Tarikh (al-Tabari) 714
The first Companions to embrace Islam ᴿᴬ
ذِكْرُ أَنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ أَوَّلُ ذَكَرٍ أَسْلَمَ قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: ثُمَّ كَانَ أَوَّلَ ذَكَرٍ مِنْ النَّاسِ آمَنَ بِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَصَلَّى مَعَهُ وَصَدَّقَ بِمَا جَاءَهُ مِنْ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى: عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ بْنِ هَاشِمٍ، رِضْوَانُ اللَّهِ وَسَلَامُهُ عَلَيْهِ، وَهُوَ يَوْمئِذٍ ابْنُ عَشْرِ سِنِينَ. [ نَشَأَتْهُ فِي حِجْرِ الرَّسُولِ ﷺ وَسَبَبُ ذَلِكَ ] وَكَانَ مِمَّا أَنْعَمَ اللَّهُ ( بِهِ ) عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ، أَنَّهُ كَانَ فِي حِجْرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَبْلَ الْإِسْلَامِ. قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَحَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهَدِ بْنِ جَبْرٍ أَبِي الْحَجَّاجِ قَالَ: كَانَ مِنْ نِعْمَةِ اللَّهِ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، وَمِمَّا صَنَعَ اللَّهُ لَهُ، وَأَرَادَهُ بِهِ مِنْ الْخَيْرِ، أَنَّ قُرَيْشًا أَصَابَتْهُمْ أَزْمَةٌ شَدِيدَةٌ، وَكَانَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ ذَا عِيَالٍ كَثِيرٍ: فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ لِلْعَبَّاسِ عَمِّهِ، وَكَانَ مِنْ أَيْسَرِ بَنِي هَاشِمٍ، يَا عَبَّاسُ: إنَّ أَخَاكَ أَبَا طَالِبٍ كَثِيرُ الْعِيَالِ، وَقَدْ أَصَابَ النَّاسَ مَا تَرَى مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَزْمَةِ، فَانْطَلِقْ بِنَا إلَيْهِ، فَلْنُخَفِّفْ عَنْهُ مِنْ عِيَالِهِ، آخُذُ مِنْ بَنِيهِ رَجُلًا، وَتَأْخُذُ أَنْتَ رَجُلًا، فَنَكِلُهُمَا عَنْهُ فَقَالَ الْعَبَّاسُ: نَعَمْ. فَانْطَلَقَا حَتَّى أَتَيَا أَبَا طَالِبٍ، فَقَالَا لَهُ: إنَّا نُرِيدُ أَنْ نُخَفِّفَ عَنْكَ مِنْ عِيَالِكَ حَتَّى يَنْكَشِفَ عَنْ النَّاسِ مَا هُمْ فِيهِ؛ فَقَالَ لَهُمَا أَبُو طَالِبٍ: إذَا تَرَكْتُمَا لِي عَقِيلًا فَاصْنَعَا مَا شِئْتُمَا - قَالَ ابْنُ هِشَامٍ: وَيُقَالُ: عَقِيلًا وَطَالِبًا. فَأَخَذَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَلِيًّا، فَضَمَّهُ إلَيْهِ، وَأَخَذَ الْعَبَّاسُ جَعْفَرًا فَضَمَّهُ إلَيْهِ؛ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ عَلِيٌّ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى بَعَثَهُ اللَّهُ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى نَبِيًّا، فَاتَّبَعَهُ عَلِيٌّ ؓ، وَآمَنَ بِهِ وَصَدَّقَهُ؛ وَلَمْ يَزَلْ جَعْفَرٌ عِنْدَ الْعَبَّاسِ حَتَّى أَسْلَمَ وَاسْتَغْنَى عَنْهُ. وفي الكامل عن ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ عَلِيٌّ وَعُمْرُهُ إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. وقَالَ الْكَلْبِيُّ: كَانَ عُمْرُهُ تِسْعَ سِنِينَ، وَقِيلَ: إِحْدَى عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً. وفي زاد المعاد: وَبَادَرَ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ ، وَكَانَ ابْنَ ثَمَانِ سِنِينَ، وَقِيلَ: أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ، وَكَانَ فِي كَفَالَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: ثُمَّ إِنَّ عَلِيَّ بْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ؓ جَاءَ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ بِيَوْمٍ، وَهُمَا يُصَلِّيَانِ، فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: يَا مُحَمَّدُ مَا هَذَا ؟ قَالَ: " دِينُ اللَّهِ الَّذِي اصْطَفَى لِنَفْسِهِ، وَبَعَثَ بِهِ رُسُلَهُ، فَأَدْعُوكَ إِلَى اللَّهِ وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَإِلَى عِبَادَتِهِ، وَأَنْ تَكْفُرَ بِاللَّاتِ وَالْعُزَّى ". فَقَالَ عَلِيٌّ: هَذَا أَمْرٌ لَمْ أَسْمَعْ بِهِ قَبْلَ الْيَوْمِ، فَلَسْتُ بِقَاضٍ أَمْرًا حَتَّى أُحَدِّثَ بِهِ أَبَا طَالِبٍ. فَكَرِهَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَنْ يُفْشِيَ عَلَيْهِ سَرَّهُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يَسْتَعْلِنَ أَمْرُهُ. فَقَالَ لَهُ: " يَا عَلِيُّ إِذَا لَمْ تُسْلِمْ فَاكْتُمْ ". فَمَكَثَ عَلِيٌّ تِلْكَ اللَّيْلَةَ، ثُمَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ أَوْقَعَ فِي قَلْبِ عَلِيٍّ الْإِسْلَامَ، فَأَصْبَحَ غَادِيًا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ حَتَّى جَاءَهُ، فَقَالَ: مَاذَا عَرَضْتَ عَلَيَّ يَا مُحَمَّدُ ؟ فَقَالَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: " تَشْهَدُ أَنْ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا اللَّهُ، وَحْدَهُ لَا شَرِيكَ لَهُ، وَتَكْفُرُ بِاللَّاتَ وَالْعُزَّى، وَتَبْرَأُ مِنَ الْأَنْدَادِ ". فَفَعَلَ عَلِيٌّ وَأَسْلَمَ، وَمَكَثَ يَأْتِيهِ عَلَى خَوْفٍ مِنْ أَبِي طَالِبٍ وَكَتَمَ عَلِيٌّ إِسْلَامَهُ، وَلَمْ يُظْهِرْهُ. [ خُرُوجُ عَلِيٍّ مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ إلَى شِعَابِ مَكَّةَ يُصَلِّيَانِ ، وَوُقُوفُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَى أَمْرِهِمَا ] قَالَ ابْنُ إسْحَاقَ: وَذَكَرَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ كَانَ إذَا حَضَرَتْ الصَّلَاةُ خَرَجَ إلَى شِعَابِ مَكَّةَ، وَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ مُسْتَخْفِيًا مِنْ أَبِيهِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. وَمِنْ جَمِيعِ أَعْمَامِهِ وَسَائِرِ قَوْمِهِ، فَيُصَلِّيَانِ الصَّلَوَاتِ فِيهَا، فَإِذَا أَمْسَيَا رَجَعَا. فَمَكَثَا كَذَلِكَ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَمْكُثَا. ثُمَّ إنَّ أَبَا طَالِبٍ عَثَرَ عَلَيْهِمَا يَوْمًا وَهُمَا يُصَلِّيَانِ، فَقَالَ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ: يَا ابْنَ أَخِي مَا هَذَا الدِّينُ الَّذِي أَرَاكَ تَدِينُ بِهِ ؟ قَالَ: أَيْ عَمِّ، هَذَا دِينُ اللَّهِ، وَدِينُ مَلَائِكَتِهِ، وَدِينُ رُسُلِهِ، وَدِينُ أَبِينَا إبْرَاهِيمَ - أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ ﷺ - بَعَثَنِي اللَّهُ بِهِ رَسُولًا إلَى الْعِبَادِ، وَأَنْتَ أَيْ عَمِّ، أَحَقُّ مَنْ بَذَلْتُ لَهُ النَّصِيحَةَ، وَدَعَوْتُهُ إلَى الْهُدَى، وَأَحَقُّ مَنْ أَجَابَنِي إلَيْهِ وَأَعَانَنِي عَلَيْهِ، أَوْ كَمَا قَالَ؛ فَقَالَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ: أَيْ ابْنَ أَخِي، إنِّي لَا أَسْتَطِيعُ أَنْ أُفَارِقَ دِينَ آبَائِي وَمَا كَانُوا عَلَيْهِ، وَلَكِنْ وَاَللَّهِ لَا يَخْلُصُ إلَيْكَ بِشَيْءٍ تَكْرَهُهُ مَا بَقِيتُ وَذَكَرُوا أَنَّهُ قَالَ لِعَلِيٍّ: أَيْ بُنَيَّ، مَا هَذَا الدِّينُ الَّذِي أَنْتَ عَلَيْهِ ؟ فَقَالَ: يَا أَبَتِ، آمَنْتُ بِاَللَّهِ وَبِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ، وَصَدَّقْتُهُ بِمَا جَاءَ بِهِ، وَصَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ لِلَّهِ وَاتَّبَعْتُهُ. فَزَعَمُوا أَنَّهُ قَالَ لَهُ: أَمَا إنَّهُ لَمْ يَدْعُكَ إلَّا إلَى خَيْرٍ فَالْزَمْهُ. عَنْ حَيَّةَ الْعَوْفِيِّ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُ عَلِيًّا عَلَيْهِ السَّلَامُ ضَحِكَ عَلَى الْمِنْبَرِ لَمْ أَرَهُ ضَحِكَ ضَحِكًا قَطُّ أَكْثَرَ مِنْهُ، حَتَّى بَدَتْ نَوَاجِذُهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: ذَكَرْتُ قَوْلَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ ظَهَرَ عَلَيْنَا أَبُو طَالِبٍ وَأَنَا مَعَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ، وَنَحْنُ نُصَلِّي بِبَطْنِ نَخْلَةَ، فَقَالَ: مَاذَا تَصْنَعَانِ يَا بْنَ أَخِي؟ فَدَعَاهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، فَقَالَ: مَا بِالَّذِي تَصْنَعَانِ مِنْ بَاسٍ - أَوْ مَا بِالَّذِي تَقُولَانِ بَأْسٌ - وَلَكِنِّي لَا وَاللَّهِ لَا تَعْلُونِي اسْتِي أَبَدًا، وَضَحِكَ تَعَجُّبًا بِقَوْلِ أَبِيهِ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: لَا أَعْرَفُ أَنَّ عَبْدًا لَكَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ عَبَدَكَ قَبْلِي غَيْرَ نَبِيِّكَ - ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ - لَقَدْ صَلَّيْتُ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُصَلِّيَ النَّاسُ سَبْعًا. وعَنْ عُفَيِّفٍ وَكَانَ عُفَيِّفٌ أَخَا الْأَشْعَثِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ لِأُمِّهِ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: كُنْتُ امْرَأً تَاجِرًا، فَقَدِمْتُ مِنًى أَيَّامَ الْحَجِّ، وَكَانَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ امْرَأً تَاجِرًا، فَأَتَيْتُهُ أَبْتَاعُ مِنْهُ وَأَبِيعُهُ، قَالَ: فَبَيْنَا نَحْنُ إِذْ خَرَجَ رَجُلٌ مَنْ خِبَاءٍ فَقَامَ يُصَلِّي تِجَاهَ الْكَعْبَةِ، ثُمَّ خَرَجَتِ امْرَأَةٌ فَقَامَتْ تُصَلِّي، وَخَرَجَ غُلَامٌ فَقَامَ يُصَلِّي مَعَهُ، فَقُلْتُ: يَا عَبَّاسُ مَا هَذَا الدِّينُ ؟ إِنَّ هَذَا الدِّينَ مَا نَدْرِي مَا هُوَ ؟ فَقَالَ: هَذَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ يَزْعُمُ أَنَّ اللَّهَ أَرْسَلَهُ، وَأَنَّ كُنُوزَ كِسْرَى وَقَيْصَرَ سَتُفْتَحُ عَلَيْهِ، وَهَذِهِ امْرَأَتُهُ خَدِيجَةُ بِنْتُ خُوَيْلِدٍ آمَنَتْ بِهِ، وَهَذَا الْغُلَامُ ابْنُ عَمِّهِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ آمَنَ بِهِ. قَالَ عُفَيِّفٌ: فَلَيْتَنِي كُنْتُ آمَنْتُ يَوْمَئِذٍ فَكُنْتُ أَكُونُ ثَانِيًا. وَقَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَعْبٍ: أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ خَدِيجَةُ، وَأَوَّلُ رَجُلَيْنِ أَسْلَمَا أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَعَلِيٌّ وَأَسْلَمَ عَلِيٌّ قَبْلَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَكَانَ عَلِيٌّ يَكْتُمُ إِيمَانَهُ خَوْفًا مِنْ أَبِيهِ، حَتَّى لَقِيَهُ أَبُوهُ، قَالَ: أَسْلَمْتَ ؟ قَالَ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: وَآزِرِ ابْنَ عَمِّكَ وَانْصُرْهُ. قَالَ: وَكَانَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ أَوَّلَ مَنْ أَظْهَرَ الْإِسْلَامَ. وَعَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: بُعِثَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ يَوْمَ الِاثْنَيْنِ، وَصَلَّى عَلِيٌّ يَوْمَ الثُّلَاثَاءِ. وَقَالَ آخَرُونَ: أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأُمَّةِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ . وَالْجَمْعُ بَيْنَ الْأَقْوَالِ كُلِّهَا أَنَّ خَدِيجَةَ أَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنَ النِّسَاءِ، وَظَاهِرُ السِّيَاقَاتِ، وَقَبْلَ الرِّجَالِ أَيْضًا. وَأَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنَ الْمَوَالِي زَيْدُ بْنُ حَارِثَةَ وَأَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنَ الْغِلْمَانِ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ فَإِنَّهُ كَانَ صَغِيرًا دُونَ الْبُلُوغِ عَلَى الْمَشْهُورِ، وَهَؤُلَاءِ كَانُوا إِذْ ذَاكَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ، وَأَوَّلُ مَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ الْأَحْرَارِ أَبُو بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقُ وَإِسْلَامُهُ كَانَ أَنْفَعَ مِنْ إِسْلَامِ مَنْ تَقَدَّمَ ذِكْرُهُمْ ; إِذْ كَانَ صَدْرًا مُعَظَّمًا، وَرَئِيسًا فِي قُرَيْشٍ مُكَرَّمًا، وَصَاحِبَ مَالٍ، وَدَاعِيَةً إِلَى الْإِسْلَامِ، وَكَانَ مُحَبَّبًا مُتَأَلِّفًا يَبْذُلُ الْمَالَ فِي طَاعَةِ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ.
Translation
✧ Mention that ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ was the first male to embrace Islam Ibn Isḥāq said: Then the first male among the people to believe in the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, pray with him, and affirm what came to him from Allah Almighty was ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib b. Hāshim, may Allah’s good pleasure and ﷺ, and he was at that time ten years old. [His upbringing in the care of the Messenger ﷺ and the reason for that] Among the blessings Allah bestowed upon ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ was that he was in the care of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ before Islam. Ibn Isḥāq said: ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Najīḥ narrated to me, from Mujāhid b. Jabr Abū al-Ḥajjāj, who said: Among Allah’s blessings upon ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib, and among what Allah did for him and intended for him of good, was that Quraysh was struck by a severe famine, and Abū Ṭālib had many dependents. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to al-ʿAbbās, his paternal uncle, who was among the wealthiest of Banū Hāshim: “O ʿAbbās, your brother Abū Ṭālib has many dependents, and the people have been struck by what you see of this famine. Come with us to him so that we may relieve him of some of his dependents. I will take one of his sons, and you take one, and we will support them on his behalf.” Al-ʿAbbās said: “Yes.” So they went until they came to Abū Ṭālib and said to him: “We wish to relieve you of some of your dependents until what the people are suffering from passes.” Abū Ṭālib said to them: “If you leave me ʿAqīl, then do as you wish.” Ibn Hishām said: It is also said: ʿAqīl and Ṭālib. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ took ʿAlī and drew him to himself, and al-ʿAbbās took Jaʿfar and drew him to himself. ʿAlī remained with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ until Allah, Blessed and Exalted, sent him as a prophet, and ʿAlī ؓ followed him, believed in him, and affirmed him. Jaʿfar remained with al-ʿAbbās until he embraced Islam and became independent of him. In al-Kāmil, from Ibn Isḥāq: The first to embrace Islam was ʿAlī, and his age was eleven years. Al-Kalbī said: His age was nine years, and it was also said: eleven years. In Zād al-Maʿād: ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ hastened to Islam, and he was eight years old, and it was said: more than that, and he was in the guardianship of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Ibn Isḥāq said: Then ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib ؓ came a day later, while they were praying, and ʿAlī said: “O Muḥammad, what is this?” He said: “The religion of Allah which He chose for Himself and with which He sent His messengers. I call you to Allah alone, with no partner, and to His worship, and to disbelieve in al-Lāt and al-ʿUzzā.” ʿAlī said: “This is a matter I have not heard of before today, so I will not decide anything until I speak of it to Abū Ṭālib.” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ disliked that his secret be divulged before his affair became public, so he said to him: “O ʿAlī, if you do not embrace Islam, then conceal it.” ʿAlī stayed that night, then Allah cast Islam into ʿAlī’s heart, and he went out in the morning to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ until he came to him and said: “What did you offer me, O Muḥammad?” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said to him: “Testify that there is no god but Allah, alone with no partner, disbelieve in al-Lāt and al-ʿUzzā, and renounce rivals.” ʿAlī did so and embraced Islam, and he continued to come to him in fear of Abū Ṭālib, and ʿAlī concealed his Islam and did not reveal it. [ʿAlī’s going out with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ to the mountain passes of Makkah to pray, and Abū Ṭālib’s discovering their affair] Ibn Isḥāq said: Some of the people of knowledge mentioned that when prayer time came, the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would go out to the mountain passes of Makkah, and ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib would go out with him, hiding from his father Abū Ṭālib, from all his paternal uncles, and from the rest of his people, and they would pray the prayers there. When evening came, they would return. They continued thus as long as Allah willed. Then one day Abū Ṭālib came upon them while they were praying, and he said to the Messenger of Allah ﷺ: “O son of my brother, what is this religion that I see you professing?” He said: “O my uncle, this is the religion of Allah, the religion of His angels, the religion of His messengers, and the religion of our father Ibrāhīm” — or as he ﷺ said — “Allah sent me with it as a messenger to the servants, and you, O my uncle, are the most deserving of those to whom I offer sincere counsel and whom I call to guidance, and the most deserving of those who should answer me and help me” — or as he said. Abū Ṭālib said: “O son of my brother, I cannot abandon the religion of my forefathers and what they followed, but by Allah, nothing you dislike will reach you as long as I live.” They mentioned that he said to ʿAlī: “O my son, what is this religion that you follow?” He said: “O my father, I have believed in Allah and in the Messenger of Allah, affirmed what he brought, prayed with him for Allah, and followed him.” They claimed that he said to him: “Indeed, he has not called you except to good, so cling to him.” From Ḥayya al-ʿAwfī, who said: I saw ʿAlī ﷺ laugh on the pulpit as I had never seen him laugh more, until his molars showed, then he said: I remembered the words of Abū Ṭālib. Abū Ṭālib came upon us while I was with the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and we were praying in Baṭn Nakhla. He said: “What are you two doing, O son of my brother?” The Messenger of Allah ﷺ called him to Islam, and he said: “There is no harm in what you two are doing” — or “in what you two say” — “but by Allah, I will never let my backside be above me.” And he laughed in amazement at his father’s words, then said: “I do not know of any servant of Yours from this community who worshipped You before me other than Your Prophet” — three times — “I prayed seven years before the people prayed.” From ʿUfayf — and ʿUfayf was the maternal brother of al-Ashʿath b. Qays — that he said: I was a merchant, and I came to Minā during the days of the pilgrimage. Al-ʿAbbās b. ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib was also a merchant, and I came to him to buy from him and sell to him. He said: While we were thus, a man came out of a tent and stood praying facing the Kaʿba. Then a woman came out and stood praying, and a boy came out and stood praying with him. I said: “O ʿAbbās, what is this religion? We do not know what this religion is.” He said: “This is Muḥammad b. ʿAbd Allāh, who claims that Allah sent him and that the treasures of Kisrā and Qayṣar will be opened for him. This is his wife Khadīja bt. Khuwaylid, who believed in him, and this boy is his cousin ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib, who believed in him.” ʿUfayf said: Would that I had believed that day, so that I would have been the second. Muḥammad b. Kaʿb said: The first of this community to embrace Islam was Khadīja, and the first two men to embrace Islam were Abū Bakr and ʿAlī, and ʿAlī embraced Islam before Abū Bakr. ʿAlī used to conceal his faith out of fear of his father, until his father met him and said: “Have you embraced Islam?” He said: “Yes.” He said: “Support your cousin and help him.” He said: And Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq was the first to openly manifest Islam. From Jābir, who said: The Prophet ﷺ was sent on Monday, and ʿAlī prayed on Tuesday. Others said: The first of this community to embrace Islam was Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq. The reconciliation of all these statements is that Khadīja was the first to embrace Islam among women, and according to the apparent contexts, also before the men. The first to embrace Islam among the freedmen was Zayd b. Ḥāritha. The first to embrace Islam among the boys was ʿAlī b. Abī Ṭālib, for he was young, below puberty, according to the well-known view. These were at that time the members of the household. The first to embrace Islam among free men was Abū Bakr al-Ṣiddīq, and his Islam was more beneficial than the Islam of those mentioned before him, since he was a distinguished leader, a noble chief in Quraysh, a man of wealth, and a caller to Islam. He was loved and conciliatory, spending his wealth in obedience to Allah and His Messenger.
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