Tarikh (al-Tabari) 773
The account of the pact and what occurred in its story and its annulment
خَبَرُ الصَّحِيفَةِ [ تَحَالُفُ الْكُفَّارِ ضِدَّ الرَّسُولِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ قُرَيْشٌ أَنَّ أَصْحَابَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ نَزَلُوا بَلَدًا أَصَابُوا بِهِ أَمْنًا وَقَرَارًا، وَأَنَّ النَّجَاشِيَّ قَدْ مَنَعَ مَنْ لَجَأَ إلَيْهِ مِنْهُمْ، وَأَنَّ عُمَرَ قَدْ أَسْلَمَ، فَكَانَ هُوَ وَحَمْزَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَصْحَابِهِ، وَجَعَلَ الْإِسْلَامُ يَفْشُو فِي الْقَبَائِلِ، اجْتَمَعُوا وَائْتَمَرُوا ( بَيْنَهُمْ ) أَنْ يَكْتُبُوا كِتَابًا يَتَعَاقَدُونَ فِيهِ عَلَى بَنِي هَاشِمٍ، وَبَنِيَّ الْمُطَّلِبِ، عَلَى أَنْ لَا يُنْكِحُوا إلَيْهِمْ وَلَا يُنْكَحُوهُمْ، وَلَا يَبِيعُوهُمْ شَيْئًا، وَلَا يَبْتَاعُوا مِنْهُمْ؛ فَلَمَّا اجْتَمَعُوا لِذَلِكَ كَتَبُوهُ فِي صَحِيفَةٍ، ثُمَّ تَعَاهَدُوا وَتَوَاثَقُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ عَلَّقُوا الصَّحِيفَةَ فِي جَوْفِ الْكَعْبَةِ تَوْكِيدًا عَلَى أَنْفُسِهِمْ، وَكَانَ كَاتِبُ الصَّحِيفَةِ مَنْصُورَ بْنَ عِكْرِمَةَ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ هَاشِمِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الدَّارِ بْنِ قُصَيٍّ - قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَيُقَالُ: النَّضْرُ بْنُ الْحَارِثِ - فَدَعَا عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَشُلَّ بَعْضُ أَصَابِعِهِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَلَمَّا فَعَلَتْ ذَلِكَ قُرَيْشٌ انْحَازَتْ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ وَبَنُو الْمُطَّلِبِ إلَى أَبِي طَالِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، فَدَخَلُوا مَعَهُ فِي شِعْبِهِ وَاجْتَمَعُوا إلَيْهِ، وَخَرَجَ مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ أَبُو لَهَبٍ، عَبْدُ الْعُزَّى بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، إلَى قُرَيْشٍ، فَظَاهَرَهُمْ. وَعَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ: ثُمَّ إِنَّ الْمُشْرِكِينَ اشْتَدُّوا عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ كَأَشَدِّ مَا كَانُوا، حَتَّى بَلَغَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ الْجُهْدُ، وَاشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْبَلَاءُ، وَاجْتَمَعَتْ قُرَيْشٌ فِي مَكْرِهَا أَنْ يَقْتُلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَانِيَةً، فَلَمَّا رَأَى أَبُو طَالِبٍ عَمَلَ الْقَوْمِ جَمَعَ بَنِي عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، وَأَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يُدْخِلُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ شِعْبَهُمْ، وَأَمَرَهَمْ أَنْ يَمْنَعُوهُ مِمَّنْ أَرَادُوا قَتْلَهُ، فَاجْتَمَعُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ، مُسْلِمُهُمْ وَكَافِرُهُمْ، فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ فَعَلَهُ حَمِيَّةً، وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ فَعَلَهُ إِيمَانًا وَيَقِينًا، فَلَمَّا عَرَفَتْ قُرَيْشٌ أَنَّ الْقَوْمَ قَدْ مَنَعُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَجْمَعُوا عَلَى ذَلِكَ، اجْتَمَعَ الْمُشْرِكُونَ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، فَأَجْمَعُوا أَمْرَهُمْ أَنْ لَا يُجَالِسُوهُمْ، وَلَا يُبَايِعُوهُمْ، وَلَا يَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَهُمْ، حَتَّى يُسَلِّمُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِلْقَتْلِ، وَكَتَبُوا فِي مَكْرِهِمْ صَحِيفَةً وَعُهُودًا وَمَوَاثِيقَ، لَا يَقْبَلُوا مِنْ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ أَبَدًا صُلْحًا، وَلَا تَأْخُذُهُمْ بِهِمْ رَأْفَةٌ، حَتَّى يُسْلِمُوهُ لِلْقَتْلِ. فَلَبِثَ بَنُو هَاشِمٍ فِي شِعْبِهِمْ ثَلَاثَ سِنِينَ، وَاشْتَدَّ عَلَيْهِمُ الْبَلَاءُ وَالْجَهْدُ، وَقَطَعُوا عَنْهُمُ الْأَسْوَاقَ، فَلَا يَتْرُكُوا لَهُمْ طَعَامًا يَقَدَمُ مَكَّةَ وَلَا بَيْعًا إِلَّا بَادَرُوهُمْ إِلَيْهِ فَاشْتَرَوْهُ ; يُرِيدُونَ بِذَلِكَ أَنْ يُدْرِكُوا سَفْكَ دَمِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَكَانَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ إِذَا أَخَذَ النَّاسُ مَضَاجِعَهُمْ، أَمَرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَاضْطَجَعَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ ; حَتَّى يَرَى ذَلِكَ مَنْ أَرَادَ بِهِ مَكْرًا وَاغْتِيَالًا لَهُ، فَإِذَا نَوَّمَ النَّاسُ، أَمَرَ أَحَدَ بَنِيهِ أَوْ إِخْوَتِهِ أَوْ بَنِي عَمِّهِ فَاضْطَجَعَ عَلَى فِرَاشِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَأَمَرَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يَأْتِيَ بَعْضَ فُرُشِهِمْ فَيَنَامَ عَلَيْهِ.
Translation
✧ The account of the pact [The alliance of the disbelievers against the Messenger] Ibn Isḥāq said: When Quraysh saw that the companions of the Messenger of God ﷺ had settled in a land where they had attained security and stability, and that the Negus had protected those of them who sought refuge with him, and that ʿUmar had embraced Islam—so that he and Ḥamzah b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib were with the Messenger of God ﷺ and his companions—and Islam began to spread among the tribes, they assembled and conspired among themselves to write a document in which they would bind themselves against Banū Hāshim and Banū al-Muṭṭalib: that they would not give them women in marriage nor take women from them in marriage, that they would not sell them anything nor buy anything from them. When they assembled for that, they wrote it in a sheet, then they covenanted and bound themselves to that, then they hung the sheet inside the Kaʿbah as a solemn commitment upon themselves. The scribe of the sheet was Manṣūr b. ʿIkrimah b. ʿĀmir b. Hāshim b. ʿAbd Manāf b. ʿAbd al-Dār b. Quṣayy—Ibn Hishām said: It is also said: al-Naḍr b. al-Ḥārith—and the Messenger of God ﷺ invoked God against him, and some of his fingers became paralyzed. Ibn Isḥāq said: When Quraysh did that, Banū Hāshim and Banū al-Muṭṭalib withdrew to Abū Ṭālib b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib and entered with him into his mountain pass and gathered around him. From Banū Hāshim, Abū Lahab, ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib, went out to Quraysh and supported them. From al-Zuhrī: Then the polytheists intensified their harshness against the Muslims as severely as they had ever been, until the Muslims reached extreme hardship, and tribulation pressed hard upon them. Quraysh gathered in their plotting to kill the Messenger of God ﷺ openly. When Abū Ṭālib saw what the people were doing, he gathered Banū ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib and ordered them to bring the Messenger of God ﷺ into their mountain pass, and he ordered them to protect him from those who wanted to kill him. They all agreed to that, Muslim and disbeliever among them: some did it out of tribal zeal, and some did it out of faith and certainty. When Quraysh knew that the people had protected the Messenger of God ﷺ and had resolved on that, the polytheists of Quraysh assembled and resolved their affair: that they would not sit with them, nor trade with them, nor enter their houses, until they handed over the Messenger of God ﷺ for killing. In their plotting they wrote a sheet and covenants and pledges: they would never accept peace from Banū Hāshim, and no compassion would seize them for them, until they handed him over for killing. Banū Hāshim remained in their mountain pass for three years, and tribulation and hardship pressed hard upon them. They cut off the markets from them, so that no food coming to Makkah nor any sale was left to them unless they rushed to it and bought it, seeking thereby to attain the shedding of the blood of the Messenger of God ﷺ. Abū Ṭālib, when the people took to their beds, would order the Messenger of God ﷺ to lie down on his bed, so that those who intended treachery and assassination against him might see that. Then, when the people were asleep, he would order one of his sons, or his brothers, or his cousins to lie down on the bed of the Messenger of God ﷺ, and he would order the Messenger of God ﷺ to go to one of their beds and sleep on it.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.