ ] قَالَ: فَوَاَللَّهِ مَا زَالُوا بِي حَتَّى أَجْمَعْتُ أَنْ لَا أَسْمَعَ مِنْهُ شَيْئًا وَلَا أُكَلِّمَهُ، حَتَّى حَشَوْتُ فِي أُذُنَيَّ حِينَ غَدَوْتُ إلَى الْمَسْجِدِ كُرْسُفًا فَرَقًا مِنْ أَنْ يَبْلُغَنِي شَيْءٌ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ، وَأَنَا لَا أُرِيدُ أَنْ أَسْمَعَهُ. قَالَ: فَغَدَوْتُ إلَى الْمَسْجِدِ، فَإِذَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَائِمٌ يُصَلِّي عِنْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ. قَالَ: فَقُمْتُ مِنْهُ قَرِيبًا فَأَبَى اللَّهُ إلَّا أَنْ يُسْمِعَنِي بَعْضَ قَوْلِهِ. قَالَ: فَسَمِعْتُ كَلَامًا حَسَنًا قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ فِي نَفْسِي: وَاثُكْلَ أُمِّي، وَاَللَّهِ إنِّي لَرَجُلٌ لَبِيبٌ شَاعِرٌ مَا يَخْفَى عَلَيَّ الْحَسَنُ مِنْ الْقَبِيحِ، فَمَا يَمْنَعُنِي أَنْ أَسْمَعَ مِنْ هَذَا الرَّجُلِ مَا يَقُولُ فَإِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي يَأْتِي بَهْ حَسَنًا قَبِلْتُهُ، وَإِنْ كَانَ قَبِيحًا تَرَكْتُهُ [ الْتِقَاؤُهُ بِالرَّسُولِ وَقَبُولُهُ الدَّعْوَةَ ] قَالَ: فَمَكَثْتُ حَتَّى انْصَرَفَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى بَيْتِهِ فَاتَّبَعْتُهُ، حَتَّى إذَا دَخَلَ بَيْتَهُ دَخَلْتُ عَلَيْهِ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، إنَّ قَوْمَكَ قَدْ قَالُوا لِي كَذَا وَكَذَا، لِلَّذِي قَالُوا، فَوَاَللَّهِ مَا بَرِحُوا يُخَوِّفُونَنِي أَمْرَكَ حَتَّى سَدَدْتُ أُذُنَيَّ بِكُرْسُفٍ لِئَلَّا أَسْمَعَ قَوْلَكَ، ثُمَّ أَبَى اللَّهُ إلَّا أَنْ يُسْمِعَنِي قَوْلَكَ،، فَسَمِعْتُهُ قَوْلًا حَسَنًا، فَاعْرِضْ عَلَيَّ أَمْرَكَ. قَالَ: فَعَرَضَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الْإِسْلَامَ، وَتَلَا عَلَيَّ الْقُرْآنَ، فَلَا وَاَللَّهِ مَا سَمِعْتُ قَوْلًا قَطُّ أَحْسَنَ مِنْهُ، وَلَا أَمْرًا أَعْدَلَ مِنْهُ. قَالَ: فَأَسْلَمْتُ وَشَهِدْتُ شَهَادَةَ الْحَقِّ، وَقُلْتُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ، إنِّي امْرُؤٌ مُطَاعٌ فِي قَوْمِي، وَأَنَا رَاجِعٌ إلَيْهِمْ، وَدَاعِيهمْ إلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، فَادْعُ اللَّهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ لِي آيَةً تَكُونُ لِي عَوْنًا عَلَيْهِمْ فِيمَا أَدْعُوهُمْ إلَيْهِ فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ اجْعَلْ لَهُ آيَةً [ الْآيَةُ الَّتِي جُعِلَتْ لَهُ ] قَالَ: فَخَرَجْتُ إلَى قَوْمِي، حَتَّى إذَا كُنْتُ بِثَنِيَّةٍ تُطْلِعُنِي عَلَى الْحَاضِرِ وَقَعَ نُورٌ بَيْنَ عَيْنَيَّ مِثْلُ الْمِصْبَاحِ فَقُلْتُ: اللَّهُمَّ فِي غَيْرِ وَجْهِي، إنِّي أَخْشَى، أَنْ يَظُنُّوا أَنَّهَا مُثْلَةٌ وَقَعَتْ فِي وَجْهِي لِفِرَاقِي دِينَهُمْ. قَالَ: فَتَحَوَّلَ فَوَقَعَ فِي رَأْسِ سَوْطِي. قَالَ: فَجَعَلَ الْحَاضِرُ يَتَرَاءَوْنَ ذَلِكَ النُّورَ فِي سَوْطِي كَالْقِنْدِيلِ الْمُعَلَّقِ، وَأَنَا أَهْبِطُ إلَيْهِمْ مِنْ الثَّنِيَّةِ، قَالَ: حَتَّى جِئْتُهُمْ فَأَصْبَحْتُ فِيهِمْ. [ دَعْوَتُهُ أَبَاهُ إلَى الْإِسْلَامِ ] قَالَ: فَلَمَّا نَزَلْتُ أَتَانِي أَبِي، وَكَانَ شَيْخًا كَبِيرًا، قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: إلَيْكَ عَنِّي يَا أَبَتِ، فَلَسْتُ مِنْكَ وَلَسْتَ مِنِّي قَالَ: وَلِمَ يَا بُنَيَّ ؟ قَالَ: قُلْتُ: أَسْلَمْتُ وَتَابَعْت دِينَ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ، قَالَ: أَيْ بُنَيَّ، فَدِينِي دِينُكَ ؟ قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ: فَاذْهَبْ فَاغْتَسِلْ وَطَهِّرْ ثِيَابَكَ، ثُمَّ تَعَالَ حَتَّى أُعَلِّمَكَ مَا عُلِّمْتُ. قَالَ: فَذَهَبَ فَاغْتَسَلَ، وَطَهَّرَ ثِيَابَهُ. قَالَ: ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَعَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْإِسْلَامَ، فَأَسْلَمَ. [ دَعْوَتُهُ زَوْجَهُ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ ] ( قَالَ ) ثُمَّ أَتَتْنِي صَاحِبَتِي، فَقُلْتُ: إلَيْكَ عَنِّي، فَلَسْتُ مِنْكَ وَلَسْتَ مِنِّي، قَالَتْ: لِمَ ؟ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي، قَالَ: ( قُلْتُ: قَدْ ) فَرَّقَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكَ الْإِسْلَامُ، وَتَابَعْتُ دِينَ مُحَمَّدٍ ﷺ ؟ قَالَتْ: فَدِينِي دِينُكَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ فَاذْهَبِي إلَى حِنَا ذِي الشَّرَى - قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَيُقَالُ: حِمَى ذِي الشَّرَى - فَتَطَهَّرِي مِنْهُ. ( قَالَ ): وَكَانَ ذُو الشَّرَى صَنَمًا لِدَوْسٍ، وَكَانَ الْحِمَى حِمَى حَمَوْهُ لَهُ، ( وَ ) بِهِ وَشَلٌ مِنْ مَاءٍ يَهْبِطُ مِنْ جَبَلٍ. قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ بِأَبِي أَنْتَ وَأُمِّي، أَتَخْشَى عَلَى الصَّبِيَّةِ مِنْ ذِي الشَّرَى شَيْئًا، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: لَا، أَنَا ضَامِنٌ لِذَلِكَ، فَذَهَبَتْ فَاغْتَسَلَتْ، ثُمَّ جَاءَتْ فَعَرَضْتُ عَلَيْهَا الْإِسْلَامَ، فَأَسْلَمَتْ. [ دَعْوَتُهُ قَوْمَهِ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَمَا كَانَ مِنْهُمْ وَلِحَاقُهُمْ بِالرَّسُولِ ] ثُمَّ دَعَوْتُ دَوْسًا إلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، فَأَبْطَئُوا عَلَيَّ، ثُمَّ جِئْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ، فَقُلْتُ لَهُ: يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ إنَّهُ قَدْ غَلَبَنِي عَلَى دَوْسٍ الرِّنَا فَادْعُ اللَّهَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ اهْدِ دَوْسًا ارْجِعْ إلَى قَوْمِكَ فَادْعُهُمْ وَارْفُقْ بِهِمْ. قَالَ: فَلَمْ أَزَلْ بِأَرْضِ دَوْسٍ أَدْعُوهُمْ إلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، حَتَّى هَاجَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، وَمَضَى بَدْرٌ وَأُحُدٌ وَالْخَنْدَقُ، ثُمَّ قَدِمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَنْ أَسْلَمَ مَعِي مِنْ قَوْمِي وَرَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِخَيْبَرِ. حَتَّى نَزَلْتُ الْمَدِينَةَ بِسَبْعِينَ أَوْ ثَمَانِينَ بَيْتًا مِنْ دَوْسٍ، ثُمَّ لَحِقْنَا بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِخَيْبَرِ، فَأَسْهَمَ لَنَا مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ [ ذَهَابُهُ إِلَى ذِي الْكَفَّيْنِ لِيَحْرِقَهُ ] ثُمَّ لَمْ أَزَلْ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، حَتَّى إذَا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ مَكَّةَ، قَالَ: قُلْتُ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ابْعَثْنِي إلَى ذِي الْكَفَّيْنِ صَنَمِ عَمْرِو بْنِ حُمَمَةَ حَتَّى أُحْرِقَهُ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَخَرَجَ إلَيْهِ، فَجَعَلَ طُفَيْلٌ يُوقِدُ عَلَيْهِ النَّارَ وَيَقُولُ: : يَا ذَا الْكَفَّيْنِ لَسْتُ مِنْ عُبَّادِكَا مِيلَادُنَا أَقْدَمُ مِنْ مِيلَادِكَا: إنِّي حَشَوْتُ النَّارَ فِي فُؤَادِكَا [ جِهَادُهُ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ بَعْدَ قَبْضِ الرَّسُولِ، ثُمَّ رُؤْيَاهُ وَمَقْتَلُهُ ] قَالَ: ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَكَانَ مَعَهُ بِالْمَدِينَةِ حَتَّى قَبَضَ اللَّهُ رَسُولَهُ ﷺ. فَلَمَّا ارْتَدَّتْ الْعَرَبُ، خَرَجَ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، فَسَارَ مَعَهُمْ حَتَّى فَرَغُوا مِنْ طُلَيْحَةَ، وَمِنْ أَرْضِ نَجْدٍ كُلِّهَا. ثُمَّ سَارَ مَعَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ إلَى الْيَمَامَةِ، وَمَعَهُ ابْنُهُ عَمْرُو بْنُ الطُّفَيْلِ، فَرَأَى رُؤْيَا وَهُوَ مُتَوَجِّهٌ إلَى الْيَمَامَةِ، فَقَالَ لِأَصْحَابِهِ: إنِّي قَدْ رَأَيْتُ رُؤْيَا فَاعْبُرُوهَا لِي، رَأَيْتُ أَنَّ رَأْسِي حُلِقَ، وَأَنَّهُ خَرَجَ مِنْ فَمِي طَائِرٌ، وَأَنَّهُ لَقِيَتْنِي امْرَأَةٌ فَأَدْخَلَتْنِي فِي فَرْجِهَا، وَأَرَى ابْنِي يَطْلُبُنِي حَثِيثًا، ثُمَّ رَأَيْتُهُ حُبِسَ عَنِّي، قَالُوا: خَيْرًا، قَالَ: أَمَّا أَنَا وَاَللَّهِ فَقَدْ أَوَّلْتُهَا ؟ قَالُوا: مَاذَا ؟ قَالَ: أَمَّا حَلْقُ رَأْسِي فَوَضْعُهُ، وَأَمَّا الطَّائِرُ الَّذِي خَرَجَ مِنْ فَمِي فَرُوحِي، وَأَمَّا الْمَرْأَةُ الَّتِي أَدَخَلَتْنِي فَرْجَهَا فَالْأَرْضُ تُحْفَرُ لِي، فَأُغَيَّبُ فِيهَا، وَأَمَّا طَلَبُ ابْنِي إيَّايَ ثُمَّ حَبْسُهُ عَنِّي، فَإِنِّي أُرَاهُ سَيَجْهَدُ أَنْ يُصِيبَهُ مَا أَصَابَنِي. فَقُتِلَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ شَهِيدًا بِالْيَمَامَةِ، وَجُرِحَ ابْنُهُ جِرَاحَةً شَدِيدَةً، ثُمَّ اسْتَبَلَّ مِنْهَا، ثُمَّ قُتِلَ عَامَ الْيَرْمُوكِ فِي زَمَنِ عُمَرَ ؓ شَهِيدًا. وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ أَنَّ الطُّفَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو الدَّوْسِيَّ أَتَى النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، هَلْ لَكَ فِي حِصْنٍ حَصِينٍ وَمَنَعَةٍ ؟ قَالَ: حِصْنٌ كَانَ لِدَوْسٍ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ. فَأَبَى ذَلِكَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِلَّذِي ذَخَرَ اللَّهُ لِلْأَنْصَارِ، فَلَمَّا هَاجَرَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، هَاجَرَ إِلَيْهِ الطُّفَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو وَهَاجَرَ مَعَهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ قَوْمِهِ، فَاجْتَوَوُا الْمَدِينَةَ، فَمَرِضِ فَجَزِعَ فَأَخَذَ مَشَاقِصَ فَقَطَعَ بِهَا بِرَاجِمَهُ، فَشَخَبَتْ يَدَاهُ، فَمَا رَقَأَ الدَّمُ حَتَّى مَاتَ، فَرَآهُ الطُّفَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو فِي مَنَامِهِ فِي هَيْئَةٍ حَسَنَةٍ، وَرَآهُ مُغَطِّيًا يَدَيْهِ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: مَا صَنَعَ بِكَ رَبُّكَ ؟ فَقَالَ: غَفَرَ لِي بِهِجْرَتِي إِلَى نَبِيِّهِ ﷺ. قَالَ: فَمَا لِي أَرَاكَ مُغَطِّيًا يَدَيْكَ ؟ قَالَ: قِيلَ لِي: لَنْ يُصْلَحَ مِنْكَ مَا أَفْسَدْتَ. قَالَ: فَقَصَّهَا الطُّفَيْلُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " اللَّهُمَّ وَلِيَدَيْهِ فَاغْفِرْ ". رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ. فائدة قال ابن كثير رحمه الله تعالى: فَإِنْ قِيلَ: فَمَا الْجَمْعُ بَيْنَ هَذَا الْحَدِيثِ، وَبَيْنَ مَا ثَبَتَ فِي " الصَّحِيحَيْنِ " مِنْ طَرِيقِ الْحَسَنِ عَنْ جُنْدَبٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " كَانَ فِيمَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ رَجُلٌ بِهِ جُرْحٌ، فَجَزِعَ، فَأَخَذَ سِكِّينًا فَحَزَّ بِهَا يَدَهُ، فَمَا رَقَأَ الدَّمُ حَتَّى مَاتَ، فَقَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: عَبْدِي بَادَرَنِي بِنَفْسِهِ، فَحَرَّمْتُ عَلَيْهِ الْجَنَّةَ ". فَالْجَوَابُ مِنْ وُجُوهٍ ; أَحَدُهَا: أَنَّهُ قَدْ يَكُونُ ذَاكَ مُشْرِكًا، وَهَذَا مُؤْمِنٌ، وَيَكُونُ قَدْ جُعِلَ هَذَا الصَّنِيعُ سَبَبًا مُسْتَقِلًّا فِي دُخُولِهِ النَّارَ، وَإِنْ كَانَ شِرْكُهُ مُسْتَقِلًّا، إِلَّا أَنَّهُ نَبَّهَ عَلَى هَذَا لِتَعْتَبِرَ أُمَّتُهُ. الثَّانِي: قَدْ يَكُونُ هَذَاكَ عَالِمًا بِالتَّحْرِيمِ، وَهَذَا غَيْرُ عَالِمٍ لِحَدَاثَةِ عَهْدِهِ بِالْإِسْلَامِ. الثَّالِثُ: قَدْ يَكُونُ ذَاكَ فَعَلَهُ مُسْتَحِلًّا لَهُ، وَهَذَا لَمْ يَكُنْ مُسْتَحِلًّا، بَلْ مُخْطِئًا. الرَّابِعُ: قَدْ يَكُونُ أَرَادَ ذَاكَ بِصَنِيعِهِ الْمَذْكُورِ، أَنْ يَقْتُلَ نَفْسَهُ، بِخِلَافِ هَذَا، فَإِنَّهُ يَجُوزُ أَنَّهُ لَمْ يَقْصِدْ قَتْلَ نَفْسِهِ، وَإِنَّمَا أَرَادَ غَيْرَ ذَلِكَ. الْخَامِسُ: قَدْ يَكُونُ هَذَاكَ قَلِيلَ الْحَسَنَاتِ، فَلَمْ تُقَاوِمْ كِبَرَ ذَنْبِهِ الْمَذْكُورِ، فَدَخَلَ النَّارَ، وَهَذَا قَدْ يَكُونُ كَثِيرَ الْحَسَنَاتِ، فَقَاوَمَتِ الذَّنْبَ، فَلَمْ يَلِجِ النَّارَ، بَلْ غُفِرَ لَهُ بِالْهِجْرَةِ إِلَى نَبِيِّهِ ﷺ وَلَكِنْ بَقِيَ الشَّيْنُ فِي يَدِهِ فَقَطْ، وَحَسُنَتْ هَيْئَةُ سَائِرِهِ، فَغَطَّى الشَّيْنَ مِنْهُ، فَلَمَّا رَآهُ الطُّفَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو مُغَطِّيًا يَدَيْهِ، قَالَ لَهُ: مَا لَكَ ؟ قَالَ: قِيلَ لِي: لَنْ يُصْلَحَ مِنْكَ مَا أَفْسَدْتَ. فَلَمَّا قَصَّهَا الطُّفَيْلُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ دَعَا لَهُ فَقَالَ: " اللَّهُمَّ، وَلِيَدَيْهِ فَاغْفِرْ ". أَيْ فَأَصْلِحْ مِنْهَا مَا كَانَ فَاسِدًا. وَالْمُحَقَّقُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ اسْتَجَابَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي صَاحِبِ الطُّفَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو. شعر الطفيل لما أسلم وَقَالَ الطُّفَيْلُ لَمَّا أَسْلَمَ: أَلَا بَلِّغْ لَدَيْكَ بَنِي لُؤَيٍّ عَلَى الشَّنَآنِ وَالْغَضَبِ الْمُرَدِّي بِأَنَّ اللَّهَ رَبَّ النَّاسِ فَرْدٌ تَعَالَى جَدُّهُ عَنْ كُلِّ نِدِّ وَأَنَّ مُحَمَّدًا عَبْدٌ رَسُولٌ دَلِيلُ هُدًى وَمُوضِحُ كُلِّ رُشْدِ رَأَيْتُ لَهُ دَلَائِلَ أَنْبَأَتْنِي بِأَنَّ سَبِيلَهُ يَهْدِي لِقَصْدِ وَأَنَّ اللَّهَ جَلَّلَهُ بِهَاءً وَأَعْلَى جَدَّهُ فِي كُلِّ جِدِّ وَقَالَتْ لِي قُرَيْشٌ عَدِّ عَنْهُ فَإِنَّ مَقَالَهُ كَالْغُرِّ يُعْدِي فَلَمَّا أَنْ أَمَلْتُ إِلَيْهِ سَمْعِي سَمِعْتُ مَقَالَهُ كَمَشْهُورِ شَهْدِ وَأَلْهَمَنِي هَدَايَا اللَّهُ عَنْهُ وَبَدَّلَ طَالِعِي نَحْسِي بِسَعْدِي فَفُزْتُ بِمَا حَبَاهُ اللَّهُ قَلْبِي وَفَازَ مُحَمَّدٌ بِصَفَاءِ وُدِّي
Translation
✧ The story of the conversion of al-Tufayl b. Amr al-Dawsi [Quraysh's warning to him against listening to the Prophet ﷺ] Ibn Ishaq said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ, despite what he saw from his people, was offering them sincere counsel and calling them to salvation from what they were in. When Allah protected him from them, Quraysh began warning people against him, and against whoever came to them from the Arabs. Al-Tufayl b. Amr al-Dawsi used to relate that he came to Makkah while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was there. Some men of Quraysh walked up to him—al-Tufayl being a noble man, a poet, and a wise man—and they said to him: "O Tufayl, you have come to our land. This man who is among us has caused us great distress, split our community, and scattered our affairs. His speech is like sorcery, separating a man from his father, a man from his brother, and a man from his wife. We fear for you and your people what has afflicted us. So do not speak to him and do not listen to anything from him." [His listening to Quraysh's words, then turning away and hearing from the Messenger] He said: By Allah, they kept at me until I resolved not to hear anything from him or speak to him, so much so that when I went to the mosque I stuffed cotton into my ears, fearing that something of his speech might reach me while I did not want to hear it. He said: I went to the mosque, and there was the Messenger of Allah ﷺ standing in prayer at the Kaaba. He said: I stood near him, but Allah insisted that I hear some of his speech. He said: I heard beautiful words. He said: I said to myself: "May my mother be bereaved! By Allah, I am a wise man and a poet, and the good is not hidden from me from the bad. What prevents me from hearing what this man says? If what he brings is good, I will accept it; if it is bad, I will leave it." [His meeting with the Messenger and accepting the call] He said: I waited until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ went to his house, and I followed him. When he entered his house, I entered upon him and said: "O Muhammad, your people have told me such-and-such, about what they said. By Allah, they kept frightening me about your matter until I plugged my ears with cotton so as not to hear your speech, but Allah insisted that I hear your speech, and I heard it as beautiful words. So present your matter to me." He said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ presented Islam to me and recited the Quran to me. By Allah, I have never heard speech more beautiful than it, nor a matter more just than it. He said: I became a Muslim, testified the testimony of truth, and said: "O Prophet of Allah, I am a man obeyed among my people, and I am returning to them and calling them to Islam. Pray to Allah to make for me a sign that will be a help to me with them in what I call them to." He said: "O Allah, grant him a sign." [The sign that was made for him] He said: I went out to my people, and when I reached a mountain pass that overlooks the settlement, a light like a lamp appeared between my eyes. I said: "O Allah, not in my face, for I fear they will think it is a disfigurement that has befallen my face because I left their religion." He said: It moved and fell on the top of my whip. He said: The people of the settlement began to see that light on my whip like a hanging lantern while I was descending to them from the pass. He said: Until I came to them and was among them. [His call to his father to Islam] He said: When I dismounted, my father came to me—he was a very old man. I said: "Get away from me, O father, for I am not of you and you are not of me." He said: "Why, my son?" I said: "I have become a Muslim and followed the religion of Muhammad ﷺ." He said: "My son, is my religion your religion?" I said: "Go and bathe and purify your clothes, then come so that I may teach you what I have been taught." He said: He went and bathed and purified his clothes. He said: Then he came, and I presented Islam to him, and he became a Muslim. [His call to his wife to Islam] He said: Then my wife came to me. I said: "Get away from me, for I am not of you and you are not of me." She said: "Why? May my father and mother be your ransom." I said: "Islam has separated me from you, and I have followed the religion of Muhammad ﷺ." She said: "Then my religion is your religion." I said: "Go to the enclosure of Dhu al-Shara"—Ibn Hisham said: It is also said "the protected area of Dhu al-Shara"—"and purify yourself there." He said: Dhu al-Shara was an idol of Daws, and the hima was a protected area they had reserved for it, and there was a stream of water descending from a mountain. She said: "May my father and mother be your ransom, do you fear anything from Dhu al-Shara for the little girl?" I said: "No, I guarantee that." So she went and bathed, then came, and I presented Islam to her, and she became a Muslim. [His call to his people and what came of them, and their joining the Messenger] Then I called Daws to Islam, but they were slow to respond. Then I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ in Makkah and said: "O Prophet of Allah, fornication has overcome me with regard to Daws, so pray to Allah against them." He said: "O Allah, guide Daws. Return to your people, call them, and be gentle with them." He said: I remained in the land of Daws calling them to Islam until the Messenger of Allah ﷺ migrated to Madinah, and Badr, Uhud, and the Trench passed. Then I came to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ with those of my people who had become Muslim with me, while the Messenger of Allah ﷺ was at Khaybar, until I reached Madinah with seventy or eighty households of Daws. Then we joined the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at Khaybar, and he assigned us a share with the Muslims. [His going to Dhu al-Kaffayn to burn it] Then I remained with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ until Allah granted him the conquest of Makkah. He said: I said: "O Messenger of Allah, send me to Dhu al-Kaffayn, the idol of Amr b. Humama, so that I may burn it." Ibn Ishaq said: He went out to it, and Tufayl began kindling fire on it and saying: O Dhu al-Kaffayn, I am not one of your worshippers; Our birth is older than your birth; I have stuffed fire into your heart. [His jihad with the Muslims after the passing of the Messenger, then his dream and his death] He said: Then he returned to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and remained with him in Madinah until Allah took His Messenger ﷺ. When the Arabs apostatized, he went out with the Muslims and marched with them until they finished with Tulayha and all the land of Najd. Then he marched with the Muslims to al-Yamama, and with him was his son Amr b. al-Tufayl. He saw a dream while heading to al-Yamama and said to his companions: "I have seen a dream, so interpret it for me. I saw that my head was shaved, that a bird came out of my mouth, that a woman met me and admitted me into her private part, and I saw my son seeking me urgently, then I saw him held back from me." They said: "Good." He said: "As for me, by Allah, I have interpreted it." They said: "What?" He said: "The shaving of my head is its being laid down. The bird that came out of my mouth is my spirit. The woman who admitted me into her private part is the earth being dug for me, and I will be hidden in it. As for my son's seeking me and then being held back from me, I think he will strive to attain what has befallen me." He was killed, may Allah have mercy on him, as a martyr at al-Yamama, and his son was severely wounded, then recovered, then was killed in the year of al-Yarmuk in the time of Umar ؓ as a martyr. From Jabir: Al-Tufayl b. Amr al-Dawsi came to the Prophet ﷺ and said: "O Messenger of Allah, would you like a fortified stronghold and protection?" He said: A stronghold that belonged to Daws in the Jahiliyyah. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ refused that because of what Allah had reserved for the Ansar. When the Prophet ﷺ migrated to Madinah, al-Tufayl b. Amr migrated to him, and a man of his people migrated with him. They found the climate of Madinah disagreeable, and the man fell ill and became distressed. He took some broad arrowheads and cut his finger joints with them, and blood gushed from his hands, and the blood did not stop until he died. Al-Tufayl b. Amr saw him in a dream in a good form, and he saw him covering his hands. He said to him: "What has your Lord done with you?" He said: "He forgave me because of my migration to His Prophet ﷺ." He said: "Why do I see you covering your hands?" He said: "It was said to me: 'What you have corrupted will never be set right from you.'" He said: Al-Tufayl related it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "O Allah, forgive him for the sake of his hands." Muslim narrated it. A note: Ibn Kathir, may Allah have mercy on him, said: If it is asked: How can we reconcile this hadith with what is established in the two Sahihs from the path of al-Hasan from Jundab, who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Among those before you was a man who had a wound, and he became distressed, so he took a knife and cut his hand with it, and the blood did not stop until he died. Allah, Mighty and Majestic, said: 'My servant hastened to Me with his own self, so I have forbidden Paradise to him.'" The answer is from several aspects: First, that man may have been a polytheist, while this one was a believer, and that act may have been made an independent cause for his entering the Fire, even though his polytheism was sufficient, but He pointed to this so that his Ummah might take heed. Second, that man may have known the prohibition, while this one did not know because he was new to Islam. Third, that man may have done it deeming it lawful, while this one did not deem it lawful but was mistaken. Fourth, that man may have intended by that act to kill himself, unlike this one, for it is possible that he did not intend to kill himself but intended something else. Fifth, that man may have had few good deeds, so they did not counterbalance the enormity of that sin, and he entered the Fire, while this one may have had many good deeds, so they counterbalanced the sin, and he did not enter the Fire, but was forgiven because of his migration to His Prophet ﷺ; yet the blemish remained in his hand only, and the rest of his form was good, so he covered the blemish. When al-Tufayl b. Amr saw him covering his hands, he said: "What is the matter with you?" He said: "It was said to me: 'What you have corrupted will never be set right from you.'" When al-Tufayl related it to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, he prayed for him and said: "O Allah, forgive him for the sake of his hands," meaning set right what was corrupted. The verified opinion is that Allah answered the Messenger of Allah ﷺ regarding the companion of al-Tufayl b. Amr. Al-Tufayl's poetry when he became Muslim: Al-Tufayl said when he became Muslim: Convey to Banu Luayy, if you reach them, Despite the hatred and the destroying wrath, That Allah, Lord of mankind, is One, Exalted is His majesty above any equal, And that Muhammad is a servant and a Messenger, A guide of guidance and clarifier of all rightness. I saw for him signs that told me That his path leads to the right aim; And that Allah adorned him with splendor And raised his honor in every endeavor. Quraysh said to me: "Turn away from him, For his speech is like a disease that spreads." But when I inclined my ear to him, I heard his speech like the finest honey; Allah inspired me with right guidance through him, And changed my misfortune into fortune. So I won what Allah bestowed on my heart, And Muhammad won the purity of my love.
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