Tarikh (al-Tabari) 742
Mention of some of the harm the Messenger of Allah ﷺ suffered from his people
[ أُبَيُّ بْنُ خَلَفٍ وَعُقْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ، وَمَا أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ فِيهِمَا ] وَأُبَيُّ بْنُ خَلَفِ بْنِ وَهْبِ بْنِ حُذَافَةَ بْنِ جُمَحَ، وَعُقْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ، وَكَانَا مُتَصَافِيَيْنِ، حَسَّنَا مَا بَيْنَهُمَا. فَكَانَ عُقْبَةُ قَدْ جَلَسَ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَسَمِعَ مِنْهُ، فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ أُبَيًّا، فَأَتَى عُقْبَةَ فَقَالَ ( لَهُ ): أَلَمْ يَبْلُغْنِي أَنَّكَ جَالَسْتَ مُحَمَّدًا وَسَمِعْتَ مِنْهُ وَجْهِي مِنْ وَجْهِكَ حَرَامٌ أَنْ أُكَلِّمَكَ - وَاسْتَغْلَظَ مِنْ الْيَمِينِ - إنْ أَنْتَ جَلَسْتَ إلَيْهِ أَوْ سَمِعْتَ مِنْهُ، أَوْ لَمْ تَأْتِهِ فَتَتْفُلَ فِي وَجْهِهِ. فَفَعَلَ ذَلِكَ عَدُوُّ اللَّهِ عُقْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ لَعَنَهُ اللَّهُ. فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِمَا: وَيَوْمَ يَعَضُّ الظَّالِمُ عَلَى يَدَيْهِ يَقُولُ يَا لَيْتَنِي اتَّخَذْتُ مَعَ الرَّسُولِ سَبِيلًا إلَى قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: لِلْإِنْسَانِ خَذُولًا وَمَشَى أُبَيُّ بْنُ خَلَفٍ إلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِعَظْمٍ بَالٍ قَدْ ارْفَتَّ، فَقَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ، أَنْتَ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ يَبْعَثُ هَذَا بَعْدَ مَا أَرَمَّ، ثُمَّ فَتَّهُ فِي يَدِهِ، ثُمَّ نَفَخَهُ فِي الرِّيحِ نَحْوَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: نَعَمْ، أَنَا أَقُولُ ذَلِكَ، يَبْعَثُهُ اللَّهُ وَإِيَّاكَ بَعْدَ مَا تَكُونَانِ هَكَذَا، ثُمَّ يُدْخِلُكَ اللَّهُ النَّارَ. فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِ: وَضَرَبَ لَنَا مَثَلًا وَنَسِيَ خَلْقَهُ قَالَ مَنْ يُحْيِي الْعِظَامَ وَهِيَ رَمِيمٌ قُلْ يُحْيِيهَا الَّذِي أَنْشَأَهَا أَوَّلَ مَرَّةٍ وَهُوَ بِكُلِّ خَلْقٍ عَلِيمٌ الَّذِي جَعَلَ لَكُمْ مِنَ الشَّجَرِ الْأَخْضَرِ نَارًا فَإِذَا أَنْتُمْ مِنْهُ تُوقِدُونَ وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: وَكَانَ -ابن أبي معيط- لَا يَقْدَمُ مِنْ سَفَرٍ إِلَّا صَنَعَ طَعَامًا فَدَعَا أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ كُلَّهُمْ فَصَنَعَ طَعَامًا ثُمَّ دَعَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى طَعَامِهِ فَقَالَ: مَا أَنَا بِالَّذِي آكُلُ مِنْ طَعَامِكَ حَتَّى تَشْهَدَ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ وَأَنِّي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ. فَقَالَ: اطْعَمْ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي. فَقَالَ: مَا أَنَا بِالَّذِي أَفْعَلُ حَتَّى تَقُولَ، فَشَهِدَ بِذَلِكَ وَطَعِمَ مِنْ طَعَامِهِ. وَقَدِمَ خَلِيلُهُ مِنَ الشَّامِ لَيْلًا فَقَالَ لِامْرَأَتِهِ مَا فَعَلَ مُحَمَّدٌ مِمَّا كَانَ عَلَيْهِ؟ فَقَالَتْ: أَشَدُّ مَا كَانَ أَمْرًا. فَقَالَ: مَا فَعَلَ خَلِيلِي أَبُو مُعَيْطٍ ؟ فَقَالَتْ: صَبَأَ. فَبَاتَ بِلَيْلَةِ سُوءٍ فَلَمَّا أَصْبَحَ أَتَاهُ أَبُو مُعَيْطٍ فَحَيَّاهُ فَلَمْ يَرُدَّ عَلَيْهِ التَّحِيَّةَ فَقَالَ: مَا لَكَ لَا تَرُدُّ عَلَيَّ تَحِيَّتِي. فَقَالَ: كَيْفَ أَرُدُّ عَلَيْكَ تَحِيَّتَكَ وَقَدْ صَبَأْتَ. قَالَ: أَوَقَدْ فَعَلَتْهَا قُرَيْشٌ ؟ لَا وَاللَّهِ مَا صَبَأْتُ وَلَكِنْ دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَجُلٌ فَأَبَى أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ طَعَامِي إِلَّا أَنْ أَشْهَدَ لَهُ. فَاسْتَحْيَيْتُ أَنْ يُخْرِجَ مِنْ بَيْتِي قَبْلَ أَنْ يَطْعَمَ، فَشَهِدْتُ لَهُ قَالَ: مَا أَنَا بِالَّذِي أَرْضَى عَنْكَ حَتَّى تَأْتِيَهُ فَتَبْزُقُ فِي وَجْهِهِ. وَفِي رِوَايَةٍ: فَقَالَ: مَا يُبْرِئُ صُدُورَهُمْ إِنْ أَنَا فَعَلْتُ؟ قَالَ: تَأْتِيهِ فِي مَجْلِسِهِ فَتَبْزُقُ فِي وَجْهِهِ وَتَشْتُمُهُ بِأَخْبَثِ مَا تَعْلَمُ مِنَ الشَّتْمِ. فَفَعَلَ فَلَمْ يَزِدِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ أَنْ مَسَحَ وَجْهَهُ مِنَ الْبُزَاقِ. قال في الكامل عن المستهزئين ومنهم عُقْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ، وَاسْمُ أَبِي مُعَيْطٍ أَبَانُ بْنُ أَبِي عَمْرِو بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسٍ، وَيُكَنَّى أَبَا الْوَلِيدِ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَشَدِّ النَّاسِ أَذًى لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَعَدَاوَةً لَهُ وَلِلْمُسْلِمِينَ، عَمَدَ إِلَى مِكْتَلٍ فَجَعَلَ فِيهِ عَذِرَةً وَجَعَلَهُ عَلَى بَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَبَصُرَ بِهِ طُلَيْبُ بْنُ عُمَيْرِ بْنِ وَهْبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافِ بْنِ قُصَيٍّ، وَأُمُّهُ أَرْوَى بِنْتُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ، فَأَخَذَ الْمِكْتَلَ مِنْهُ وَضَرَبَ بِهِ رَأْسَهُ وَأَخَذَ بِأُذُنَيْهِ، فَشَكَاهُ عُقْبَةُ إِلَى أُمِّهِ فَقَالَ: قَدْ صَارَ ابْنُكِ يَنْصُرُ مُحَمَّدًا. فَقَالَتْ: وَمَنْ أَوْلَى بِهِ مِنَّا ؟ أَمْوَالُنَا وَأَنْفُسُنَا دُونَ مُحَمَّدٍ. وَأُسِرَ عُقْبَةُ بِبَدْرٍ فَقُتِلَ صَبْرًا، قَتَلَهُ عَاصِمُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ الْأَنْصَارِيُّ، فَلَمَّا أَرَادَ قَتْلَهُ قَالَ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَنْ لِلصِّبْيَةِ ؟ قَالَ: النَّارُ.
Translation
✧ [Ubayy b. Khalaf and ʿUqbah b. Abī Muʿayṭ, and what God revealed concerning the two of them] Ubayy b. Khalaf b. Wahb b. Ḥudhāfah b. Jumaḥ, and ʿUqbah b. Abī Muʿayṭ, and the two were close friends, and the bond between them was strong. ʿUqbah had sat with the Messenger of God ﷺ and listened to him. That reached Ubayy, so he came to ʿUqbah and said to him: Has it not reached me that you sat with Muḥammad and listened to him? My face is forbidden from your face — meaning I will not speak to you — and he swore a weighty oath — if you sit with him or listen to him, or if you do not go to him and spit in his face. So that enemy of God, ʿUqbah b. Abī Muʿayṭ, may God curse him, did that. Then God, exalted be He, revealed concerning the two of them: “And on the Day the wrongdoer will bite his hands, saying: Would that I had taken a path with the Messenger,” up to His saying, exalted be He: “a deserter to man.” And Ubayy b. Khalaf walked to the Messenger of God ﷺ with a decayed bone that had crumbled, and said: O Muḥammad, do you claim that God will resurrect this after it has decayed? Then he crushed it in his hand, then blew it in the wind toward the Messenger of God ﷺ. So the Messenger of God ﷺ said: Yes, I say that. God will resurrect it and you after the two of you become like this, then God will make you enter the Fire. So God, exalted be He, revealed concerning him: “And he struck for Us an example and forgot his own creation. He said: Who will revive the bones when they are decayed? Say: He will revive them who produced them the first time, and He is, of all creation, Knowing — He who made for you from the green tree fire, and then from it you kindle.” And in one narration: And he — Ibn Abī Muʿayṭ — would not return from a journey without preparing food. He would prepare food and then invite all the people of Makkah. He prepared food and then invited the Messenger of God ﷺ to his food. He said: I am not one to eat from your food until you testify that there is no god but God and that I am the Messenger of God. He said: Eat, O son of my brother. He said: I will not do that until you say it. So he testified to that, and he ate from his food. Then his close friend arrived from Syria at night and said to his wife: What has Muḥammad done regarding what he was upon? She said: His matter has become more intense than it was. He said: What has my close friend Abū Muʿayṭ done? She said: He has apostatized. So he spent the night in distress. When morning came, Abū Muʿayṭ came to him and greeted him, but he did not return the greeting. He said: What is wrong with you that you do not return my greeting? He said: How can I return your greeting when you have apostatized? He said: Have Quraysh done that? No, by God, I have not apostatized. But a man came to me and refused to eat from my food unless I testified for him. I was ashamed that he should leave my house before eating, so I testified for him. He said: I am not one to be pleased with you until you go to him and spit in his face. And in one narration: He said: What will clear their hearts if I do that? He said: Go to him in his gathering and spit in his face, and insult him with the vilest insult you know. So he did, and the Prophet ﷺ did nothing more than wipe his face from the spittle. He said in al-Kāmil concerning the mockers, among them ʿUqbah b. Abī Muʿayṭ: The name of Abū Muʿayṭ is Abān b. Abī ʿAmr b. Umayyah b. ʿAbd Shams, and he was called Abū al-Walīd. He was among the most severe of people in harming the Messenger of God ﷺ and in enmity toward him and toward the Muslims. He took a basket and placed dung in it and put it at the door of the Messenger of God ﷺ. Ṭulayb b. ʿUmayr b. Wahb b. ʿAbd Manāf b. Quṣayy saw him — and his mother was Arwā bt. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib — so he took the basket from him and struck his head with it and seized him by his ears. ʿUqbah complained of him to his mother, and he said: Your son has come to support Muḥammad. She said: And who is more worthy of him than we are? Our wealth and our selves are for Muḥammad. And ʿUqbah was taken captive at Badr and was executed in shackles. ʿĀṣim b. Thābit al-Anṣārī killed him. When he was about to be killed, he said: O Muḥammad, who will care for the young children? He said: The Fire.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.