Tarikh (al-Tabari) 704
The sending of the Prophet ﷺ
وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ بَرَّةَ بِنْتِ أَبِي تِجْرَاةَ- بِكَسْرِ الْفَوْقَانِيَّةِ وَسُكُونِ الْجِيمِ- قَالَتْ: إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ كَرَامَتَهُ وَابْتَدَأَهُ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ كَانَ إِذَا خَرَجَ لِحَاجَتِهِ أَبْعَدَ حَتَّى لَا يَرَى بَيْتًا وَيُفْضِي إِلَى الشِّعَابِ وَبُطُونِ الْأَوْدِيَةِ فَلَا يَمُرُّ بِحَجَرٍ وَلَا شَجَرٍ إِلَّا قَالَ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. وَكَانَ يَلْتَفِتُ عَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَشِمَالِهِ وَخَلْفَهُ فَلَا يَرَى أَحَدًا. وَرَوَى الْإِمَامُ أَحْمَدُ وَمُسْلِمٌ عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ ؓ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ: «إِنِّي لَأَعْرِفُ حَجَرًا كَانَ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَيَّ قَبْلَ أَنْ أُبْعَثَ إِنِّي لَأَعْرِفُهُ الْآنَ» . وَقَالَ عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ الْعَلَاءُ بْنُ جَارِيَةَ- بِجِيمٍ وَرَاءٍ- الثَّقَفِيُّ، وَكَانَ وَاعِيَةً، عَنْ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ حِينَ أَرَادَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى كَرَامَتَهُ وَابْتَدَأَهُ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ كَانَ إِذَا خَرَجَ لِحَاجَتِهِ أَبْعَدَ حَتَّى تُحْسَرُ عَنْهُ الْبُيُوتُ وَيُفْضِي إِلَى شِعَابِ مَكَّةَ وَأَوْدِيَتِهَا فَلَا يَمُرُّ بِحَجَرٍ وَلَا شَجَرٍ إِلَّا قَالَ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. فَيَلْتَفِتُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ خَلْفَهُ وَعَنْ يَمِينِهِ وَعَنْ شِمَالِهِ فَلَا يَرَى إِلَّا الشَّجَرَ وَمَا حَوْلَهُ مِنَ الْحِجَارَةِ وَهِيَ تُحَيِّيهِ بِتَحِيَّةِ النُّبُوَّةِ: السَّلَامُ عَلَيْكَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. رَوَاهُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ سَعْدٍ عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ رَحِمَهُمَا اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ: يَا خَدِيجَةُ إِنِّي أَرَى ضَوْءًا وَأَسْمَعُ صَوْتًا لَقَدْ خَشِيتُ أَنْ أَكُونَ كَاهِنًا. قَالَتْ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ تَعَالَى لَا يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ بِكَ إِنَّكَ تَصْدُقُ الْحَدِيثَ وَتُؤَدِّي الْأَمَانَةَ وَتَصِلُ الرَّحِمَ. وَرَوَى ابْنُ الْجَوْزِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: أَقَامَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِمَكَّةَ خَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ سَنَةً: سَبْعًا يَرَى الضَّوْءَ وَالنُّورَ وَيَسْمَعُ الصَّوْتَ، وَثَمَانِي سِنِينَ يُوحَى إِلَيْهِ. وَقَالَ الْخَازِنُ: وَهَذَا إِنْ صَحَّ فَيُحْمَلُ عَلَى سَنَتَيْنِ قَبْلَ النُّبُوَّةِ فِيمَا كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَرَاهُ مِنْ تَبَاشِيرِ النُّبُوَّةِ، وَثَلَاثِ سِنِينَ بَعْدَ النُّبُوَّةِ قَبْلَ إِظْهَارِ الدَّعْوَةِ وَعَشْرِ سِنِينَ مُعْلِنًا بِالدَّعْوَةِ بِمَكَّةَ. تَنْبِيهَانِ الْأَوَّلُ: قَالَ السُّهَيْلِيُّ فِي بَعْضٍ الْمُسْنَدَاتِ: إِنَّ هَذَا الْحَجَرَ الَّذِي كَانَ يُسَلِّمُ عَلَى النَّبِيِّ ﷺ هُوَ الْحَجَرُ الْأَسْوَدُ. وَهَذَا التَّسْلِيمُ الْأَظْهَرُ فِيهِ أَنْ يَكُونَ حَقِيقَةً وَيَكُونَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَنْطَقَهُ إِنْطَاقًا، كَمَا خَلَقَ الْحَنِينَ فِي الْجِذْعِ. وَلِهَذَا مَزِيدُ بَيَانٍ فِي الْمُعْجِزَاتِ. الثَّانِي: قَالَ الْقَاضِي وَغَيْرُهُ رَحِمَهُمُ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: وَإِنَّمَا ابْتُدِئَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ بِالرُّؤْيَا لِئَلَّا يَفْجَأَهُ الْمَلَكُ وَيَأْتِيَهُ بِصَرِيحِ النُّبُوَّةِ بَغْتَةً فَلَا تَحْمِلُهَا الْقُوَى الْبَشَرِيَّةُ، فَبُدِئَ بِأَوَائِلِ خِصَالِ النُّبُوَّةِ وَتَبَاشِيرِ الْكَرَامَةِ وَمِنْ صَدْقِ الرُّؤْيَا وَمَا جَاءَ فِي الْحَدِيثِ الْآخَرِ مِنْ رُؤْيَةِ الْضَوْءَةِ وَسَمَاعِ الصَّوْتِ وَتَسْلِيمِ الْحَجَرِ وَالشَّجَرِ عَلَيْهِ بِالنُّبُوَّةِ حَتَّى اسْتَشْعَرَ عَظِيمَ مَا يُرَادُ بِهِ وَاسْتَعَدَّ لِمَا يَنْتَظِرُهُ فَلَمْ يَأْتِهِ الْمَلَكُ إِلَّا بِأَمْرٍ عِنْدَهُ مُقَدَّمَاتُهُ. وَاللَّهُ أَعْلَمُ.
Translation
✧ And Ibn Saʿd narrated from Barrah bt. Abī Tijrāh – with a kasrah on the fāʾ-like letter (the tāʾ with two dots above) and a sukūn on the jīm – she said: When Allah willed to honor the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and initiated him with prophethood, whenever he went out to relieve himself, he would go far away until he could see no house and would reach the mountain passes and the interiors of the valleys. He would not pass by any stone or tree except that it said: Peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allah. And he would turn to his right, his left, and behind him, but would see no one. And Imām Aḥmad and Muslim narrated from Jābir b. Samurah ؓ who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Indeed I recognize a stone that used to greet me before I was sent; indeed I recognize it now." And ʿAbd al-Malik b. ʿAbd Allāh b. Abī Sufyān al-ʿAlāʾ b. Jāriyah – with a jīm and a rāʾ – al-Thaqafī, and he was a memorizer, reported from some of the people of knowledge that when Allah the Exalted willed to honor the Messenger of Allah ﷺ and initiated him with prophethood, whenever he went out to relieve himself, he would go far away until the houses were out of sight, and he would reach the mountain passes of Makkah and its valleys. He would not pass by any stone or tree except that it said: Peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allah. Then the Messenger of Allah ﷺ would turn behind him, to his right, and to his left, but would see nothing except the trees and the stones around him, and they would greet him with the greeting of prophethood: Peace be upon you, O Messenger of Allah. Narrated by Ibn Isḥāq. And Ibn Saʿd narrated from Hishām b. ʿUrwah from his father, may Allah the Exalted have mercy on them both, that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "O Khadījah, indeed I see a light and hear a voice; I have feared that I might be a soothsayer." She said: "Allah the Exalted would not do that to you. Indeed you speak the truth, fulfill the trust, and maintain ties of kinship." And Ibn al-Jawzī narrated from Ibn ʿAbbās who said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ stayed in Makkah for fifteen years: seven years seeing light and radiance and hearing a voice, and eight years receiving revelation. And al-Khāzin said: If this is authentic, it is to be understood as two years before prophethood, during which the Messenger of Allah ﷺ saw the glad tidings of prophethood, and three years after prophethood before proclaiming the call, and ten years proclaiming the call openly in Makkah. Two points of note: The first: al-Suhaylī said in one of the musnads: This stone that used to greet the Prophet ﷺ is the Black Stone. The most apparent view is that this greeting was real, and that Allah the Exalted made it speak, just as He created the yearning in the palm trunk. And there is further elaboration on this in the section on miracles. The second: al-Qāḍī and others, may Allah the Exalted have mercy on them, said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ was initiated with dreams so that the angel would not come upon him suddenly with explicit prophethood, which human strength could not bear. So he was initiated with the first signs of the qualities of prophethood and the glad tidings of honor, including true dreams, and what is mentioned in the other hadith of seeing light, hearing a voice, and the greeting of stones and trees with prophethood, until he became aware of the greatness of what was intended for him and prepared for what awaited him. Thus the angel did not come to him except with a matter whose preliminaries were already present with him. And Allah knows best.
Grades by grader
No grade is recorded for this wording.