Tarikh (al-Tabari) 722
The Prophet's ﷺ open proclamation to his people and their response
[ إظْهَارُ قَوْمِهِ ﷺ الْعَدَاوَةَ لَهُ، وَحَدَبُ عَمِّهِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: فَلَمَّا بَادَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَوْمَهُ بِالْإِسْلَامِ وَصَدَعَ بَهْ كَمَا أَمَرَهُ اللَّهُ، لَمْ يَبْعُدْ مِنْهُ قَوْمُهُ، وَلَمْ يَرُدُّوا عَلَيْهِ - فِيمَا بَلَغَنِي - حَتَّى ذَكَرَ آلِهَتَهُمْ وَعَابَهَا؛ فَلَمَّا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ أَعْظَمُوهُ وَنَاكَرُوهُ، وَأَجْمَعُوا خِلَافَهُ وَعَدَاوَتَهُ، إلَّا مَنْ عَصَمَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى مِنْهُمْ بِالْإِسْلَامِ، وَهُمْ قَلِيلٌ مُسْتَخْفُونَ، وَحَدِبَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَمُّهُ أَبُو طَالِبٍ، وَمَنَعَهُ وَقَامَ دُونَهُ، وَمَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى أَمْرِ اللَّهِ، مُظْهِرًا لِأَمْرِهِ، لَا يَرُدُّهُ عَنْهُ شَيْءٌ. فَلَمَّا رَأَتْ قُرَيْشٌ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَا يَعْتِبُهُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ أَنْكَرُوهُ عَلَيْهِ، مِنْ فِرَاقِهِمْ وَعَيْبِ آلِهَتِهِمْ، وَرَأَوْا أَنَّ عَمَّهُ أَبَا طَالِبٍ قَدْ حَدِبَ عَلَيْهِ، وَقَامَ دُونَهُ، فَلَمْ يُسْلِمْهُ لَهُمْ، مَشَى رِجَالٌ مِنْ أَشْرَافِ قُرَيْشٍ إلَى أَبِي طَالِبٍ، عُتْبَةُ وَشَيْبَةُ ابْنَا رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافِ بْنِ قُصَيِّ بْنِ كِلَابِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيِّ بْنِ غَالِبٍ. وَأَبُو سُفْيَانَ بْنُ حَرْبِ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ شَمْسِ بْنِ عَبْدِ مَنَافِ بْنِ قُصَيِّ بْنِ كِلَابِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيِّ بْنِ غَالِبِ بْنِ فِهْرٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَاسْمُ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ صَخْرٌ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَأَبُو الْبَخْتَرِيِّ، وَاسْمُهُ الْعَاصِ بْنُ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ بْنِ أَسَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى بْنِ قُصَيِّ بْنِ كِلَابِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: أَبُو الْبَخْتَرِيِّ: الْعَاصِ بْنُ هَاشِمٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَالْأَسْوَدُ بْنُ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ أَسَدِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعُزَّى بْنِ قُصَيِّ بْنِ كِلَابِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ. وَأَبُو جَهْلٍ - وَاسْمُهُ عَمْرٌو، وَكَانَ يُكَنَّى أَبَا الْحَكَمِ - بْنَ هِشَامِ بْنِ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ مَخْزُومِ بْنِ يَقَظَةَ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ. وَالْوَلِيدُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ بْنِ مَخْزُومِ بْنِ يَقَظَةَ بْنِ مُرَّةَ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ. وَنَبِيهٌ وَمُنَبِّهٌ ابْنَا الْحَجَّاجِ بْنِ عَامِرِ بْنِ حُذَيْفَةَ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ سَهْمِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ هُصَيْصِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ. وَالْعَاصِ بْنُ وَائِلٍ. قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: الْعَاصِ بْنُ وَائِلِ بْنِ هَاشِمِ بْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ سَهْمِ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ هُصَيْصِ بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ لُؤَيٍّ. [ وَفْدُ قُرَيْشٍ مَعَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فِي شَأْنِ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: أَوْ مَنْ مَشَى مِنْهُمْ. فَقَالُوا: يَا أَبَا طَالِبٍ، إنَّ ابْنَ أَخِيكَ قَدْ سَبَّ آلِهَتَنَا، وَعَابَ دِينَنَا، وَسَفَّهُ أَحْلَامَنَا، وَضَلَّلَ آبَاءَنَا؛ فَإِمَّا أَنْ تَكُفَّهُ عَنَّا، وَإِمَّا أَنَّ تُخِلِّي بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُ، فَإِنَّكَ عَلَى مِثْلِ مَا نَحْنُ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خِلَافِهِ، فَنَكْفِيكَهُ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ أَبُو طَالِبٍ قَوْلًا رَفِيقًا، وَرَدَّهُمْ رَدًّا جَمِيلًا، فَانْصَرَفُوا عَنْهُ. [ اسْتِمْرَارُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فِي دَعْوَتِهِ، وَرُجُوعُ وَفْدِ قُرَيْشٍ إلَى أَبِي طَالِبٍ ثَانِيَةً ] وَمَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلَى مَا هُوَ عَلَيْهِ، يُظْهِرُ دِينَ اللَّهِ، وَيَدْعُو إلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ شَرَى الْأَمْرُ بَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَهُمْ حَتَّى تَبَاعَدَ الرِّجَالُ وَتَضَاغَنُوا، وَأَكْثَرَتْ قُرَيْشٌ ذِكْرَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ بَيْنَهَا، فَتَذَامَرُوا فِيهِ، وَحَضَّ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا عَلَيْهِ، ثُمَّ إنَّهُمْ مَشَوْا إلَى أَبِي طَالِبٍ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى، فَقَالُوا لَهُ: يَا أَبَا طَالِبٍ، إنَّ لَكَ سِنًّا وَشَرَفًا وَمَنْزِلَةً فِينَا، وَإِنَّا قَدْ اسْتَنْهَيْنَاكَ مِنْ ابْنِ أَخِيكَ فَلَمْ تَنْهَهُ عَنَّا، وَإِنَّا وَاَللَّهِ لَا نَصْبِرُ عَلَى هَذَا مِنْ شَتْمِ آبَائِنَا، وَتَسْفِيهِ أَحْلَامِنَا، وَعَيْبِ آلِهَتِنَا، حَتَّى تَكُفَّهُ عَنَّا، أَوْ نُنَازِلَهُ وَإِيَّاكَ فِي ذَلِكَ، حَتَّى يَهْلِكَ أَحَدُ الْفَرِيقَيْنِ، أَوْ كَمَا قَالُوا لَهُ. ( ثُمَّ ) انْصَرَفُوا عَنْهُ، فَعَظُمَ عَلَى أَبِي طَالِبٍ فِرَاقُ قَوْمِهِ وَعَدَاوَتُهُمْ، وَلَمْ يَطِبْ نَفْسًا بِإِسْلَامِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ لَهُمْ وَلَا خِذْلَانِهِ.
Translation
✧ [The open hostility of his people ﷺ toward him, and the solicitous care of his uncle Abū Ṭālib for him] Ibn Isḥāq said: When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ openly proclaimed Islam to his people and made it public as Allah commanded him, his people did not distance themselves from him, nor did they oppose him—according to what has reached me—until he mentioned their gods and disparaged them. When he did that, they regarded it as a grave matter, rejected him, and resolved to oppose him and show enmity toward him, except those whom Allah Almighty protected from among them through Islam—and they were few, keeping themselves hidden. His uncle Abū Ṭālib showed solicitous care for the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, defended him, and stood before him. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ continued with the command of Allah, manifesting His command, and nothing turned him away from it. When Quraysh saw that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would not relent toward them in any matter they disapproved of—his separation from them and his disparagement of their gods—and they saw that his uncle Abū Ṭālib had shown solicitous care for him and stood before him, not delivering him to them, some men of the nobles of Quraysh went to Abū Ṭālib: ʿUtbah and Shaybah, the two sons of Rabīʿah b. ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Manāf b. Quṣayy b. Kilāb b. Murrah b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy b. Ghālib; and Abū Sufyān b. Ḥarb b. Umayyah b. ʿAbd Shams b. ʿAbd Manāf b. Quṣayy b. Kilāb b. Murrah b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy b. Ghālib b. Fihr. Ibn Hishām said: Abū Sufyān's name was Ṣakhr. Ibn Isḥāq said: And Abū al-Bakhtarī, whose name was al-ʿĀṣ b. Hishām b. al-Ḥārith b. Asad b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā b. Quṣayy b. Kilāb b. Murrah b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy. Ibn Hishām said: Abū al-Bakhtarī was al-ʿĀṣ b. Hāshim. Ibn Isḥāq said: And al-Aswad b. al-Muṭṭalib b. Asad b. ʿAbd al-ʿUzzā b. Quṣayy b. Kilāb b. Murrah b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy. And Abū Jahl—whose name was ʿAmr, and he was called Abū al-Ḥakam—b. Hishām b. al-Mughīrah b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar b. Makhzūm b. Yaqaẓah b. Murrah b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy. And al-Walīd b. al-Mughīrah b. ʿAbd Allāh b. ʿUmar b. Makhzūm b. Yaqaẓah b. Murrah b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy. And Nabīh and Munabbih, the two sons of al-Ḥajjāj b. ʿĀmir b. Ḥudhayfah b. Saʿd b. Sahm b. ʿAmr b. Huṣayṣ b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy. And al-ʿĀṣ b. Wāʾil. Ibn Hishām said: Al-ʿĀṣ b. Wāʾil b. Hāshim b. Saʿīd b. Sahm b. ʿAmr b. Huṣayṣ b. Kaʿb b. Luʾayy. [The delegation of Quraysh with Abū Ṭālib concerning the Messenger ﷺ] Ibn Isḥāq said: Or those of them who went. They said: "O Abū Ṭālib, your nephew has insulted our gods, disparaged our religion, called our forbears foolish, and led our fathers astray. Either you restrain him from us, or leave us alone with him, for you are in the same position as we in opposing him, and we will deal with him for you." Abū Ṭālib spoke to them gently and turned them away with a gracious reply, and they left him. [The Messenger of Allah ﷺ continuing his call, and the return of the delegation of Quraysh to Abū Ṭālib a second time] The Messenger of Allah ﷺ continued as he was, manifesting the religion of Allah and calling to it. Then the matter between him and them intensified until the men distanced themselves from one another and harbored mutual rancor. Quraysh increasingly mentioned the Messenger of Allah ﷺ among themselves, inciting one another against him, urging each other upon him. Then they went to Abū Ṭālib another time and said to him: "O Abū Ṭālib, you have age, honor, and standing among us. We have already asked you to restrain your nephew, but you have not restrained him from us. By Allah, we will not tolerate this—the reviling of our fathers, the calling of our forbears foolish, and the disparagement of our gods—until you restrain him from us, or we will fight him and you in this matter until one of the two parties perishes," or words to that effect. Then they left him. The separation from his people and their enmity weighed heavily upon Abū Ṭālib, and he was not at ease with delivering the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to them or forsaking him.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.