Tarikh (al-Tabari) 719
The first Companions to embrace Islam ᴿᴬ
إسْلَامُ حَمْزَةَ رَحِمَهُ اللَّهُ [ أَذَاةُ أَبِي جَهْلٍ لِلرَّسُولِ ﷺ، وَوُقُوفُ حَمْزَةَ عَلَى ذَلِكَ ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: حَدَّثَنِي رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَسْلَمَ، كَانَ وَاعِيَةً: أَنَّ أَبَا جَهْلٍ مَرَّ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عِنْدَ الصَّفَا، فَآذَاهُ وَشَتَمَهُ، وَنَالَ مِنْهُ بَعْضَ مَا يَكْرَهُ مِنْ الْعَيْبِ لِدِينِهِ، وَالتَّضْعِيفِ لِأَمْرِهِ؛ فَلَمْ يُكَلِّمْهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَمَوْلَاةٌ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جُدْعَانَ بْنِ عَمْرِو بْنِ كَعْبِ بْنِ سَعْدِ بْنِ تَيْمِ بْنِ مُرَّةَ فِي مَسْكَنٍ لَهَا تَسْمَعُ ذَلِكَ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ عَنْهُ فَعَمَدَ إلَى نَادٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ عِنْدَ الْكَعْبَةِ، فَجَلَسَ مَعَهُمْ. فَلَمْ يَلْبَثْ حَمْزَةُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ ؓ أَنْ أَقْبَلَ مُتَوَشِّحًا قَوْسَهُ، رَاجِعًا مِنْ قَنْصٍ لَهُ، وَكَانَ صَاحِبَ قَنْصٍ يَرْمِيهِ وَيَخْرُجُ لَهُ، وَكَانَ إذَا رَجَعَ مِنْ قَنْصِهِ لَمْ يَصِلْ إلَى أَهْلِهِ حَتَّى يَطُوفَ بِالْكَعْبَةِ، وَكَانَ إذَا فَعَلَ ذَلِكَ لَمْ يَمُرَّ عَلَى نَادٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إلَّا وَقَفَ وَسَلَّمَ وَتَحَدَّثَ مَعَهُمْ، وَكَانَ أَعَزَّ فَتًى فِي قُرَيْشٍ، وَأَشَدَّ شَكِيمَةً. فَلَمَّا مَرَّ بِالْمَوْلَاةِ، وَقَدْ رَجَعَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى بَيْتِهِ، قَالَتْ لَهُ: يَا أَبَا عُمَارَةَ، لَوْ رَأَيْتَ مَا لَقِيَ ابْنُ أَخِيكَ مُحَمَّدٌ آنِفًا مِنْ أَبِي الْحَكَمِ بْنِ هِشَامٍ: وَجَدَهُ هَاهُنَا جَالِسًا فَآذَاهُ وَسَبَّهُ، وَبَلَغَ مِنْهُ مَا يَكْرَهُ، ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَ عَنْهُ وَلَمْ يُكَلِّمْهُ مُحَمَّدٌ ﷺ. [ إيقَاعُ حَمْزَةَ بِأَبِي جَهْلٍ وَإِسْلَامُهُ ] فَاحْتَمَلَ حَمْزَةَ الْغَضَبُ لَمَّا أَرَادَ اللَّهُ بِهِ مِنْ كَرَامَتِهِ، فَخَرَجَ يَسْعَى وَلَمْ يَقِفْ عَلَى أَحَدٍ، مُعِدًّا لِأَبِي جَهْلٍ إذَا لَقِيَهُ أَنْ يُوقِعَ بِهِ؛ فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْمَسْجِدَ نَظَرَ إلَيْهِ جَالِسًا فِي الْقَوْمِ، فَأَقْبَلَ نَحْوَهُ، حَتَّى إذَا قَامَ عَلَى رَأْسِهِ رَفَعَ الْقَوْسَ فَضَرَبَهُ بِهَا فَشَجَّهُ شَجَّةً مُنْكَرَةً، ثُمَّ قَالَ: أَتَشْتِمُهُ وَأَنَا عَلَى دِينِهِ أَقُولُ مَا يَقُولُ ؟ فَرُدَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيَّ إنْ اسْتَطَعْتُ. فَقَامَتْ رِجَالٌ مِنْ بَنِي مَخْزُومٍ إلَى حَمْزَةَ لِيَنْصُرُوا أَبَا جَهْلٍ؛ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ: دَعُوا أَبَا عُمَارَةَ، فَإِنِّي وَاَللَّهِ قَدْ سَبَبْتُ ابْنَ أَخِيهِ سَبًّا قَبِيحًا، وَتَمَّ حَمْزَةُ ؓ عَلَى إسْلَامِهِ، وَعَلَى مَا تَابَعَ عَلَيْهِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ قَوْلِهِ. فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمَ حَمْزَةُ عَرَفَتْ قُرَيْشٌ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَدْ عَزَّ وَامْتَنَعَ، وَأَنَّ حَمْزَةَ سَيَمْنَعُهُ، فَكَفُّوا عَنْ بَعْضِ مَا كَانُوا يَنَالُونَ مِنْهُ. قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: ثُمَّ رَجَعَ حَمْزَةُ إِلَى بَيْتِهِ، فَأَتَاهُ الشَّيْطَانُ، فَقَالَ: أَنْتَ سَيِّدُ قُرَيْشٍ، اتَّبَعْتَ هَذَا الصَّابِئَ، وَتَرَكْتَ دِينَ آبَائِكَ، لَلْمَوْتُ خَيْرٌ لَكَ مِمَّا صَنَعْتَ. فَأَقْبَلَ عَلَى حَمْزَةَ بَثُّهُ، وَقَالَ: مَا صَنَعْتُ ! اللَّهُمَّ إِنْ كَانَ رُشْدًا فَاجْعَلْ تَصْدِيقَهُ فِي قَلْبِي، وَإِلَّا فَاجْعَلْ لِي مِمَّا وَقَعْتُ فِيهِ مَخْرَجًا. فَبَاتَ بِلَيْلَةٍ لَمْ يَبِتْ بِمِثْلِهَا مِنْ وَسْوَسَةِ الشَّيْطَانِ، حَتَّى أَصْبَحَ فَغَدَا عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَقَالَ يَا بْنَ أَخِي، إِنِّي قَدْ وَقَعْتُ فِي أَمْرٍ لَا أَعْرِفُ الْمَخْرَجَ مِنْهُ، وَإِقَامَةُ مِثْلِي عَلَى مَا لَا أَدْرِي مَا هُوَ أَرُشْدٌ هُوَ أَمْ غَيٌّ، شَدِيدٌ، فَحَدِّثْنِي حَدِيثًا فَقَدِ اشْتَهَيْتُ يَا بْنَ أَخِي أَنْ تُحَدِّثَنِي. فَأَقْبَلَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَذَكَّرَهُ وَوَعَظَهُ، وَخَوَّفَهُ وَبَشَّرَهُ، فَأَلْقَى اللَّهُ فِي قَلْبِهِ الْإِيمَانَ بِمَا قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ. فَقَالَ: أَشْهَدُ أَنَّكَ الصَّادِقُ شَهَادَةَ الصِّدْقِ، فَأَظْهِرْ يَا بْنَ أَخِي دِينَكَ، فَوَاللَّهِ مَا أُحِبُّ أَنَّ لِي مَا أَظَلَّتْهُ السَّمَاءُ وَأَنِّي عَلَى دِينِيَ الْأَوَّلِ. فَكَانَ حَمْزَةُ مِمَّنْ أَعَزَّ اللَّهُ بِهِ الدِّينَ. وَهَكَذَا رَوَاهُ الْبَيْهَقِيُّ وَقَالَ حَمْزَةُ حِينَ أَسْلَمَ: حَمِدْتُ اللَّهَ حِينَ هَدَى فُؤَادِي إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ وَالدِّينِ الْحَنِيفِ لِدِينٍ جَاءَ مِنْ رَبٍّ عَزِيزٍ خَبِيرٍ بِالْعِبَادِ بِهِمْ لَطِيفِ إِذَا تُلِيَتْ رَسَائِلُهُ عَلَيْنَا تَحَدَّرْ دَمْعُ ذِي اللُّبِّ الْحَصِيفِ رَسَائِلُ جَاءَ أَحْمَدُ مِنْ هُدَاهَا بِآيَاتٍ مُبَيِّنَةِ الْحُرُوفِ وَأَحْمَدُ مُصْطَفَى فِينَا مُطَاعٌ فَلَا تَغْشُوهُ بِالْقَوْلِ الضَّعِيفِ فَلَا وَاللَّهِ نُسْلِمُهُ لِقَوْمٍ وَلَمَّا نَقْضِ فِيهِمْ بِالسُّيُوفِ وَنَتْرُكُ مِنْهُمُ قَتْلَى بِقَاعٍ عَلَيْهَا الطَّيْرُ كَالْوِرْدِ الْعُكُوفِ وَقَدْ خُبِّرَتْ مَا صَنَعَتْ ثَقِيفُ بِهِ فَجَزَى الْقَبَائِلَ مِنْ ثَقِيفِ إِلَهُ النَّاسِ شَرَّ جَزَاءِ قَوْمٍ وَلَا أَسْقَاهُمُ صَوْبَ الْخَرِيفِ
Translation
✧ The Islam of Ḥamzah, may Allah have mercy on him [Abū Jahl's harm to the Messenger ﷺ, and Ḥamzah's coming upon that] Ibn Isḥāq said: A man from Aslam, who was a retentive memorizer, related to me: Abū Jahl passed by the Messenger of Allah ﷺ at al-Ṣafā, and he harmed him, reviled him, and directed at him some of the detested insults against his religion and belittling of his affair. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ did not speak to him. A freedwoman of ʿAbd Allah b. Judʿān b. ʿAmr b. Kaʿb b. Saʿd b. Taym b. Murrah was in a dwelling of hers listening to that. Then Abū Jahl departed from him and went to an assembly of Quraysh by the Kaʿbah and sat with them. Ḥamzah b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ؓ did not tarry before he came, having slung his bow over his shoulder, returning from a hunt of his. He was a hunter who shot and went out for it. When he returned from his hunt, he would not reach his family until he circumambulated the Kaʿbah. When he did so, he would not pass by any assembly of Quraysh except that he stopped, greeted, and spoke with them. He was the mightiest young man in Quraysh and the firmest in resolve. When he passed by the freedwoman, and the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had already returned to his house, she said to him: O Abū ʿUmārah, if only you had seen what your nephew Muḥammad just now met from Abū al-Ḥakam b. Hishām: he found him sitting here, harmed him, insulted him, and reached him with what he disliked, then departed from him, and Muḥammad ﷺ did not speak to him. [Ḥamzah's assault on Abū Jahl and his Islam] Anger seized Ḥamzah, because Allah willed honor for him through it. He went out hastening and did not stop at anyone, making ready for Abū Jahl, so that if he met him he would strike him. When he entered the mosque, he looked at him sitting among the people. He approached him until, when he stood over his head, he raised the bow and struck him with it, gashing him with a severe gash. Then he said: Do you revile him while I am upon his religion, saying what he says? Return that upon me if you are able. Men of Banū Makhzūm stood up to Ḥamzah to aid Abū Jahl. Abū Jahl said: Leave Abū ʿUmārah alone, for by Allah I did insult his nephew with an ugly insult. Ḥamzah ؓ persisted in his Islam and in that upon which he followed the Messenger of Allah ﷺ of his saying. When Ḥamzah embraced Islam, Quraysh knew that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ had become mighty and protected, and that Ḥamzah would defend him, so they refrained from some of what they used to inflict upon him. Ibn Isḥāq said: Then Ḥamzah returned to his house. Satan came to him and said: You are the chief of Quraysh; you have followed this Ṣābiʾ and abandoned the religion of your forefathers. Death is better for you than what you have done. Distress came upon Ḥamzah, and he said: What have I done! O Allah, if it is right guidance, then place its affirmation in my heart; otherwise, make for me a way out of what I have fallen into. He spent a night such as he had never spent, due to Satan's whispering, until morning came. He went early to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and said: O son of my brother, I have fallen into a matter from which I do not know the way out. For one like me to remain upon what I do not know, whether it is right guidance or error, is hard. Tell me something, for I have desired, O son of my brother, that you tell me. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ turned to him, reminded him, exhorted him, made him fear and gave him glad tidings, and Allah cast into his heart faith in what the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said. He said: I bear witness that you are the truthful one, with a testimony of truth. So proclaim your religion, O son of my brother, for by Allah I would not love to have all that the sky shades while I were upon my first religion. Ḥamzah was among those through whom Allah strengthened the religion. Thus al-Bayhaqī narrated it, and Ḥamzah said when he embraced Islam: I praised Allah when He guided my heart to Islam and the upright religion To a religion that came from a Mighty Lord, All-Aware of His servants, Kind to them When His messages are recited to us, the tears of the keen-minded one flow Messages whose guidance Aḥmad brought with clear, lettered verses And Aḥmad is a chosen one among us, obeyed; so do not assail him with feeble speech No, by Allah, we will not surrender him to a people while we have not yet stricken among them with swords And we will leave among them slain upon a plain, over which birds hover like those arriving at water Thaqīf has been told what they did with him, so may the God of mankind repay the tribes of Thaqīf With the worst recompense of a people, and may He not give them to drink the rain of autumn
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